Ndazi njani ukuba ndinesi sifo sombefu (kuvavanyo kwaye ndazi njani ukuba sinzima)

Umxholo

• 1. Uvavanyo lwezonyango
• Yintoni onokumxelela ngayo ugqirha kuvavanyo
• 2. Iimviwo
• Iikhrayitheriya zokufumanisa isifo sombefu
• Ungabazi njani ubuzaza besifuba

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sombefu kwenziwa ngugulmonologist okanye i-immunoallergologist kuvavanyo lweempawu ezivezwe ngumntu, njengokukhohlela kakhulu, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nokuxinana esifubeni, umzekelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, luvavanyo lweempawu kuphela olwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa isifo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imbali yosapho yesifuba okanye i-aleji.

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha angabonisa nokusebenza kwezinye iimvavanyo ukuze ajonge ubungqongqo besifuba, njengoko oku kunokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha abonise olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

1. Uvavanyo lwezonyango

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwesifo se-asthma kwenziwa ngugqirha ngokuvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe ngumntu, ukongeza kuvavanyo lwembali yosapho kunye nobukho bokungabikho komzimba, umzekelo. Ke, iimpawu ezinokukunceda ukuqinisekisa isifo se-asthma zezi:

• Ukukhwehlela okukhulu;
• Ukubila xa uphefumla;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci;
• Imvakalelo "yokuqina esifubeni";
• Kunzima ukugcwalisa imiphunga yakho ngomoya.

Uhlaselo lwesifo sombefu nalo ludla ngokuhamba rhoqo ebusuku kwaye kunokubangela ukuba umntu avuke ebuthongweni. Nangona kunjalo, zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na elinye ixesha losuku, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokubangela. Khangela ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zibonise isifuba.

Yintoni onokumxelela ngayo ugqirha kuvavanyo

Olunye ulwazi olunokunceda ugqirha ukuba afike kuxilongo ngokukhawuleza, ukongeza kwiimpawu, kubandakanya ubude beengxaki, ukuphindaphinda, amandla, into eyenziwayo ngalo mzuzu xa kwavela iimpawu zokuqala, ukuba zikhona ezinye abantu kusapho abane-asthma kwaye ukuba kukho ukuphucuka kweempawu emva kokuthatha uhlobo oluthile lonyango.

2. Iimviwo

Nangona kwiimeko ezininzi isifo sombefu sifunyanwa kuphela ngokuvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu ezibonisiweyo, kuyabonakaliswa kwezinye iimeko ukwenza uvavanyo, ikakhulu ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ubungqongqo besifo.

Ke, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lubonakaliswe kwimeko yesifuba i-spirometry, ejolise ekuchongeni ubukho bokuncipha kwe-bronchi, exhaphakileyo kwisifo sombefu, ngokuvavanya ubungakanani bomoya onokukhutshwa emva kokuphefumla nzulu kunye nendlela ekhawuleza ngayo umoya uyagxothwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, iziphumo zolu vavanyo zibonisa ukwehla kwexabiso le-FEV, FEP nakwi-FEV / FVC ratio. Funda kabanzi malunga nendlela i-spirometry eyenziwa ngayo.

Emva kokwenza uvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye ne-spirometry, ugqirha unokuphinda asebenzise ezinye iimvavanyo, ezinje:

• I-X-ray yesifuba;
• Uvavanyo lwegazi;
• Itomography ebhaliweyo.

Ezi mviwo azisoloko zisetyenziswa, njengoko zisebenza ngakumbi ukufumana ezinye iingxaki zemiphunga, ezinje nge-pneumonia okanye i-pneumothorax, umzekelo.

Iikhrayitheriya zokufumanisa isifo sombefu

Ukwenza isifo se-asthma, ugqirha ngokubanzi uxhomekeke kwezi paramitha zilandelayo:

• Ukuboniswa kolunye okanye nangaphezulu iimpawu zesifuba ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci, ukukhohlela ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-3, ukubila xa uphefumla, ukuqina okanye iintlungu esifubeni, ngakumbi ebusuku okanye ngentsasa yokuqala;
• Iziphumo ezincumisayo kuvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo sombefu;
• Ukuphuculwa kweempawu emva kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zesifuba ezifana ne-bronchodilators okanye iziyobisi ezichasayo, umzekelo;
• Ubukho be-3 okanye iziqendu ezingaphezulu zokukhala xa uphefumla kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo;
• Imbali yosapho yesifo sombefu;
• Ukukhutshwa kwezinye izifo ezifana nokuphefumla ubuthongo, i-bronchiolitis okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo, umzekelo.

Emva kokuba ugqirha efumanise isifo se-asthma esebenzisa ezi paramitha, ubungqongqo kunye nohlobo lwe-asthma lumiselwe, kwaye ke, unyango olulungele umntu lungabonakaliswa.

Ungabazi njani ubuzaza besifuba

Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye naphambi kokucebisa unyango, ugqirha kufuneka achonge ubungqongqo beempawu kwaye aqonde ezinye zezinto ezibonakala zikhokelela ekuqalekeni kweempawu. Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlengahlengise ngcono iidosi zamayeza kunye nohlobo lwamayeza asetyenzisiweyo.

Ubungqongqo be-asthma bunokuhlelwa ngokokuhamba rhoqo kunye nokuqina kweempawu ezibonakala ngazo:

Ngokobuzaza besifuba, ugqirha ukhokela unyango olufanelekileyo oluhlala lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza esifuba anje ngokuthomalalisa kunye nokunyanga i-bronchodilator. Bona ezinye iinkcukacha ngonyango lwesifuba.

Izinto ezihlala zinegalelo kuhlaselo lwesifuba kubandakanya usulelo lokuphefumla, utshintsho lwemozulu, uthuli, ukungunda, ezinye izicwili okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza. Ngexesha lonyango kubalulekile ukunqanda izinto ezichongiweyo ukunqanda ukubonakala kweengxaki ezintsha kwaye kunciphise ubungakanani beempawu xa zivela.

Nangona ezinye izinto ezivuselelayo zinokuchongwa ngexesha lokuchongwa, ezinye zinokuchongwa kule minyaka idlulileyo, kuhlala kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha.