Zithini Ukuphuza iincukuthu? Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukwanga bugs?
• Kubonakala ngathi i-bug bite yokuluma ijongeka kanjani?
• Umngcipheko wokuncamisana nokulunywa ziimpazamo
• Impendulo enamandla kakhulu
• Isifo seChagas
• Ukuphuza i-bug kuluma unyango
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ungakuthintela njani ukwanga iigciwane
• Ukubonakala kwebug
• Yise kude

Yintoni ukwanga bugs?

Igama labo lesinambuzane zii-triatomines, kodwa abantu bababiza ngokuba "kukuncamisa iincukuthu" ngesizathu esingathandekiyo- badla ngokuluma abantu ebusweni.

Ukuphuza iibhugi kuthwala i-parasite ebizwa ngokuba yi-Trypanosoma cruzi. Bathatha esi sifunxi-gazi ngokutyisa umntu osulelekileyo okanye isilwanyana. Isidleleli ke sihlala emathunjini ebugs kissing kunye nelindle.

Ukuba ilindle eliqulethwe yile nto lingena emzimbeni wakho, uyosuleleka. Usulelo lubizwa ngokuba sisifo seChagas.

Ukuphuza iibhugi kusebusuku. Oku kuthetha ukuba ziyaphuma ebusuku ziyokutya. Ngokuqhelekileyo umntu ulele, kwaye ukuluma akulimazi. Usenokungazi nokuba ulunywe.

Ukuphuza iibhugi ngokuluma amathe anepropathi ye-anesthetic kulusu. Ngokwesiqhelo ithatha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ukuze ibug iphe. Ibug inokuluma naphi na ukusuka kumaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwali-15. Ngokwesiqhelo, ibug iyakuluma umntu ebusweni.

Kubonakala ngathi i-bug bite yokuluma ijongeka kanjani?

Uninzi lwabantu alunasiphendu solusu xa ibug ibanga ibaluma. Ukuluma kukhangeleka njengayo nayiphi na into yokuluma i-bug ngaphandle kokuba kuhlala kukho isiqwenga sokulunywa kunye kwindawo enye.

Abantu abanolwazelelelo kumathe egciwane, banokufumana impendulo kulumko. Oku kuhlala kurhawuzelela nje kancinci, ukuba bomvu kunye nokudumba, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukulunywa yi-bug bite kubangela ukusabela okungalunganga.

Ukuba wosulelwe sisifo seTrypanosoma cruzi parasite, indawo encinci yokubomvu kunye nokudumba okuziva kunzima, okubizwa ngokuba yi-chagoma, kunokubakho kwindawo yokuluma kwiveki okanye ezimbini emva kokulunywa. Ukuba ilindle lencukuthu lithe lahlikihla ngengozi iliso okanye ukuluma kufutshane nenye, ukudumba okungafaniyo okujikeleze iliso, okwaziwa ngokuba luphawu lukaRomena, kunokwenzeka.

Umngcipheko wokuncamisana nokulunywa ziimpazamo

Impendulo enamandla kakhulu

Abanye abantu bafumana i-anaphylaxis emva kokulunywa. Oku kuyisongelo esisongela ubomi esiza ngokukhawuleza. Inokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kumanqanaba ayingozi. Ifuna unyango kwangoko.

Isifo seChagas

Isifo seChagas sihlala eMexico, kuMbindi Merika, nase Mzantsi Melika. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC), ukuya kuthi ga kwezi ndawo banosulelo.

I-CDC iqikelela ukuba abantu baseMelika bane-parasite. Kukho ukwanga iibugs kumazwe akumazantsi kodwa kunqabile ukuba ezi bugs zidlulise i-parasite. Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seChagas eUnited States bosulelekile kwiindawo ezixhaphakileyo.

Isifo se-Chagas sisifo esibuhlungu sokuncanciswa kwencukuthu. Kubangelwa ukosulelwa sisifunxi-gazi ekuthiwa yiTrypanosoma cruzi esihlala emathunjini ebugsups kunye nelindle. Asingabo bonke abantu abalunywe kukumanga iibugs abafumana isifo seChagas. Kungenxa yokuba ufumana esi sifo kuphela ukuba ilindle elosulelekileyo eliphuma kwisidleleli lingena emzimbeni wakho.

Emva kokuba i-buging kissing ityile kwaye itya igazi lomntu, ukuphuza iibhugi kuya kuzikhupha. Usulelo lunokwenzeka ukuba ilindle lingena emzimbeni ngeempumlo zomlomo okanye ngamehlo okanye nakuphi na ukuvuleka kolusu. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uyakrweca okanye uchukumise ukuluma kwaye ngengozi udlulisele ilindle. Ilindle linokungena ngokuluma. Ukukhuhla okanye ukurabha ukuluma kwandisa amathuba okuba kwenzeke.

Iiveki zokuqala zosulelo zizinto ezaziwa ngokuba sisigaba esibukhali. Uninzi lwabantu alunazimpawu okanye zimpawu ezinqabileyo ezinje ngomkhuhlane. Oku kunokubandakanya umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, irhashalala kunye nokudumba kwamadlala. Iimpawu zisabela kwinani eliphezulu leeparasites ezijikeleza egazini.

Iimpawu ziyaphucuka ngaphandle konyango njengoko inani lama-parasites egazini lincipha. Esi sisigaba esingapheliyo. Isidleleleli sisesemzimbeni, kodwa uninzi lwabantu alusenazo iimpawu.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokuka, kuqikelelwa kuma-20 ukuya kuma-30 epesenti yabantu abanesifo sikaChagas abanamava esifo kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-25 kamva. Iimpawu zinzima kwaye zingasongela ubomi. Banokubandakanya:

• isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga esinokukhokelela ekufeni ngequbuliso
• i-cardiomyopathy okanye intliziyo eyandisiweyo
• ukuxutywa kwe-esophagus (megaesophagus) kunye nekholoni (megacolon).

Ukuba uphathwe kwangoko, isigaba esinganyangekiyo sinokuthintelwa. Kubalulekile ukuba ufune unyango kwangoko ukuba ucinga ukuba i-bugs ekuncamisayo ikulume kuba akukho lunyango lwesifo se-Chagas nje ukuba sibe sisifo esingapheliyo.

Ukuphuza i-bug kuluma unyango

Ukuba ugqirha ukufumanisa ukuba unesifo se-Chagas, banokukunika amayeza antiparasite njenge-benznidazole kunye ne-nifurtimox. Kwaye azifumaneki ngokulula.

• Benznidazole. Eli yeza livunyiwe yi-FDA yabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwezi-12.
• Iifayile. Le ayivunywa yi-FDA. Inokufumaneka kwi-CDC njengesiyobisi sophando.

Isifo seChagas kufuneka sinyangwe kwangoko. Nje ukuba isifo sifike kwisigaba esinganyangekiyo, amayeza akasayi kunyanga

Amayeza e-Antiparasitic anikwa nawuphina umntu okwisigaba esibuhlungu ukuba abulale ii-parasites kwaye ayeke isifo ukuba singanyangeki. Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha kunikwa abantu kwisigaba esingapheliyo.

Amayeza awakwazi ukusinyanga esi sifo emva kokuba esi sifo singanyangeki, kodwa sinokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwaye sincede ukuphepha iingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Abantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo ekufuneka befumene unyango ngaba:

• nabani na ongaphantsi kwe-18
• nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 ongenayo i-cardiomyopathy

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba:

• hlala kwisiqingatha esisemazantsi e-United States, kuMbindi Merika, eMexico, okanye eMzantsi Melika kwaye ulume izinambuzane ezidibeneyo emzimbeni wakho, ngakumbi ubuso bakho
• ndibone ukuncamisana kweebugs ekhayeni lakho (jonga iifoto ezingezantsi)
• bafumana iimpawu ezinokubangelwa sisifo sikaChagas

Ungakuthintela njani ukwanga iigciwane

Emini, ukwanga iibugs zihlala zihlala eludakeni, kumququ nakwi-adobe. Ezi zinto zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwakha amakhaya kwiindawo ezihlala zihlala eMexico, eMzantsi Melika naseLatin America. Ukuba undwendwela ezi ndawo, zama ukunqanda ukulala kwizakhiwo ezenziwe zezi zinto. Ukuba ulala kuzo, yenza oku kulandelayo:

• yungqonge ibhedi yakho kunye nenethi efakwe izinambuzane
• tshiza izinambuzane zokubulala izinambuzane kuloo ndawo
• galela i-bug spray rhoqo

Ukuba uhlala eMazantsi eUnited States kwaye ubona iibugs ezincamisayo:

• tywina iintanda kunye nemingxunya ekhayeni lakho ene-silicone esekwe kwi-caulk
• lungisa nayiphi na imingxunya okanye umonakalo kwizikrini zefestile
• susa inkunkuma okanye amagqabi ngaphakathi kweenyawo ezingama-20 zekhaya
• banezilwanyana zasekhaya ezilala ezindlwini ukugcina izinambuzane zingazilumi ebusuku kwaye zisasaze intsholongwane ebantwini
• zicoce zonke iindawo ngeblitshi okanye isisombululo sokubulala izinambuzane

Umtshabalalisi oqeqeshiweyo angazibulala iibugs ezincamisayo ukuba uzibonile ekhayeni lakho. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ubona i-kissing bug, zama ukuyibamba ngelixa unxibe iiglavu okanye ngesikhongozeli. Ungayichukumisi i-bug ngqo kwaye ucoce yonke indawo ngesisombululo se-bleach ukuba ubonile ukuncamisa iibhugi ekhayeni lakho.

Ukubonakala kwebug

Ukuphuza iibhugi kunokufana nezinye iibugs ezikhoyo eMelika, ezinje nge-Western corsair, i-foot-footed bug kunye ne-wheel bug. Imiba ephambili yokubonakala kwebug kissing ibandakanya:

• intloko ezimilise okoni
• Umzimba omde omile okweqanda kunye neempondo
• malunga ne-0.5 ukuya kwi-intshi enye ubude
• umbala omdaka emzimbeni omnyama (ezinye iibhugi zinokuphawulwa okumthubi, obomvu, okanye okumnyama emzimbeni wazo)
• imilenze emithandathu

Yise kude

Ukuphuza iibhugi akusoloko kubangela isifo se-Chagas, kodwa ukuba ucinga ukuba ulunywe, jonga ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Unyango lwakwangoko lubalulekile ekuthinteleni isifo seChagas ukuba singafikeleli kwinqanaba elingapheliyo.

Ukugcina ikhaya lakho lingenasiphene kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ukuba uyaluma okanye iimpawu zesifo sikaChagas kunokukunceda uhlale usempilweni kangangoko.