Litsalwa Njani Igazi? Yintoni Ongayilindela

Umxholo

• Ngaphambi komzobo
• Inkqubo
• Uhlala njani uzolile
• Imiphumela
• Emva kokutsalwa kwegazi
• Kubaboneleli: Yintoni eyenza ukutsalwa kwegazi okungcono?
• Umgca wezantsi

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngaxa lithile ebomini bakho, uya kuba negazi elitsalwayo nokuba loluvavanyo lonyango okanye ukunikela ngegazi. Inkqubo yale nkqubo iyafana kwaye ihlala ibuhlungu kakhulu kunokuba abantu becinga.

Funda ukuze ufumane ukuba ungazilungiselela njani ukutsalwa kwegazi okulandelayo. Ukuba ungugqirha kwezonyango, siza kunika iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokuphucula iindlela zokudweba igazi.

Ngaphambi komzobo

Ngaphambi kokuba utsale igazi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kuya kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo ekhethekileyo ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho.

Umzekelo, ezinye iimvavanyo zifuna ukuba ukhawuleze (ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na) ixesha elithile. Abanye abafuni ukuba uzile ukutya konke konke.

Ukuba awunayo nayiphi na imiyalelo ekhethekileyo ngaphandle kwexesha lokufika, kusekho amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuzama ukwenza le nkqubo ibe lula:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi phambi kwedinga lakho. Xa unkcenkceshelwe, umthamo wegazi lakho uyenyuka, kwaye imithambo yakho iyachuma kwaye kulula ukufikelela kuyo.
• Yitya isidlo esisempilweni ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Ukukhetha enye eneprotein eninzi kunye nee-carbohydrate ezigcweleyo kunokuthintela ekubeni uzive ukhaphukhaphu emva kokunika igazi.
• Nxiba ihempe enemikhono emifutshane okanye iileya. Oku kwenza ukufikelela kwimithambo yakho kube lula.
• Ukuyeka ukuthatha iasprini ubuncinci iintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba utsale igazi lakho ukuba unikela ngeeplatelets.

Unganqwenela ukukhankanya ukuba unengalo oyikhethileyo umntu anokutsala kuyo igazi. Oku kunokuba yingalo yakho engaziwayo okanye indawo apho uyazi ukuba umntu othatha igazi lakho uye waphumelela ngaphambili.

Inkqubo

Ixesha elithathwayo ukuthathwa kwegazi lihlala lixhomekeke kubungakanani begazi elifunekayo.

Umzekelo, ukunikela ngegazi kungathatha malunga nemizuzu eli-10, ngelixa ukufumana intwana yegazi kwisampulu kunokuthatha nje imizuzwana embalwa.

Ngelixa le nkqubo isenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ngubani otsala igazi kwaye ngayiphi injongo, umntu owenza ukutsalwa kwegazi uyakulandela le nkqubo ngokubanzi:

• Cela ukuba ubhentsise ingalo enye, emva koko ubeke ibhendi eyomeleleyo e-elastic eyaziwa njenge-tourniquet ejikeleze elo lungu. Oku kwenza ukuba imithambo ibuye negazi kwaye kube lula ukuyichonga.
• Chonga umthambo obonakala kulula ukufikelela kuwo, ngakumbi umthambo omkhulu, obonakalayo. Banokuziva ngathi umthambo ukuvavanya imida kunye nokuba inokuba nkulu kangakanani.
• Coca umthambo ekujoliswe kuwo ngephedi yotywala okanye enye indlela yokucoca. Kungenzeka ukuba babe nobunzima bokufikelela kumthambo xa befaka inaliti. Ukuba kunjalo, banokufuna ukuzama omnye umthambo.
• Faka inaliti ngempumelelo kulusu ukufikelela emthanjeni. Inaliti ihlala iqhagamshelwe kwimibhobho ekhethekileyo okanye isirinji ukuqokelela igazi.
• Khupha i-tourniquet kwaye ususe inaliti engalweni, usebenzise uxinzelelo olunobunono nge-gauze okanye ngebhandeji ukunqanda ukopha ngakumbi. Umntu otsala igazi uya kuyigubungela indawo yokubhoboza ngebhanti.

Ezinye iintlobo zemveliso yegazi zinokuthatha ixesha elide ukunikela. Oku kuyinyani kuhlobo olukhethekileyo lomnikelo wegazi owaziwa ngokuba yiapheresis. Umntu onikela ngale ndlela unikezela ngegazi elinokwahlulwa libe ngamacandelo athile, njengeeplatelets okanye iplasma.

Uhlala njani uzolile

Ngelixa ukutsala igazi kufanelekile ukuba kube ngamava akhawulezayo kwaye kubuhlungu, kunokwenzeka ukuba abanye abantu bazive benoloyiko malunga nokubambeka ngenaliti okanye ukubona igazi labo.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokunciphisa ezi mpendulo kwaye uhlale uzolile:

• Gxila ekuthatheni okunzulu, okuphefumlayo okupheleleyo ngaphambi kokutsalwa kwegazi. Ngokugxila ekuphefumlweni kwakho, unokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwengqondo kwaye uphumle ngokwendalo umzimba wakho.
• Thatha ii-headphone zakho umamele umculo ngaphambi nangexesha lokuzoba. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uvimbe indawo enokuthi ikwenze uzive usoyika.
• Ngaba umntu othatha igazi lakho akuxelele ukuba ujonge kude ngaphambi kokuba eze nenaliti ecaleni kwengalo yakho.
• Buza ukuba zikhona na izixhobo okanye iindlela umntu anokusebenzisa igazi anokuzisebenzisa ukunciphisa ukungonwabi. Umzekelo, amanye amaziko aya kusebenzisa ii-creams ezi-numbing okanye inaliti encinci ye-lidocaine (i-anesthetic yendawo) ngaphambi kokufaka inaliti emthanjeni. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukungonwabi.
• Sebenzisa isixhobo esinjengeBuzzy, isixhobo esincinci esingcangcazelayo esingabekwa kufutshane nesinceda ukunciphisa ukungonwabi kokufakwa kwenaliti.

Umntu otsala igazi lakho kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe wabona abantu abanovalo malunga nokutsalwa igazi labo ngaphambili. Chaza iinkxalabo zakho, kwaye banokukunceda uhambe ngento onokuyilindela.

Imiphumela

Uninzi lwegazi lutsala iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nakho oku kulandelayo:

• ukopha
• ukugruzuka
• Ubumhlophe (ngakumbi emva kokunikela ngegazi)
• irhashalala
• ukucaphuka kolusu kwi-tape okanye kwi-adhesive kwi-bandage efakwe
• Ukukhathazeka

Uninzi lwezi luya kuncipha ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukuba usafumana ukopha kwindawo yokubhoboza, zama ukubamba uxinzelelo nge-gauze ecocekileyo neyomileyo okungenani imizuzu emihlanu. Ukuba isiza siyaqhubeka sopha kwaye simanzise iibhandeji, jonga ugqirha.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ubonane nogqirha ukuba ufumana ukubetha kwegazi okukhulu okwaziwa ngokuba yihematoma kwindawo yokubhoboza. I-hematoma enkulu inokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwizicubu. Nangona kunjalo, iihematomas ezincinci (ezingaphantsi kobukhulu be-dime) zihlala zihamba ngokwazo kunye nexesha.

Emva kokutsalwa kwegazi

Nokuba sele ukhe watsalwa ligazi, kukho amanyathelo onokuthi uwalandele ukuphucula indlela oziva ngayo emva koko:

• Gcina i-bandage yakho kwixabiso lexesha elinconyelweyo (ngaphandle kokuba ufumana ulusu kwindawo yokuhlatywa). Oku kuhlala ubuncinci iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokutsalwa kwegazi. Kuya kufuneka uyishiye ixesha elide ukuba uthatha amayeza okucoca igazi.
• Yeka ukwenza nawuphi na umthambo owomeleleyo, onokuthi ukhuthaze ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye kunokubangela ukopha kwisiza.
• Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo ngentsimbi, okufana nemifuno eluhlaza enamagqabi okanye iinkozo ezenziwe ngentsimbi. Ezi zinokunceda ukuzalisa iivenkile zentsimbi ezilahlekileyo ukuze wakhe ukubuyiselwa kwegazi lakho.
• Faka ipakethe yomkhenkce egqunywe ngelaphu engalweni okanye esandleni sakho ukuba unesihlungu okanye ukrunekile kwindawo yokuhlatywa.
• I-snack ngokutya okunyusa amandla, njengeshizi kunye nabaqhekezi kunye nenxalenye yamandongomane, okanye isiqingatha sesandwich yesetkey.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ozixhalabeleyo aziqhelekanga, tsalela ugqirha wakho okanye indawo eyakhe igazi lakho.

Kubaboneleli: Yintoni eyenza ukutsalwa kwegazi okungcono?

• Buza loo mntu utsalwa ligazi ukuba zithomalalisa njani iindlela zakhe. Umzekelo, abanye abantu bayazuza ngokwazi inyathelo ngalinye, ngelixa abanye befumanisa ukuba banovalo ngakumbi. Ukufumana eyona ndlela yokunxibelelana nomntu kunokunceda.
• Soloko ujonga nakuphi na ukungahambi komzimba ngaphambi kokwenza umzobo. Umntu unokungahambelani ne-latex kwi-tourniquet okanye kwi-bandage kunye nezinto zeesepha ezithile ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca indawo. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa ukungonwabi.
• Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuqheleka kwengalo kunye nesandla xa kufikwa kwimithambo. Umzekelo, abantu abaninzi abenza ukutsalwa kwegazi bayakwenza njalo kwingingqi ye-antecubital yengalo (ngaphakathi kwengalo) apho kukho imithambo emikhulu emininzi.
• Vavanya ingalo ngaphambi kokufaka ityelelo lokhenketho ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba ikhona na imithambo esele ibonakele. Khangela iimvumba ezibonakala ngathi zichanekileyo ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-hematoma.
• Faka isicelo sokhenketho ubuncinci iisentimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 ngaphezulu kwesiza ukuze kuhlatywe. Zama ukungashiyi ityelelo lokhenketho ixesha elingaphezulu kwemizuzu emibini kuba oku kunokubangela ukuba ndindisholo kunye nokubetha engalweni.
• Gcina isikhumba sijikeleze umthambo. Oku kunceda ukugcina umthambo ungashukumi okanye uqondise kwakhona njengoko ufaka inaliti.
• Cela loo mntu enze inqindi. Oku kunokwenza imithambo ibonakale ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ukumpompa inqindi akusebenzi kuba akukho gazi lingena kuloo ndawo xa sele usebenzise ityelelo.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukutsalwa kwegazi kunye nokunikelwa kwegazi kufanele ukuba kube yinkqubo encinci engenazintlungu eneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.

Ukuba unomdla wokunikela ngegazi, cinga ukunxibelelana nesibhedlele esikufutshane nawe okanye iAmerican Red Cross, enokukuhambisa kwindawo yokunikela ngegazi.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye inkqubo ngokwayo, yabelana ngalo mntu uthatha igazi lakho. Zininzi iindlela zokuthomalalisa imithambo-luvo kunye nokwenza inkqubo igudile xa iyonke.