Yintoni iStockholm Syndrome kwaye ichaphazela bani?

Umxholo

• Yintoni iStockholm syndrome?
• Ithini imbali?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Iimpawu zesifo seStockholm
• Imizekelo yesifo seStockholm
• Amatyala aphezulu
• Stockholm syndrome kuluntu lwanamhlanje
• Isifo seStockholm sinokuvela kwezi meko
• Unyango
• Umgca wezantsi

Isifo seStockholm sihlala sinxulunyaniswa nokuthumba kunye neemeko zokubanjwa. Ngaphandle kwamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho adumileyo, abantu abaqhelekileyo banokuphuhlisa le meko yengqondo ekuphenduleni kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zengozi.

Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ngakumbi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye iStockholm syndrome, ukuba ifumene njani igama layo, iintlobo zeemeko ezinokukhokelela ekubeni umntu aphuhlise esi sifo, nokuba yintoni enokwenziwa ukuyinyanga.

Yintoni iStockholm syndrome?

IStockholm syndrome yimpendulo yengqondo. Kwenzeka xa abathinjwa okanye ukuxhaphaza amaxhoba edibana nabo babathimbileyo okanye abaxhaphazi. Olu nxibelelwano lwengqondo lukhula ngokuhamba kweentsuku, iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka yokuthinjwa okanye yokuphathwa gadalala.

Ngalesi sifo, abo bathinjiweyo okanye amaxhoba oxhatshazo banokuza bavelane nabathinjwa babo. Oku kuchasene noloyiko, uloyiko kunye nokudelela okunokuthi kulindelwe kumaxhoba kwezi meko.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amanye amaxhoba aye avelise iimvakalelo ezilungileyo kubathimbi babo. Banokude baqale bazive ngathi babelana ngeenjongo ezifanayo kunye nezizathu. Ixhoba linokuqalisa ukukhulisa iimvakalelo ezimbi malunga namapolisa okanye abasemagunyeni. Banokucaphukela nabani na onokuba uzama ukubanceda ukuba babaleke kwimeko eyingozi abakuyo.

Le paradox ayenzeki ngayo yonke ixhoba okanye ixhoba, kwaye akucaci ukuba kutheni isenzeka xa isenzeka.

Uninzi lweengqondo kunye noochwephesha bezonyango bayithathela ingqalelo iStockholm syndrome, okanye indlela yokunceda amaxhoba aphathe ukwenzakala kwimeko eyoyikisayo. Ewe imbali yesifo inokunceda ekucaciseni ukuba kutheni kunjalo.

Ithini imbali?

Iziqendu zento eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Stockholm syndrome kungenzeka ukuba zenzekile kumashumi eminyaka, kwaneenkulungwane. Kodwa kwakungekho ngo-1973 apho le mpendulo ekubanjweni okanye ekuphathweni gadalala yathiywa igama.

Kulapho amadoda amabini abamba abantu abane bathimba iintsuku ezi-6 emva kokubanjwa kwebhanki eStockholm, eSweden. Emva kokukhululwa kwabo bathinjiweyo, bala ukunika ubungqina ngokuchasene nabo babebathimbile kwaye baqala nokuqokelela imali yokuzikhusela.

Emva koko, iingcali zengqondo kunye neengcali zempilo yengqondo zanikezela igama elithi "iStockholm syndrome" kwimeko eyenzeka xa abathinjwa bekhulisa unxibelelwano ngokwasemoyeni nangokwengqondo nabantu abababambe eluvalelweni.

Ngaphandle kokwazi kakuhle, nangona kunjalo, iStockholm syndrome ayamkelwa ngohlelo olutsha lweDiagnostic kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yeNgxaki yeNgqondo. Le ncwadana isetyenziswa ziingcali zempilo yengqondo kunye nezinye iingcali ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Isifo seStockholm saziwa ngeziganeko ezithathu ezahlukileyo okanye "iimpawu."

Iimpawu zesifo seStockholm

1. Ixhoba likhulisa iimvakalelo ezilungileyo ngakulowo ubabambe njengabathimbileyo okanye obaphethe gadalala.
2. Ixhoba likhulisa iimvakalelo ezingalunganga ngamapolisa, abasemagunyeni, okanye nawuphina umntu onokuthi azame ukubanceda ukuba babaleke kubathimbi babo. Banokungavumi ukusebenzisana ngokuchasene nomthimbi wabo.
3. Ixhoba liqala ukubona ubuntu bomthimbi wabo kwaye bakholelwe ukuba baneenjongo kunye neenqobo ezifanayo.

Ezi mvakalelo zihlala zenzeka ngenxa yeemvakalelo kunye neemeko ezihlawuliswe kakhulu ezenzeka ngexesha lokuthinjwa okanye umjikelo wokuxhatshazwa.

Umzekelo, abantu abathunjiweyo okanye abathinjiweyo bahlala beziva besongelwa ngumthimbi wabo, kodwa baxhomekeke kubo ukuze baphile. Ukuba umntu oqweqwedisayo okanye ophethe gadalala ubabonisa ububele obuthile, basenokuqalisa ukuziva bethandekile ngakubathimbi babo ngenxa yale "mfesane."

Ixesha elingaphezulu, loo mbono iqala ukubumba ngokutsha kwaye iphazamise indlela abajonga ngayo umntu obagcina ethimbe okanye ebahlukumeza.

Imizekelo yesifo seStockholm

Ukuxhwilwa kwabadumileyo kuye kwabangela iziqendu eziphezulu zeStockholm syndrome kubandakanya ezo zidweliswe ngezantsi.

Amatyala aphezulu

• UPatty Hearst. Mhlawumbi edume kakhulu, umzukulwana kasomashishini kunye nomshicileli wephephandaba uWilliam Randolph Hearst wabanjwa ngo-1974 yi-Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA). Ngexesha lokuthinjwa kwakhe, walahla usapho, wamkela igama elitsha, waze wajoyina i-SLA ekuphangeni iibhanki. Emva kwexesha, u-Hearst wabanjwa, kwaye wasebenzisa iStockholm syndrome njengesikhuselo kwityala lakhe. Oko kuzikhusela akuzange kusebenze, kwaye wagwetywa iminyaka engama-35 entolongweni.
• Natascha Kampusch. Ngo-1998, emva koko u-Natascha oneminyaka eli-10 ubudala waxhwilwa kwaye wagcinwa phantsi komhlaba kwigumbi elimnyama elifihliweyo. Umthumbi wakhe, uWolfgang Přiklopil, wambamba iminyaka engaphezu kwesibhozo. Ngelo xesha, wambonisa ububele, kodwa naye wambetha waza wamsongela ngokumbulala. UNatascha wakwazi ukubaleka, kwaye uPřiklopil wazibulala. Iingxelo zeendaba ngelo xesha uNatascha "walila engathuthuzelekiyo."
• UMary McElroy: Ngo-1933, amadoda amane abamba uMary oneminyaka engama-25 ngemipu, ambopha ngamatyathanga ezindongeni kwindlu esefama eshiyekileyo, aza afuna intlawulelo kusapho lwakhe. Xa wakhululwa, wazabalaza ukubiza abo babemthimbile kwityala labo elilandelayo. Uvakalise esidlangalaleni uvelwano ngabo.

Stockholm syndrome kuluntu lwanamhlanje

Ngelixa isifo seStockholm sihlala sinxulunyaniswa nokuthimba okanye imeko yokuthimba, inokusebenza kwezinye iimeko kunye nobudlelwane.

Isifo seStockholm sinokuvela kwezi meko

• Ubundlobongela. ibonakalisile ukuba abantu abahlukunyezwayo banokubanomdla wokubaphatha gadalala. Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, ngokwasemzimbeni, nangokweemvakalelo, kwanokulalana, kunokuhlala iminyaka. Ngeli xesha, umntu unokukhulisa iimvakalelo ezilungileyo okanye uvelwano kumntu obaphethe gadalala.
• Uhlukunyezo lwabantwana. Abaxhaphazi badla ngokugrogrisa amaxhoba abo ngokuwabulala. Amaxhoba anokuzama ukunqanda ukucaphukisa umxhaphazi wawo ngokuthobela. Abaxhaphazi banokubonisa ububele obunokubonwa njengemvakalelo yokwenene. Oku kunokuqhubeka kumdida umntwana kwaye kukhokelele ekubeni bangabuqondi ubunjani bolwalamano.
• Ukurhweba ngokuthengisa ngesondo. Abantu abarhweba ngabantu ngokungekho mthethweni bahlala exhomekeke kubaxhaphazi babo kwizinto eziyimfuneko, njengokutya namanzi. Xa abaxhaphazi bekwenza oko, ixhoba linokuqala ukuya ngakumxhaphazi. Banokungavumi ukusebenzisana namapolisa ngenxa yokoyika ukuziphindezela okanye bacinge ukuba kufuneka babakhusele abo babaxhaphazayo ukuze bazikhusele.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo. Ukuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo yindlela elungileyo yokuba abantu bakhe izakhono kunye nobudlelwane. Ngelishwa, olunye lolo lwalamano ekugqibeleni lunokuba lubi. Iindlela zokuqeqesha ezirhabaxa zinokuba gadalala. Imbaleki inokuzixelela indlela yokuziphatha komqeqeshi wayo ilungelwe yona, kwaye oku, ngokophando luka-2018, ekugqibeleni inokuba luhlobo lwe-Stockholm syndrome.

Unyango

Ukuba uyakholelwa kuwe okanye emntwini omaziyo ophuhlise isifo seStockholm, unokufumana uncedo. Ngexesha elifutshane, ukucebisa okanye unyango lwengqondo kwisifo esibuhlungu emva koxinzelelo kunokunceda ekunciphiseni imiba ekhawulezileyo enxulumene nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, enje ngoxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo.

Unyango lwexesha elide kunokuqhubeka ukunceda wena okanye umntu omthandayo ukuba achache.

Iingcali zengqondo kunye noochwephesha bengqondo banokukufundisa ngeendlela zokuphelisa impilo kunye nezixhobo zokuphendula ukukunceda uqonde okwenzekileyo, kutheni kusenzeka, kwaye ungaya njani phambili. Ukwabela iimvakalelo ezintle kunokukunceda uqonde ukuba kwenzeke ntoni yayingelilo ityala lakho.

Umgca wezantsi

Isifo seStockholm sisicwangciso sokulwa. Abantu abaxhatshazwayo okanye abathinjiweyo banokuyiphuhlisa.

Uloyiko okanye uloyiko lunokuba yinto exhaphakileyo kwezi meko, kodwa abanye abantu baqala ukukhulisa iimvakalelo ezifanelekileyo kwabo babathimbileyo okanye umxhaphazi. Basenokungafuni ukusebenza okanye banxibelelane namapolisa. Banokude babe mathidala ukumjikela umxhaphazi wabo okanye umthimbe.

I-Stockholm syndrome ayisiyo isifo esisemthethweni sokuqonda impilo. Endaweni yoko, kucingelwa ukuba yindlela yokusebenza. Abantu abaphethwe gadalala okanye abarhwebelwayo okanye abangamaxhoba wombulo okanye uloyiko banokuluhlakulela. Unyango olululo lunokuhamba indlela ende ekuncedeni ekubuyiseni.