Uvavanyo lwe-Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB)

Umxholo

• Zithini iimvavanyo ze-acid-fast bacillus (AFB)?
• Zenzelwe ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AFB?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwe-AFB?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kwe-AFB?
• Izalathiso

Zithini iimvavanyo ze-acid-fast bacillus (AFB)?

I-bacillus ekhawulezayo ene-Acid (AFB) luhlobo lweebhaktiriya ezibangela isifo sephepha kunye nolunye usulelo. Isifo sephepha, esaziwa njenge-TB, sisifo esosulelayo esihlasela imiphunga. Inokuchaphazela namanye amalungu omzimba, kubandakanya ingqondo, umqolo kunye nezintso. Isifo sephepha sisasazeka komnye umntu ngokukhohlela okanye ukuthimla.

I-TB isenokungabonakali okanye isebenze. Ukuba une-TB efihlakeleyo, uyakuba neebhaktiriya ze-TB emzimbeni wakho kodwa awuyi kuziva ugula kwaye awunako ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Ukuba une-TB esebenzayo, uya kuba neempawu zesifo kwaye ungasasaza usulelo kwabanye.

Uvavanyo lwe-AFB luhlala lu-odolwa kubantu abaneempawu zesifo sephepha. Uvavanyo lukhangela ubukho beentsholongwane ze-AFB kwisikhohlela sakho. Isikhohlela yincindi eshinyeneyo ekhohlela isuka kwimiphunga. Yahlukile kumathe okanye amathe.

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zovavanyo lwe-AFB:

• Ukuthambisa i-AFB. Kolu vavanyo, isampulu yakho "ithanjisiwe" kwisilayidi seglasi kwaye wajonga phantsi kwemicroscope. Inokubonelela ngeziphumo kwiintsuku ezi-1-2. Ezi ziphumo zingabonisa usulelo olunokwenzeka okanye olunokwenzeka, kodwa alunakho ukubonelela ngoxilongo oluchanekileyo.
• Inkcubeko ye-AFB. Kolu vavanyo, isampulu yakho ithathwa ilebhu kwaye ibekwa kwindawo ekhethekileyo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweentsholongwane. Inkcubeko ye-AFB inokuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuxilongwa kwe-TB okanye olunye usulelo. Kodwa kuthabatha iiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ukukhula ngokwaneleyo kwintsholongwane.

Amanye amagama: i-AFB smear kunye nenkcubeko, inkcubeko ye-TB kunye novakalelo, i-mycobacteria smear kunye nenkcubeko

Zenzelwe ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwe-AFB luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa usulelo olusebenzayo lwesifo sephepha (i-TB). Zingasetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni ezinye iintlobo zosulelo lwe-AFB. Oku kubandakanya:

• Iqhenqa, isifo ekhe sisoyikwa, kodwa sinqabile kwaye sinyangeka ngokulula esichaphazela imithambo-luvo, amehlo nolusu. Ulusu ludla ngokuba bomvu lubemdaka, luphele tu kwaphela.
• Usulelo olufana ne-TB oluchaphazela kakhulu abantu abane-HIV / AIDS kunye nabanye abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Iimvavanyo ze-AFB zisenokusetyenziselwa abantu esele befunyaniswe benesifo sephepha. Iimvavanyo zingabonisa ukuba ngaba unyango luyasebenza, nokuba ingaba usulelo lusenokusasazeka na kwabanye.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AFB?

Ungadinga uvavanyo lwe-AFB ukuba uneempawu ze-TB esebenzayo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Isikhohlela esihlala iiveki ezintathu nangaphezulu
• Ukukhohlela igazi kunye / okanye isikhohlela
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ifiva
• Ukudinwa
• Ukubila ebusuku
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima obungachazwanga

I-TB esebenzayo inokubangela iimpawu kwamanye amalungu omzimba ngaphandle kwemiphunga. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo. Ke unokufuna uvavanyo ukuba unayo:

• Umqolo obuhlungu
• Igazi kumchamo wakho
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu edibeneyo
• Ubuthathaka

Unokufuna uvavanyo ukuba unemingcipheko ethile. Unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-TB ukuba:

• Unxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nomntu oye wafumanisa ukuba une-TB
• Yiba ne-HIV okanye esinye isifo esenza buthathaka amajoni akho omzimba
• Hlala okanye usebenze kwindawo enezinga eliphezulu losulelo lwe-TB. Oku kubandakanya iindawo zokuhlala ezingenamakhaya, amakhaya abalupheleyo kunye neentolongo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwe-AFB?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kufuna isampuli yesikhohlela sakho zombini i-AFB smear kunye nenkcubeko ye-AFB. Ezi mvavanyo zimbini zihlala zenziwa ngexesha elinye. Ukufumana iisampulu zesikhohlela:

• Uya kucelwa ukuba ukhohlele kakhulu kwaye utshicele kwisitya esinyumba. Kuya kufuneka uyenze le kangangeentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu zilandelelana. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba isampuli yakho ineebhaktheriya ezaneleyo zokuvavanya.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokukhohlela isikhohlela esaneleyo, umboneleli wakho unokukucela ukuba uphefumlele inkungu yetyuwa engenazintsholongwane (ityuwa) enokukunceda ukuba ukhohlele nzulu.
• Ukuba akukwazi ukukhohlela isikhohlela esaneleyo, umboneleli wakho angenza inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-bronchoscopy. Kule nkqubo, uya kuqala ufumane amayeza ukuze ungaziva zintlungu. Emva koko, ityhubhu encinci, ekhanyisiweyo iya kufakwa emlonyeni okanye empumlweni nakwindlela yakho yomoya. Isampulu inokuqokelelwa ngokutsala okanye ngebrashi encinci.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awunawo amalungiselelo akhethekileyo e-smear ye-AFB okanye inkcubeko.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Akukho bungozi bokubonelela ngesampulu yesikhohlela ngokukhohlela kwisitya. Ukuba une-bronchoscopy, umqala wakho unokuziva ubuhlungu emva kwenkqubo. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wosulelo kunye nokopha kwindawo apho isampulu ithathwa khona.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho kwi-smear ye-AFB okanye inkcubeko bezingenayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba awunayo i-TB esebenzayo. Kodwa kunokuthetha ukuba kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo iibhaktheriya kwisampuli ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo enze ukuxilongwa.

Ukuba i-AFB smear yakho yayiqinisekile, oko kuthetha ukuba usenokuba une-TB okanye olunye usulelo, kodwa inkcubeko ye-AFB iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa isifo. Iziphumo zenkcubeko zinokuthatha iiveki ezininzi, ke umboneleli wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokunyanga usulelo lwakho okwangoku.

Ukuba inkcubeko yakho ye-AFB yayiqinisekile, oko kuthetha ukuba une-TB esebenzayo okanye olunye uhlobo losulelo lwe-AFB. Inkcubeko inokuchonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo losulelo onalo. Nje ukuba ufunyanisiwe, umboneleli wakho unoku-odola "uvavanyo lokuzimisela" kwisampulu yakho. Uvavanyo lokuchaphazeleka lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi na iyeza eliza kunika olona nyango lusebenzayo.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kwe-AFB?

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-TB inokubulala. Kodwa iimeko ezininzi ze-TB ziyanyangeka ukuba ngaba uthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane njengoko kuyalelwe ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ukunyanga i-TB kuthatha ixesha elide kunokunyanga ezinye iintlobo zentsholongwane. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa uthintela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, awusayi kusulela, kodwa usaya kuba une-TB. Ukunyanga i-TB, kufuneka uthathe i-antibiotics iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilithoba. Ubude bexesha buxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho iyonke, ubudala, kunye nezinye izinto. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ii-antibiotics ixesha elide njengoko umboneleli wakho ekuxelela, nangona uziva ungcono. Ukuma kwangoko kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lubuye.

Izalathiso

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2. Amaziko oLawulo noKuthintela iZifo [i-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: iSebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Usulelo lwe-TB oluseMva kunye neSifo se-TB; [icatshulwe ngo-Okthobha 4]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/tbinfectiondisease.htm
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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.