Konke malunga ne-Autonomic Dysreflexia (Autonomic Hyperreflexia)

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-autonomic dysreflexia (AD)?
• I-autonomic dysreflexia yenzeka njani emzimbeni
• Basebenza njani ngesiqhelo
• Kwenzeka ntoni nge-AD
• Iimpawu
• Izinto ezibangela
• Kufunyaniswa njani
• Unyango
• Uthintelo
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni i-autonomic dysreflexia (AD)?

I-Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) yimeko apho inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo engazibandakanyiyo igqitha kwizinto zangaphandle okanye zomzimba. Kukwaziwa njenge-autonomic hyperreflexia. Le mpendulo ibangela:

• spike eyingozi kuxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci
• Ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi yakho
• Olunye utshintsho kwimisebenzi yokuzimela komzimba wakho

Imeko ibonakala kakhulu kubantu abanokulimala kwentambo yomqolo ngaphezulu kwe-vertebra yesithandathu ye-thoracic, okanye i-T6.

Inokuchaphazela nabantu abane-multiple sclerosis, i-Guillain-Barre syndrome, kunye nokulimala kwentloko okanye kwengqondo. I-AD inokuba sisiphumo esisecaleni samayeza okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

I-AD yimeko enzulu ethathelwa ingqalelo engxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Ingasongela ubomi kwaye iphumele kwi:

• ukubetha
• Ukuphuma kwegazi kwithumbu
• ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac
• i-edema yemiphunga

I-autonomic dysreflexia yenzeka njani emzimbeni

Ukuqonda i-AD, kuyanceda ukuqonda inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous system (ANS). I-ANS yinxalenye yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo inoxanduva lokugcina imisebenzi yomzimba engazibandakanyi, enje:

• ifuthe legazi
• Intliziyo kunye namazinga okuphefumla
• ubushushu bomzimba
• ukwetyisa
• imetabolism
• ukulinganisela kwamanzi kunye ne-electrolyte
• ukuveliswa kolwelo lomzimba
• ukuchama
• defecation
• Ukuphendula ngesondo

Amasebe amabini e-ANS:

• inkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system (SANS)
• Inkqubo ye-parasympathetic autonomic system (PANS)

Basebenza njani ngesiqhelo

I-SANS kunye ne-PANS zisebenza ngeendlela ezichaseneyo. Oku kugcina intsalela yemisebenzi enganyanzelekanga emzimbeni wakho. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba i-SANS iyabaxa, i-PANS inokukubuyekeza oko.

Nanku umzekelo. Ukuba ubona ibhere, inkqubo yakho yemfesane enovelwano inokuqalisa ukulwa okanye ukubhabha. Oku kunokubangela ukuba intliziyo yakho ibethe ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo lwegazi ukuba lukhuphuke, kwaye imithambo yegazi yakho ilungele ukumpompa igazi elingaphezulu.

Kodwa uza kuthini ukuba uyaqonda ukuba ubuphazama kwaye ibingelilo ibhere? Awuyi kufuna ukukhuthazwa kwe-SANS yakho, ngoko ke inkqubo yakho ye-parasympathetic ne-system inokuxhuma kwisenzo. I-PANS yakho iya kubuyisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kwesiqhelo.

Kwenzeka ntoni nge-AD

I-AD iphazamisa zombini iinkqubo zovelwano kunye neparasympathetic. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-SANS yomzimba iyabaxa izinto ezikhuthazayo, ezifana nesinyi esipheleleyo. Ngaphezulu, i-PANS ayinakukuyeka ngokufanelekileyo ukuphendula. Ingayenza mandundu ngakumbi.

Umzimba wakho osezantsi uvelisa uninzi lweempawu zemithambo-luvo emva kokonzakala kwethambo lomqolo. Le miqondiso inxibelelana nemisebenzi yakho yomzimba, enje ngobume besinyi sakho, amathumbu kunye nokwetyisa. Imiqondiso ayinakudlula ukwenzakala komqolo kwingqondo yakho.

Nangona kunjalo, imiyalezo isaya kwiindawo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yokuzimela kunye nokusebenza kwe-parasympathetic esebenza ngaphantsi komonzakalo wentambo yomqolo.

Imiqondiso inokubangela i-SANS kunye ne-PANS, kodwa ingqondo ayinakuphendula ngokufanelekileyo kubo ukuze bangasebenzi ngokukuko njengeqela. Isiphumo kukuba i-SANS kunye ne-PANS zinokuphuma kulawulo.

Inqanaba lentliziyo yakho linokucothisa kakhulu ngenxa yokuba iisenzi zoxinzelelo ezibekwe kwimithambo ye-carotid okanye i-aorta (ebizwa ngokuba yi-baroreceptors) iphendula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye ithumele umqondiso kwingqondo yokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu kakhulu.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu ze-AD zingabandakanya:

• unxunguphalo kunye noloyiko
• ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okanye okucothayo
• ukuxinana kwempumlo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngokufundwa kwe-systolic rhoqo ngaphezulu kwe-200 mm Hg
• intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuhluza ulusu
• ukubila kakhulu, ngakumbi ebunzi
• intloko elula
• isiyezi
• ukudideka
• abafundi abaxubileyo

Izinto ezibangela

Izinto ezibangela i-AD ebantwini abanokulimala kwentambo yomqolo inokuba yiyo nantoni na evelisa imiqondiso ye-nerve kwi-SANS nakwi-PANS, kubandakanya:

• isinyi esikhubekileyo
• ipayipi evaliweyo
• ukugcinwa komchamo
• usulelo lomchamo
• amatye esinyi
• ukuqhina
• ukunyanzeliswa kwamathumbu
• Iimpawu
• ukucaphuka kolusu
• izilonda zoxinzelelo
• iimpahla eziqinileyo

Kufunyaniswa njani

I-AD ifuna impendulo ekhawulezileyo yezonyango, ke ugqirha wakho uhlala eyiphatha le meko. Unyango lusekwe kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo, kunye nokubetha kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Nje ukuba imeko yonxunguphalo ikhawuleze, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukwenza uviwo olunzulu kwaye aqhube uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone esona sizathu kwaye akhuphe ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho.

Unyango

Injongo yonyango olungxamisekileyo kukuthoba uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuphelisa inkuthazo ebangela impendulo. Amanyathelo angxamisekileyo anokubandakanya:

• kukushukumisela ukuba uhlale endaweni ebangela ukuba igazi ligele ezinyaweni zakho
• kususwa iimpahla ezixineneyo kunye neekawusi
• ukukhangela i-catheter evaliweyo
• ukukhupha isinyi esikhubazekileyo nge-catheter
• ukususa naziphi na ezinye izinto ezinokubangela, ezinje ngoyilo lomoya ovuthela kuwe okanye izinto ezichukumisa ulusu lwakho
• ukunyanga ngenxa yokungqubana kwelindle
• ukulawula ii-vasodilators okanye ezinye iziyobisi ukuzisa uxinzelelo lwegazi

Uthintelo

Unyango lwexesha elide kunye nothintelo kufuneka zichonge kwaye zijongane nemicimbi esisiseko ebangela i-AD. Isicwangciso sonyango lwexesha elide sinokubandakanya:

• utshintsho kunyango okanye ukutya ukuphucula ukupheliswa
• ukuphuculwa kolawulo lweekhathalitha zomchamo
• amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• amayeza okanye i-pacemaker yokuzinzisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho
• Ukuzilawula ngokwakho ukunqanda okubangela

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Umbono awuqinisekanga ngakumbi ukuba imeko yakho ngenxa yeemeko ekunzima ukuzilawula okanye izizathu ezingaziwayo. Ukuphindaphinda iziqwengana ezingalawulwayo okanye ukuhla koxinzelelo lwegazi kunokubangela ukubetha okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukuchonga okubangela kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Ukuba uyakwazi ukulawula okubangela i-AD, umbono ulungile.