I-Neuropathy esecaleni kwamachiza

I-Neuropathy kukulimala kwimithambo yoluvo. Le yimithambo-luvo engekho kwingqondo okanye kumqolo womqolo. I-Neuropathy esecaleni kwamachiza kukuphulukana nemvakalelo okanye intshukumo kwinxalenye yomzimba ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo ekuthatheni iyeza elithile okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza.

Umonakalo ubangelwa sisiphumo esinetyhefu yamayeza athile kwimithambo yoluvo. Kunokubakho monakalo kwinxalenye ye-axon yeseli ye-nerve, ephazamisa imiqondiso ye-nerve. Okanye, umonakalo unokubandakanya i-myelin sheath, efaka ii-axon kwaye inyuse isantya sokuhambisa imiqondiso nge-axon.

Eyona nto iqhelekileyo, uninzi lwee-nerves ziyabandakanyeka (polyneuropathy). Oku kuhlala kubangela utshintsho olwenzeka kumalungu angaphandle omzimba (distal) kwaye usiya kumbindi womzimba (proximal). Kusenokubakho utshintsho kwiintshukumo, ezinje ngobuthathaka. Kusenokubakho nentlungu evuthayo.

Amayeza amaninzi kunye nezinto zinokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwe-neuropathy. Imizekelo idweliswe apha ngezantsi.

Intliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi:

• Amiodarone
• IHydralazine
• I-Perhexiline

Iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukulwa umhlaza:

• ICisplatin
• Uxwebhu
• Iifayile
• Ugqirha
• UVincristine

Iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukulwa usulelo:

• IChloroquine
• Dapsone
• I-Isoniazid (INH), isetyenziselwa isifo sephepha
• IMetronidazole (iFlagyl)
• INitrofurantoin
• I-Thalidomide (esetyenziselwa ukulwa neqhenqa)

Iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezizimeleyo:

• I-Etanercept (Enbrel)
• I-infliximab (Remicade)
• ILeflunomide (Arava)

Iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzula:

• ICarbamazepine
• IPhenytoin
• IPhenobarbital

Iziyobisi ezichasene notywala:

• Idisulfiram

Iziyobisi zokulwa i-HIV / AIDS:

• IDidanosine (Videx)
• Emtricitabine (Emtriva) usetyenziso lweWindows kwi- Ivenkile yeWindows
  
• I-Stavudine (iZerit)
• I-Tenofovir kunye ne-emtricitabine (iTruvada)

Ezinye iziyobisi kunye nezinto ezinokubangela i-neuropathy zibandakanya:

• Colchicine (esetyenziselwa ukunyanga igawuthi)
• I-Disulfiram (esetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukusetyenziswa kotywala)
• Iarseniki
• Igolide

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ubumdaka, ukulahleka kwemvakalelo
• Ukulinganisa, iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga
• Ubuthathaka
• Intlungu evuthayo

Utshintsho lweemvakalelo zihlala ziqala ezinyaweni okanye ezandleni kwaye zingene ngaphakathi.

Uvavanyo lwengqondo kunye neenkqubo zovalo ziya kwenziwa.

Olunye uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba amayeza (kwanamazinga aqhelekileyo egazi amachiza athile anokuba yityhefu kubantu abadala okanye kwabanye abantu)
• I-EMG (i-electromyography) kunye novavanyo lokuqhutywa kwemithambo-luvo kwimisebenzi yombane yemithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu

Unyango lusekwe kwiimpawu nokuba zinzima kangakanani. Iyeza elibangela i-neuropathy linokumiswa, linciphiswe ngedosi, okanye litshintshelwe kwelinye iyeza. (Ungaze utshintshe naliphi na ichiza ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.)

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa la machiza alandelayo ukunceda ukulawula iintlungu:

• Ukuthomalalisa iintlungu ngaphezulu kwekhawuntari kunokuba luncedo kwintlungu ethambileyo (neuralgia).
• I-Phenytoin, i-carbamazepine, i-gabapentin, i-pregabalin, i-duloxetine, okanye i-tricyclic anti-depressants efana ne-nortriptyline inokunciphisa iintlungu zokuhlaba abanye abantu abanamava ngazo.
• Ukunciphisa iintlungu, ezifana ne-morphine okanye i-fentanyl, kunokufuneka ukuba ulawule iintlungu.

Okwangoku akukho machiza anokuguqula ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Ukuba ulahlekelwe yimvakalelo, kungafuneka uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko ukunqanda ukwenzakala.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba kukho imithambo enokukunceda ukhulule iimpawu zakho.

Abantu abaninzi banokubuyela ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo ekusebenzeni kwabo kwesiqhelo. Esi sifo asihlali sibangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi, kodwa sinokungonwabi okanye sikhubaze.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza emsebenzini okanye ekhaya ngenxa yokuphulukana ngokusisigxina kwemvakalelo
• Intlungu ngokugungqa kwindawo yokwenzakala kwentliziyo
• Ukuphulukana ngokusisigxina kwovakalelo (okanye kunqabile, ukuhamba) kwindawo

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba ulahlekelwe yimvakalelo okanye ushukume nakweyiphi na indawo emzimbeni ngelixa uthatha naliphi na iyeza.

Umboneleli wakho uya kubeka esweni unyango lwakho nangaliphi na ichiza elinokubangela ukuba ube neuropathy. Injongo kukugcina inqanaba legazi elifanelekileyo leziyobisi ezifunekayo ukulawula isifo kunye neempawu zaso ngelixa kuthintela ichiza lingafikeleli kumanqanaba anobuthi.

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system

UJones MR, Urits I, uWolf J, et al. I-peripheral neuropathy ebangelwa ziziyobisi, uphononongo lokubaliswa. ICurr Clin Pharmacol. NgoJanuwari 2019. PMID: 30666914 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30666914.

Katirji B.Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yoluvo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 107.

O'Connor KDJ, Mastaglia FL. Ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa sisiyobisi kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Ku: Aminoff MJ, Josephson SA, ii-eds. I-Aminoff's Neurology kunye noNyango Jikelele. Umhla we-5. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier yezeMfundo; I-2014: isahluko 32.