Yintoni uBhang? IziBonelelo zezeMpilo noKhuseleko

Umxholo

• Yintoni ibhang kwaye yenziwa njani?
• Usebenza njani u-bhang?
• Inceda ukuthintela isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha
• Ngamana ukunciphisa iintlungu
• Ngamana unokunciphisa ukuxhamla kwemisipha kunye nokuxhuzula
• Ezinye izibonelelo ezinokubakho
• Imingcipheko enokwenzeka
• Umgca wezantsi

I-Bhang ngumxube odliwayo owenziwe ngamagqabi, amagqabi, kunye neentyatyambo ze-cannabis yabasetyhini, okanye intsangu.

E-Indiya, yongezwe ekutyeni nasekuseleni amawaka eminyaka kwaye iyinxalenye yezenzo zonqulo zamaHindu, izithethe kunye neminyhadala- kubandakanya nomnyhadala odumileyo wasentwasahlobo kaHoli.

U-Bhang ukwadlala indima kunyango lwe-Ayurvedic kwaye uphakanyiswa njengeyeza kunyango lwezifo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye neentlungu zomzimba.

Eli nqaku liphonononge i-bhang, kubandakanya izibonelelo zayo ezinokubakho kunye nokhuseleko.

Yintoni ibhang kwaye yenziwa njani?

I-Bhang ngumxube owenziwe ngokumisa, ukusila, kunye nokufaka i-buds kunye namagqabi e I-Cannabis sativa tyala ukwenza uncamathiselo olongezwe kukutya neziselo.

U-Bhang uchithe e-India kangangeenkulungwane. Nangona i-cannabis ithathwa njengekho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe, ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwebhang kubonakala ngathi kuyanyamezelwa.

Oku kunokuba yinyani ngokukodwa kwizixeko zonqulo, apho ukutya okune-bhang kunye neziselo kunokuthengwa kubathengisi basesitratweni nakwiivenkile ezivunyiweyo ngurhulumente.

Nangona kunjalo, uMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe waseIndiya weeNarcotic kunye nePsychotropic Substances uvumela ukongezwa kwamagqabi kwaye akukho zinye iindawo zesityalo se-cannabis ().

Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokutya i-bhang ixutywe kunye ne-curd kunye ne-whey-iindawo eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo lobisi ezahlula xa ubisi ludityanisiwe- ukwenza isiselo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bhang lassi.

Olunye ukhetho oludumileyo yi-bhang goli, isiselo esine-cannabis entsha ehlanganiswe namanzi.

I-Bhang inokudityaniswa neswekile kunye ne-ghee-ibhotolo ecacisiweyo esetyenziswa rhoqo e-India-kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza iilekese.

I-Bhang yenziwa ngokusila kunye nokufunxa iinxalenye ze I-Cannabis sativa tyala ukwenza incam, esetyenziselwa ukulungisa ukutya kunye neziselo ezifakwe kwi-cannabis.

Usebenza njani u-bhang?

UBhang uyaziwa ngeziphumo zengqondo, okanye amandla akhe okuchaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yovalo.

I-Cannabinoids - eyona nto iphambili esebenzayo kwimichiza I-Cannabis sativa isityalo-sisemva kwezi ziphumo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cannabinoids kwi-bhang, kodwa ezi zimbini ziphandwe kakuhle ():

• I-Tetrahydrocannabinol (iTHC). Eyona nto iphambili ngokwenziwa kwengqondo kwi-cannabis, ejongene nabantu "abaphezulu" emva kokutya ukutya kunye neziselo ezine-bhang.
• ICannabidiol (CBD). I-non-psychoactive cannabinoid ekucingelwa ukuba yeyona nto iphambili emva kwezibonelelo zezempilo ezinxulunyaniswe nebhang.

Zombini i-CBD kunye ne-THC zineemolekyuli ezifanayo nezihlanganisi zomzimba wakho ovelisa ngokwendalo-ezaziwa ngokuba zii-endocannabinoids.

I-Endocannabinoids ibophelela kwii-receptors zomzimba wakho ze-cannabinoid kwaye ziyabandakanyeka kwimisebenzi efana nokufunda, inkumbulo, ukuthatha izigqibo, ukungakhuseleki kunye nokusebenza kwemoto ().

Ngenxa yokufana kwazo kulwakhiwo, i-THC kunye ne-CBD zinokuzibophelela kwizamkeli zomzimba wakho ze-cannabinoid-ezichaphazela indlela ingqondo yakho ehambisa ngayo imiyalezo phakathi kweeseli zayo.

Ukutshaya okanye ukukhupha iindawo ezomileyo zesityalo se-cannabis kubangela amanqanaba egazi le-cannabinoid ukuphakama ngaphakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15-30.

Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-cannabinoids ezisetyenzisiweyo njengenxalenye yokutya okanye isiselo zikhutshwa kwigazi ngokuthe chu-ukujikeleza iiyure ezingama-2-3 kamva).

I-Bhang iqulethe i-THC kunye ne-CBD, iikhompawundi ezinokuthi zibophele kwii-cannabinoid receptors zomzimba wakho kunye nefuthe lokufunda kwakho, inkumbulo, iimoto, kunye nemisebenzi yamajoni omzimba.

Inceda ukuthintela isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha

U-Bhang unokunceda ukunciphisa isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.

I-THC -enye ye-cannabinoids eziphambili ezifumaneka kwi-bhang-ivunyiwe ukuba inyange isicaphucaphu kwezinye iindawo zaseMelika ().

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, anti-isicaphucaphu kunye neziphumo zokulwa nokugabha ziphandwe kakhulu kubantu abafumana ichemotherapy yomhlaza.

Kuphononongo lwezilingo ezingama-23 ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe (i-RCTs) -umgangatho wegolide kuphando-abantu abafumana i-chemotherapy yomhlaza banikwe iimveliso ezisekwe kwi-cannabis, iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ezichasene nesicaphucaphu, okanye indawo ye-placebo.

Abo banikwe iimveliso eziqulathe i-cannabis babesondele kathathu kunethuba lokufumana isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, xa kuthelekiswa nezo zinikwe indawo ye-placebo. Ngaphezulu, ezi mveliso zibonakala zisebenza njengeyeza eliqhelekileyo lokuthintela isicaphucaphu ().

Kwangokunjalo, olunye uphononongo luqwalasele ubungqina obomeleleyo bokuba ii-cannabinoids - ezona zinto ziphambili ezisebenzayo kwi-bhang-ziyasebenza ekunciphiseni isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, ngakumbi kubantu abadala abafumana i-chemotherapy ().

Okwangoku, ubungqina budibanisa ukusetyenziswa okungapheliyo kwe-cannabinoids kwiintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu esinganyangekiyo, kunye nokugabha okunzima kwabanye abantu. Oku kuhlala rhoqo kumadoda akwiminyaka ephakathi kwaye kungaphathwa ngokulula ngamayeza aqhelekileyo okulwa nesicaphucaphu ().

U-Bhang unokunceda ukunciphisa isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, ngakumbi ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zechemotherapy. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa nzima, kwexesha elide kunokunyusa isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kwabanye abantu.

Ngamana ukunciphisa iintlungu

Ukunciphisa iintlungu yenye yezona zinto ziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa amayeza kwiimveliso ze-cannabis njenge-bhang ().

Izifundo ezininzi zixhasa ukusebenza kwayo.

Umzekelo, uphononongo lwamva nje lwee-RCT ze-28 zixele ukuba ii-cannabinoids zisebenza ngokunyanga iintlungu ezingapheliyo kunye neentlungu zenkqubo ye-neva ().

Olunye uphononongo lwee-18 RCTs lufumanise ukuba ii-cannabinoids zinokusebenza ngakumbi ekunciphiseni iintlungu ezingapheliyo ezibangelwa yi-fibromyalgia kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis ().

Ukongeza, isifundo kubantu abangama-614 abaneentlungu ezingapheliyo babonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-65 zalabo basebenzise amayeza abelwe i-cannabinoids baxela ukuphuculwa kwentlungu ().

Iimveliso ze-Cannabis ezinjenge-bhang zinokusebenza ukunciphisa iintlungu, ngakumbi xa zibangelwa ziimeko ezifana ne-fibromyalgia kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis.

Ngamana unokunciphisa ukuxhamla kwemisipha kunye nokuxhuzula

I-Bhang inokukunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhamla kwemisipha kunye nokubanjwa.

Umzekelo, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba iimveliso ze-cannabis zinokunciphisa ukungqubana kwezihlunu kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis (MS), imeko yonyango echaphazela kakhulu ingqondo kunye nomqolo, okuhlala kubangela ukungqubana kwemisipha.

Iingxelo ezimbini zokuxela ukuba ii-cannabinoids - ezona zinto ziphambili ezisebenzayo kwi-bhang- zazisebenza ngakumbi kune-placebo ekunciphiseni ukungqubana kwezihlunu kubantu abane-MS (,).

Iimveliso ezisekwe kwi-Cannabis ezinje nge-bhang zinokusebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ukuxhuzula, ngakumbi kubantu abangaphenduliyo kolunye unyango ().

Uphengululo lwakutsha nje lwee-RCTs ezine lufumanise ukuba iimveliso eziqulathwe yi-CBD zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhuzula kubantwana abanoluhlobo lokuxhuzula (isifo sokuthimba) esinganyangekiyo kwiziyobisi ().

Kokunye ukuphononongwa, i-9 mg ye-CBD ngepawundi (i-20 mg nge-kg) yobunzima bomzimba ngosuku yayili-1.7 elisebenza ngakumbi kune-placebo ekunciphiseni inani lokubanjwa ngesiqingatha kubantu abanesathuthwane ().

Okwangoku, kufuneka uphando olongezelelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ezi ziphumo.

Imveliso esekwe kwi-Cannabis efana ne-bhang inokunciphisa i-spasms yemisipha kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis. Inokunciphisa inani lokubanjwa kwabantu abangaphenduliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo.

Ezinye izibonelelo ezinokubakho

U-Bhang unokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezongezelelweyo ngokunjalo. Eyona nto iphandwe kakuhle ibandakanya:

• Ngamana unokunika ukhuseleko kumhlaza. Ityhubhu yovavanyo kunye nezifundo zezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba ii-cannabinoids zinokutshabalalisa okanye zinciphise ukusasazeka kweeseli ezithile zomhlaza ().
• Ngamana unokuphucula ukulala. U-Bhang unokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokulala okubangelwa kukungalali kakuhle, iintlungu ezingapheliyo, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo kunye nefibromyalgia ().
• Ngamana unokunciphisa ukudumba. Ityhubhu yovavanyo kunye nezifundo zezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba iikhompawundi kwi-bhang zinokunciphisa ukudumba okuqhelekileyo kwizifo ezininzi (,).
• Unokwandisa ukutya. Ukonyuka kokutya ukutya yenye yezona zinto zichaphazelekayo kubhang. Oku kunokuba yinzuzo kwabo bazama ukutyeba okanye ukubugcina-kodwa banokuthathwa njengobubi kwabanye (,).

U-Bhang ngamanye amaxesha ukhuthazwa njengeyeza kunyango lweemeko ezininzi zempilo, kubandakanya uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo (PTSD), isifo seTourette's, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, isifo sesisu (IBS), iParkinson's, kunye neschizophrenia.

Nangona kunjalo, abukho ubungqina obaneleyo benzululwazi obuxhasa ezi zibonelelo, kwaye kufuneka uphando oluninzi ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe izigqibo ezinamandla ().

Kukho ubungqina obuvelayo bokuba i-bhang inokunika ukhuseleko kumhlaza, ukunciphisa ukudumba, kunye nokuphucula ukulala kunye nokutya. Okwangoku, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka.

Imingcipheko enokwenzeka

Nangona inokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezithile, i-bhang ikwanemingcipheko ethile yezempilo.

Kuyaziwa kakhulu ngokubangela iimvakalelo zovuyo, kodwa i-bhang inokubangela uloyiko, uloyiko, okanye uxinzelelo kwabanye abantu ().

Kwaye ngenxa yeempembelelo zengqondo, inokunciphisa inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokugweba, kunye nokukhuthaza i-paranoia okanye i-psychosis xa ityiwe ngeedosi eziphezulu ().

UBhang kunye nezinye iimveliso ze-cannabis kufuneka zithintelwe ngabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo-ngaphandle kokuba kumiselwe njengonyango.

Ukusetyenziswa okunzima okanye kwexesha elide kwe-bhang-ngakumbi xa kutyiwa usemncinci-kunokutshintsha ukukhula kwengqondo, kwandise amaqondo okuyeka esikolweni, kunye nolwaneliseko lobomi olusezantsi.

Iimveliso ze-Cannabis zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka okuthile, njengokudakumba kunye ne-schizophrenia-ngakumbi kubantu abasemngciphekweni wokukhula kwezi meko ().

Ngapha koko, ukuyitya ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye xa uncancisa kungonyusa umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, ubunzima bokuzalwa okuphantsi, kunye nokukhula kwengqondo okugwenxa kusana. Ke ngoko, iingcali ziyakudimaza ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwezi zihlandlo (,).

Okokugqibela, ukusebenzisa i-bhang njengokutya okanye isiselo kunciphisa ukufunxeka kwayo, okunokwenza ukuba kube nzima ukugweba kunye nokuhlengahlengisa ukutya kwakho. Oku kunokuwonyusa umngcipheko wokuthatha kakhulu-kubangele ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungafaniyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi, kunye nokudideka ().

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-bhang kuthwala umngcipheko ohlukeneyo. Akukhuthazwa ebuntwaneni nasebusheni, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngelixa unesi, okanye ukusetyenziswa kubantu abasemngciphekweni wemicimbi ethile yezempilo enje ngokudakumba.

Umgca wezantsi

Bhang, isincamathelisi esenziwe ngamagqabi kunye namagqabi e I-Cannabis sativa isityalo, songezwa ngokutya nasekuselweni.

Njengezinye iimveliso ze-cannabis, inokubonelela ngezibonelelo, ezinjengokuzikhusela kwintlungu, ukuxhamla kwezihlunu, ukuxhuzula, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.

Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kukwafaka umngcipheko. I-Bhang kufuneka ithintelwe ngabantu abanemicimbi ethile yezempilo okanye ngexesha lobomi obusemngciphekweni, njengasebuntwaneni, kwinqanaba lokufikisa, ekukhulelweni, kwaye ngelixa unesi.

Ngaphezu koko, imeko esemthethweni ye-cannabis kunye neemveliso ezivela kwisityalo ziyahluka phakathi kwamazwe namazwe. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uziqhelanise nemithetho esebenzayo kwindawo yakho ngaphambi kokuzama i-bhang okanye ezinye iimveliso ze-cannabis.