Encopresis

Ukuba umntwana ongaphezulu kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala uqeqeshiwe kwindlu yangasese, kwaye usadlula esitulweni kunye nomhlaba iimpahla, kuthiwa yi-encopresis. Umntwana unokwenza okanye angakwenzi oku ngenjongo.

Umntwana unokuqunjelwa. Isitulo sinzima, somile, kwaye sinamathele kwikholoni (ebizwa ngokuba yi-fecal impaction). Umntwana emva koko ugqitha kuphela umanzi okanye phantse ilindle elijikeleza isitulo esinzima. Inokuphuma emini okanye ebusuku.

Ezinye izizathu zinokubandakanya:

• Hayi ukuqeqesha umntwana ngasese
• Ukuqala uqeqesho lwangasese xa umntwana esemncinci kakhulu
• Iingxaki zeemvakalelo, ezinje ngokuchasana nokuphikisana nokuphazamiseka okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle

Nokuba siyintoni na isizathu, umntwana unokuziva eneentloni, enetyala, okanye ezithembile, kwaye angazifihla iimpawu ze-encopresis.

Izinto ezinokunyusa umngcipheko we-encopresis zibandakanya:

• Ukuqhina okungapheliyo
• Imeko yezoqoqosho ephantsi

I-Encopresis ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazana. Ihlala ihamba njengoko umntwana ekhula.

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukungakwazi ukubamba isitulo ngaphambi kokuya kwindlu yangasese (ukunganyanzeleki kwamathumbu)
• Ukudlula isitulo kwiindawo ezingafanelekanga (njengempahla yomntwana)
• Ukugcina ukuhamba kwamathumbu kuyimfihlo
• Ukuqunjelwa kunye nezitulo ezinzima
• Ukugqitha isitulo esikhulu kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha esiphantse ukuvimba indlu yangasese
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukugcinwa komchamo
• Ukwala ukuhlala kwindlu yangasese
• Ukwala ukusebenzisa amayeza
• Ukudumba okanye iintlungu esiswini

Umboneleli wezempilo unokuziva ukuba isitulo sinamathele kwi-rectum yomntwana (impecal impaction). I-x-ray yesisu somntwana ingabonisa isitulo esinefuthe kwikholoni.

Umboneleli angenza uviwo lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ukukhupha ingxaki yomqolo.

Olunye uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• Inkcubeko umchamo
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid
• Uvavanyo lweCeliac
• Uvavanyo lwe-Serum calcium
• Uvavanyo lweSerum electrolyte

Injongo yonyango kukuba:

• Thintela ukuqhina
• Gcina imikhwa elungileyo yamathumbu

Kungcono ukuba abazali baxhase, kunokuba bamgxeke okanye bamdimaze umntwana.

Unyango lunokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukunika umntwana laxatives okanye enemas ukususa isitulo esomileyo.
• Ukunika isithambisi somntwana.
• Ukuba nomntwana atye ukutya okunefayibha (iziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo) nokusela ulwelo oluninzi ukugcina izitulo zithambile kwaye zikhululekile.
• Ukuthatha ioyile yamaminerali ekhethiweyo kangangexesha elifutshane. Olu lonyango lwexeshana kuphela kuba ioyile yamaminerali iphazamisa ukufunxeka kwecalcium kunye novithamini D.
• Ukubona i-gastroenterologist yabantwana xa olu nyango lungonelanga. Ugqirha unokusebenzisa i-biofeedback, okanye afundise abazali nomntwana indlela yokulawula i-encopresis.
• Ukubona ugqirha wezengqondo ukunceda umntwana ajongane neentloni ezinxulumene noko, ityala, okanye ukuphulukana nokuzithemba.

Ukwenza i-encopresis ngaphandle kokuqhinwa, umntwana unokufuna uvavanyo lwengqondo ukuze afumane unobangela.

Uninzi lwabantwana lusabela kakuhle kunyango. I-Encopresis ihlala iphinda ibuye, ke abanye abantwana bafuna unyango oluqhubekayo.

Ukuba akaphathwa, umntwana unokuzithemba okuphantsi kunye neengxaki zokwenza kunye nokugcina abahlobo. Ezinye iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuqhina okungapheliyo
• Ukungahambi kakuhle komchamo

Biza ukuqeshwa kunye nomboneleli wakho ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala kwaye une-encopresis.

I-Encopresis inokuthintelwa ngu:

• Uqeqesho lwendlu yangasese umntwana wakho kubudala obufanelekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo.
• Ukuthetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nezinto onokuzenza ukunceda umntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuqunjelwa, ezinje ngezomileyo, ezinzima, okanye izitulo ezingafakwanga rhoqo.

Umhlaba; Incontinence - isitulo; Ukuqunjelwa - encopresis; Impembelelo - encopresis

UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM. Uvavanyo lwenkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM, ii-eds.UNelson oBalulekileyo kwiPediatrics. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 126.

UNoe J. Ukuqunjelwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, Lye PS, Bordini BJ, Toth H, Basel D, ii-eds. UNelson Pediatric Syndromeom-based Diagnosis. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 16.