Unyango lweRadiyoodine

Unyango lweRadioiodine lusebenzisa iodine ene-radioactive ukunciphisa okanye ukubulala iiseli ze-thyroid. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezithile zedlala lengqula.

I-thyroid gland yintsimbi efana nebhabhathane ephambi kwentamo yakho esezantsi. Ivelisa iihormoni ezinceda umzimba wakho ulawule imetabolism yakho.

I-thyroid yakho idinga iodine ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba iodine ivela kukutya okutyayo. Awekho amanye amalungu asebenzisa okanye afunxe iodine eninzi egazini lakho. Iodine engaphezulu emzimbeni wakho ikhutshiwe kumchamo.

I-Radioiodine isetyenziselwa unyango lweemeko ezahlukeneyo ze-thyroid. Inikwa ngoogqirha abaziingcali kunyango lwenyukliya. Kuxhomekeka kwidosi yerediyo, kusenokungafuneki ukuba uhlale esibhedlele ngenxa yale nkqubo, kodwa uye ekhaya ngalo mini. Ukufumana iidosi eziphezulu, kufuneka uhlale kwigumbi elikhethekileyo esibhedlele kwaye umchamo wakho ubekwe esweni ukuba iodine enemitha eqengqelekayo ikhutshwe.

• Uya kuginya i-radioiodine ngohlobo lweepilisi (okanye iipilisi) okanye ulwelo.
• Idlala lengqula lakho liya kufunxa uninzi lwe-iodine eqhumayo.
• Iqela lamayeza enyukliya linokwenza iskena ngexesha lonyango lwakho ukujonga apho iodine iye yangena khona.
• Imitha iya kubulala idlala lengqula kwaye, ukuba unyango lonyango lomhlaza wedlala lengqula, naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza wedlala elinokuhamba kwaye lihlale kwamanye amalungu.

Uninzi lwezinye iiseli azinamdla ekuthatheni iodine, ke unyango lukhuselekile. Amanani aphezulu kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha anokunciphisa imveliso yamathe (amathe) okanye onzakalise ikholoni okanye umongo wethambo.

Unyango lwe-Radioiodine lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hyperthyroidism kunye nomhlaza wedlala lengqula.

I-Hyperthyroidism yenzeka xa idlala lengqula lenza iincindi zamadlala egazi. I-Radioiodine iyayiphatha le meko ngokubulala iiseli ze-thyroid okanye ngokunciphisa i-thyroid gland. Oku kumisa i-thyroid gland ekuveliseni i-hormone ye-thyroid.

Iqela lamayeza enyukliya liya kuzama ukubala idosi ekushiya nomsebenzi we-thyroid oqhelekileyo. Kodwa, oku kubalwa akusoloko kuchanekile ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, unyango lunokukhokelela kwi-hypothyroidism, efuna ukunyangwa nge-thyroid hormone supplementation.

Unyango lwe-iodine olusebenzisa i-radioactive lukwasetyenziswa kunyango lwee-cancer zomhlaza emva kotyando esele iwususile umhlaza kwaye uninzi lwe-thyroid. Iodine ene-radioactive ibulala nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza we-thyroid esele isele emva kotyando. Unokufumana olu nyango kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 emva kotyando ukususa i-thyroid yakho. Ikwanokubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Iingcali ezininzi ze-thyroid ngoku zikholelwa ukuba olu nyango luye lwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwabanye abantu abanomhlaza wedlala lengqula kuba ngoku siyazi ukuba abanye abantu banomngcipheko ophantsi wokuphindaphinda umhlaza. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nobungozi kunye nezibonelelo zonyango olu.

Iingozi zonyango lwe-radioiodine zibandakanya:

• Inani eliphantsi lobudoda kunye nokungachumi emadodeni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 iminyaka emva konyango (kunqabile)
• Amaxesha angaqhelekanga kubasetyhini ukuya kunyaka omnye (kunqabile)
• Amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid ephantsi kakhulu okanye engekhoyo efuna amayeza okubuyisela i-hormone (eqhelekileyo)

Iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elifutshane zibandakanya:

• Ukuthamba kwentamo nokudumba
• Ukudumba kwamadlala amathe (amadlala asezantsi nasemva emlonyeni apho kuveliswa khona amathe)
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Isisu
• Ngcamla utshintsho
• Amehlo omileyo

Abasetyhini akufuneki bakhulelwe okanye bancancise ngexesha lonyango, kwaye akufuneki bakhulelwe iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 emva konyango. Amadoda kufuneka aphephe ukukhulelwa ubuncinci iinyanga ezi-6 emva konyango.

Abantu abanesifo se-Graves banomngcipheko wokuba mandundu kwe-hyperthyroidism emva konyango lwe-radioiodine. Iimpawu zihlala ziphakama malunga neentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14 emva konyango. Uninzi lweempawu lunokulawulwa ngamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta blockers. Kunqabile ukuba unyango lwe-iodine olunokusasazeka ngemitha kunokubangela uhlobo olubi lwehyperthyroidism ebizwa ngokuba sisiphepho sedlala lengqula.

Unokuvavanywa ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-thyroid ngaphambi kwonyango.

Unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza le-thyroid ngaphambi kwenkqubo.

Uya kucelwa ukuba uyeke nawaphi na amayeza acinezela i-thyroid (propylthiouracil, methimazole) okungenani iveki enye ngaphambi kwenkqubo (ebaluleke kakhulu okanye unyango alunakusebenza).

Unokufakwa kwi-iodine ephantsi yokutya kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kwenkqubo. Kuya kufuneka uphephe:

• Ukutya okuqulethe ityuwa ene-iodized
• Iimveliso zobisi, amaqanda
• Ukutya kwaselwandle kunye nolwandle
• Iimbotyi zesoya okanye iimveliso ezinesoya
• Ukutya okumbala ngombala obomvu

Unokufumana inaliti yehomoni ekhuthaza idlala lengqula ukwandisa ukonyuka kwe-iodine ngeeseli zedlala lengqula.

Ngaphambi nje kwenkqubo xa unikwa umhlaza wedlala lengqula:

• Unokuba novavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza eseleyo efuna ukutshatyalaliswa. Umboneleli wakho uya kukunika idosi encinci ye-radioiodine yokuginya.
• Unokufumana iyeza lokukhusela isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha ngexesha lenkqubo.

Ukuhlafuna itshungama okanye ukuncanca iilekese ezomeleleyo kunokunceda ngomlomo owomileyo. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa ukuba unganxibi iilensi zonxibelelwano kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki emva koko.

Unokuvavanya umzimba ukuba ukhangele nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza we-thyroid emva kokuba i-radioiodine dose inikwe.

Umzimba wakho uya kugqitha iodine eqhumayo kumchamo wakho nasematheni.

Ukuthintela ukubonwa kwabanye emva konyango, umboneleli wakho uya kukucela ukuba uphephe imisebenzi ethile. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba uza kuyithintela ixesha elingakanani le misebenzi- kwezinye iimeko, iya kuxhomekeka kwidosi enikiweyo.

Malunga neentsuku ezintathu emva konyango kufuneka:

• Nciphisa ixesha lakho kwiindawo zikawonkewonke
• Ungahambi ngenqwelomoya okanye usebenzise uthutho lukawonkewonke (unokuseta oomatshini bokufumanisa imitha kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya okanye ukuwela umda kangangeentsuku ezininzi emva konyango)
• Sela amanzi amaninzi
• Musa ukulungiselela abanye ukutya
• Ungabelani nabanye ngezinto zokusebenza
• Hlala phantsi xa uchama kwaye ugungxule indlu yangasese amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwayi-3 emva kokusetyenziswa

Malunga neentsuku ezi-5 okanye ngaphezulu emva konyango, kuya kufuneka:

• Hlala ubuncinci iinyawo ezi-6 kude nabantwana abancinci kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo
• Andibuyeli emsebenzini
• Lala kwibhedi eyahlukileyo kwiqabane lakho (ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezili-11)

Kuya kufuneka ulale ebhedini eyahlukileyo kwiqabane elikhulelweyo nakubantwana okanye kwiintsana iintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-23, kuxhomekeke kwidosi yerediyo enikwe.

Kuya kufuneka ukuba kuvavanywe igazi rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 ukujonga amanqanaba ehomoni yedlala lengqula. Unokufuna olunye uvavanyo lokulandela.

Ukuba idlala lengqula liyasebenza emva konyango uninzi lwabantu luya kudinga ukuthatha iipilisi zokukhulisa iihomoni kubomi babo bonke. Oku kufaka indawo yehomoni eyayiqhele ukwenziwa yihomoni.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane kwaye ziyahamba njengoko ixesha lihamba. Iidosi eziphezulu zinomngcipheko ophantsi weengxaki zexesha elide kubandakanya ukonakala kwamadlala amathe kunye nomngcipheko wobubi.

Unyango lwe-iodine; Hyperthyroidism - radioiodine; Umhlaza wedlala lengqula - radioiodine; I-papillary carcinoma - irediyoodine; Ifollicular carcinoma - irediyo; Unyango lwe-I-131

IMettler FA, iGuiberteau MJ. I-thyroid, i-parathyroid kunye ne-salivary gland. Ku: Mettler FA, Guiberteau MJ, ii-eds. Izinto ezibalulekileyo kwiNyango yeNyukliya kunye nokuThelekisa iMolekyuli. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 4.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza wedlala lengqula (yabantu abadala) (PDQ) -Uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid/hp/thyroid-kunyanga-pdq#link/_920. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 22, 2021. Kufumaneka ngo-Matshi 11, 2021.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, okqhubekayo. Izikhokelo zoMbutho we-Thyroid ye-2016 yokufumanisa isifo kunye nolawulo lwe-hyperthyroidism kunye nezinye izizathu zethrotoxicosis. Idlala lengqula. Ngo-2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. IINKCUKACHA: 27521067 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27521067/.