Umhlaza we-Ovarian

Umxholo

• Uphengululo lwe

Kunyaka ngamnye, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-25,000 abasetyhini abafunyaniswa benomhlaza we-ovari, owesihlanu unobangela wokufa komhlaza obangela ukusweleka ngaphezulu kwe-15,000 ngo-2008 kuphela. Nangona ihlasela abantu ababhinqileyo abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu, iipesenti ezili-10 zenzeka kubantu basetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40. Zikhusele ngoku.

Yintoni

Amaqanda, akwisinqe, ayinxalenye yenkqubo yokuzala yowasetyhini. Isibeleko ngasinye silingana nobungakanani beamangile. Ii-ovari zivelisa iihomoni zabasetyhini i-estrogen kunye neprogesterone. Zikhupha namaqanda. Iqanda lihamba lisuka kwi-ovary ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu yokuya kwisibeleko (isibeleko). Xa owasetyhini eyeka ukuya exesheni, amaqanda akhe ayayeka ukukhupha amaqanda kwaye enze amanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu eehomoni.

Uninzi lwee-ovarian zomhlaza zingama-ovarian epithelial carcinomas (umhlaza oqala kwiiseli ezikumphezulu we-ovary) okanye amathumba eentsholongwane eentsholongwane (umhlaza oqala kwiiseli zeqanda).

Umhlaza we-Ovarian unokuhlasela, uphalaze, okanye usasazeke kwamanye amalungu:

• Ithumba elibi le-ovari linokukhula kwaye lihlasele amalungu ecaleni kwee-ovari, ezinje ngee-fallopian tubes kunye nesibeleko.
• Iiseli zomhlaza zinokuphalaza (ziqhawule) kwithumba eliphambili le-ovarian. Ukuphalaza isisu kungakhokelela kwizidumbu ezitsha ezenziwa kumphezulu wamalungu akufutshane kunye nezicubu. Ugqirha usenokubiza ezi mbewu okanye izinto zokufakelwa.
• Iiseli zomhlaza zinokusasazeka ngenkqubo ye-lymphatic ukuya kwii-lymph node kwi-pelvis, esiswini nasesifubeni. Iiseli zomhlaza zinokusasazeka ngokuhamba kwegazi kumalungu afana nesibindi nemiphunga.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Oogqirha abanakusoloko bechaza ukuba kutheni omnye umfazi eba nomhlaza wesibeleko kwaye omnye akakwenzi. Nangona kunjalo, siyazi ukuba abasetyhini abanemeko ethile yomngcipheko banokubakho ngakumbi kunabanye ukuba babe nomhlaza we-ovari:

• Imbali yosapho yomhlaza Abasetyhini abanomama, intombi, okanye udade onomdlavuza we-ovarian banomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo. Kwakhona, abasetyhini abanembali yosapho yomhlaza webele, isibeleko, ikholon, okanye i-rectum banokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza we-ovari.
  
  Ukuba abafazi abaninzi kusapho banomhlaza we-ovari okanye webele, ngakumbi besebancinci, oku kuthathwa njengembali eyomeleleyo yosapho. Ukuba unembali eyomeleleyo yosapho ye-ovarian okanye yomhlaza wamabele, unganqwenela ukuthetha nomcebisi wemfuzo malunga nokuvavanywa kwakho kunye nabasetyhini kusapho lwakho.
  
• Imbali yobuqu yomhlaza Abasetyhini abanomhlaza webele, wesibeleko, wekholoni, okanye we-rectum basengozini enkulu yomhlaza wesibeleko.
  
• Ubudala Uninzi lwabasetyhini lungaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-55 xa kufunyaniswa ukuba banomhlaza we-ovari.
  
• Ungaze ukhulelwe Abafazi abadala abangazange bakhulelwe banomngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza we-ovari.
  
• Unyango lwe-hormone yokuya esikhathini Olunye uphononongo lucebise ukuba abasetyhini abathatha i-estrogen ngokwabo (ngaphandle kweprogesterone) kangangeminyaka eli-10 okanye nangaphezulu banokuba nomngcipheko owandayo womhlaza wesibeleko.

Ezinye izinto ezinokuba yingozi: ukuthatha amayeza athile okuzala, ukusebenzisa umgubo we-talcum, okanye ukutyeba. Akukacaci ukuba ngaba ezi zinto zibeka emngciphekweni na, kodwa ukuba ziyenzeka, ayizizo izinto ezinamandla.

Iimpawu

Umhlaza wokuqala we-ovari awunakubangela zimpawu ezibonakalayo-kuphela iipesenti ezili-19 zamatyala afunyenwe kwinqanaba lokuqala. Kodwa, njengoko umhlaza ukhula, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo okanye iintlungu esiswini, isinqe, umqolo, okanye imilenze
• Isisu esidumbileyo okanye esidumbileyo
• Isicaphucaphu, ukungagayeki, igesi, ukuqunjelwa, okanye urhudo
• Ukudinwa

Iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ziquka:

• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukuziva isidingo sokuchama rhoqo
• Ukuphuma gazi ngokungaqhelekanga (amaxesha anzima, okanye ukopha emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni)

Uxilongo

Ukuba unophawu olubonisa umhlaza we-ovarian, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba Oku ujonga iimpawu zempilo jikelele. Ugqirha wakho unokucinezela kwisisu sakho ukujonga amathumba okanye ulwakhiwo olungaqhelekanga lolwelo (ascites). Isampulu yolwelo ingathathwa ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza wesibeleko.
  
• Uvavanyo lwePelvic Ugqirha wakho uziva ii-ovari kunye namalungu asondeleyo amaqhuma okanye olunye utshintsho kwimilo okanye ubungakanani babo. Nangona uvavanyo lwePap luyingxenye yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-pelvic, alusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga umhlaza we-ovarian, kodwa njengendlela yokufumanisa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
  
• Uvavanyo lwegazi Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo zegazi ukujonga inqanaba lezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya i-CA-125, into efunyenwe kumphezulu weeseli zomhlaza we-ovarian kunye nakwezinye izihlunu eziqhelekileyo. Inqanaba eliphezulu le-CA-125 linokuba luphawu lomhlaza okanye ezinye iimeko. Uvavanyo lwe-CA-125 alusetyenziswanga lodwa ukufumanisa umhlaza we-ovari. Kuvunyiwe nguLawulo loKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi ukubeka esweni impendulo yabasetyhini kunyango lomhlaza we-ovari kunye nokufumanisa ukubuya kwayo emva konyango.
  
• Ultrasound Amaza esandi avela kwisixhobo se-ultrasound ayaziphosa kumalungu ngaphakathi kwesinqe ukwenza umfanekiso wekhompyuter onokubonisa ithumba le-ovari. Ukujonga okungcono kwee-ovari, isixhobo sinokufakwa kwilungu lobufazi (transvaginal ultrasound).
  
• Uqhaqho I-biopsy kukususwa kwethishu okanye ulwelo ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza. Ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-ultrasound, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando (i-laparotomy) ukususa izicwili kunye nolwelo olusuka kwintsholongwane kunye nesisu ukuze ufumanise umhlaza we-ovari.

Nangona uninzi lwabasetyhini lune-laparotomy yokufumanisa isifo, abanye banenkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-laparoscopy. Ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci, ekhanyisiweyo (i-laparoscope) ngokusebenzisa i-incision encinci kwisisu. I-Laparoscopy ingasetyenziselwa ukususa i-cyst encinci, enobungozi okanye umhlaza wokuqala we-ovari. Isenokusetyenziswa ukufunda ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.

Ukuba iiseli zomhlaza we-ovari zifunyenwe, ugqirha wezifo uchaza inqanaba leseli. IBanga loku-1, lesi-2, nelesi-3 lichaza indlela engaqhelekanga ngayo iiseli zomhlaza. Iiseli zomhlaza kwiBakala 1 azikho kwimeko yokuba zikhule kwaye zisasazeke njengeeseli zeBanga 3.

Ukuqokelela

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na:

• CT scan yenza imifanekiso yamalungu namalaphu esinqeni okanye esiswini: IX-reyi> umatshini odityaniswe nekhompyuter uthatha imifanekiso eliqela. Unokufumana okwahlukileyo ngomlomo kunye ngenaliti engalweni okanye esandleni sakho. Izinto ezichaseneyo zinceda amalungu okanye izicubu zibonakale ngokucacileyo.
  
  I-x-ray yesifuba ingabonisa amathumba okanye ulwelo
  
• I-enema yeBarium x-reyi wamathumbu asezantsi. I-barium ichaza amathumbu kwi-x-reyi. Iindawo ezithintelwe ngumhlaza zinokuvela kwi-x-reyi.
  
• Ikholonoscopy, apho ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu ende, ekhanyisiweyo kwi-rectum kunye nekholoni ukumisela ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.

La ngamanqanaba omhlaza we-ovari:

• Inqanaba I: Iiseli zomhlaza zifumaneka kwelinye okanye zombini ii-ovari kumphezulu wee-ovari okanye kulwelo oluqokelelwe kwisisu.
• Inqanaba II: Iiseli zomhlaza ziye zasasazeka ukusuka kwelinye okanye zombini ii-ovari ukuya kwezinye izicubu kwi-pelvis ezifana ne-fallopian tubes okanye isibeleko, kwaye inokufumaneka kumanzi aqokelelwe kwisisu.
• Inqanaba IIIIiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kwizihlunu ezingaphandle kwesinqe okanye kwii-lymph node zommandla. Iiseli zomhlaza zinokufunyanwa ngaphandle kwesibindi.
• Inqanaba IVIiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kwizihlunu ezingaphandle kwesisu kunye nesinqe kwaye zingafumaneka ngaphakathi kwesibindi, emiphungeni okanye kwamanye amalungu.

Unyango

Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza unyango lwakho kunye neziphumo ezilindelekileyo. Uninzi lwabasetyhini lutyando kunye nechemotherapy. Rare kusetyenziswa unyango radiation.

Unyango lomhlaza lunokuchaphazela iiseli zomhlaza kwi-pelvis, esiswini, okanye emzimbeni wonke:

• Unyango lwengingqi Utyando kunye nonyango lwemitha lunyango lwasekhaya. Basusa okanye batshabalalise umhlaza we-ovari kwi-pelvis. Xa umhlaza we-ovarian usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, unyango lwendawo lunokusetyenziswa ukulawula isifo kwezo ndawo ezithile.
• Unyango lwe-chemraperitoneal chemotherapy I-Chemotherapy inokunikwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisisu kunye ne-pelvis ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu encinci. Amachiza atshabalalisa okanye alawule umhlaza esiswini kunye nesinqe.
• Inkqubo yonyango ngamayeza Xa i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kwi-vein, amachiza angena kwigazi kwaye atshabalalise okanye alawule umhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba.

Wena kunye nogqirha wakho ningasebenzisana ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esihlangabezana neemfuno zakho zonyango kunye nezomntu.

Ngenxa yokuba unyango lomhlaza luhlala lonakalisa iiseli eziphilileyo kunye nezicubu, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhaphakile. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhomekeke ikakhulu kuhlobo nobungakanani bonyango. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azinakufana kumfazi ngamnye, kwaye zinokutshintsha zisuka kwiseshoni yonyango ziye kwenye. Phambi kokuba unyango luqale, iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liya kuchaza iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye licebise iindlela zokukunceda ukuba uzilawule.

Unokufuna ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, uphononongo lophando ngeendlela ezintsha zonyango. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lukhetho olubalulekileyo kubafazi abanazo zonke izigaba zomhlaza we-ovari.

Ugqirha

Ugqirha wenza inxeba elide eludongeni lwesisu. Olu hlobo lotyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-laparotomy. Ukuba kufunyenwe umhlaza we-ovari, ugqirha uyasusa:

• zombini ii-ovari kunye neetyhubhu ze-fallopian (salpingo-oophorectomy)
• isibeleko (hysterectomy)
• i-omentum (ipheyini elincinci, elinamanqatha leethishu eligubungela amathumbu)
• i-lymph nodes ezikufutshane
• iisampulu zezicubu ezivela kwi-pelvis kunye nesisu

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Ukuba umhlaza usasazekile, ugqirha wotyando uyawususa umhlaza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"debulking" yotyando.

Ukuba unesiqalo sokuqala somhlaza we-ovari, ubungakanani botyando bunokuxhomekeka ekubeni ufuna ukukhulelwa kwaye ube nabantwana. Abanye abantu basetyhini abanomhlaza wokuqala ovarian banokuthatha isigqibo kugqirha wabo ukuba babe ne-ovary enye kuphela, ityhubhu enye ye-fallopian, kunye ne-omentum isuswe.

Unokuba ungakhululekanga kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Amayeza anokunceda ukulawula iintlungu zakho. Phambi kotyando, kuya kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha okanye nomongikazi ngesicwangciso sokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Emva kokuhlinzwa, ugqirha wakho unokulungelelanisa isicwangciso. Ixesha elithathayo ukuphilisa emva kokuhlinzwa lihlukile kumfazi ngamnye. Kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo.

Ukuba awukayi exesheni okwangoku, utyando lunokubangela ubushushu, ukoma kwelungu lobufazi, kunye nokubila ebusuku. Ezi mpawu zibangelwa ukulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwamahomoni abasetyhini. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ngeempawu zakho ukuze niphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango kunye. Kukho iziyobisi kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olunokunceda, kwaye uninzi lweempawu ziyahamba okanye zinciphise ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza okulwa nomhlaza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Uninzi lwabasetyhini lune-chemotherapy yomhlaza we-ovari emva kotyando. Abanye banokhemotherapy ngaphambi kotyando.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ngaphezulu kwesiyobisi esinye sinikwa. Iziyobisi zomhlaza we-ovari zinokulawulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Ngomthambo (IV): Amachiza anokunikezelwa ngombhobho obhityileyo ofakwe emithanjeni.
• Ngomthambo kwaye ngqo esiswini: Abanye abantu basetyhini bafumana i-IV chemotherapy kunye ne-intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy. Kwi-IP chemotherapy, amachiza anikezelwa ngombhobho omncinci ofakwe esiswini.
• Ngomlomo: Amanye amachiza omhlaza we-ovarian anganikwa ngomlomo.

I-Chemotherapy ilawulwa kwimijikelo. Ixesha ngalinye lonyango lilandelwa lixesha lokuphumla. Ubude bexesha lokuphumla kunye nenani lemijikelo lixhomekeke kumachiza asetyenzisiweyo. Unokufumana unyango lwakho eklinikhi, kwi-ofisi kagqirha, okanye ekhaya. Abanye abantu basetyhini banokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ngexesha lonyango.

Iziphumo zechemotherapy zixhomekeka ikakhulu ekubeni zeziphi iziyobisi ezinikiweyo kwaye zingakanani. Amachiza anokulimaza iiseli eziqhelekileyo ezahlula ngokukhawuleza:

• Iiseli zegazi: Ezi seli zilwa nosulelo, zinceda igazi ukuba lijiye, kwaye zithwale ioksijini kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wakho. Xa amachiza echaphazela iiseli zakho zegazi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane usulelo, ukruquke okanye wophe ngokulula, kwaye uzive ubuthathaka kakhulu kwaye udiniwe. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo likujongela amanqanaba asezantsi eeseli zegazi. Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa amanqanaba asezantsi, iqela lakho lingacebisa amayeza anokunceda umzimba wakho wenze iiseli zegazi ezintsha.
• Iiseli kwiingcambu zeenwele: Amanye amachiza anokubangela ukuba iinwele zibe neenwele. Izinwele zakho ziya kukhula zibuyele umva, kodwa zinokwahluka ngokombala kunye nokuthambeka.
• Iiseli ezihamba kumgaqo wokugaya: Ezinye iziyobisi zinokubangela ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, urhudo, okanye izilonda zomlomo kunye nemilebe. Buza iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo malunga namayeza anceda ukunciphisa ezi ngxaki.

Ezinye iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza we-ovarian zinokubangela ukungeva, umonakalo wezintso, intlungu edibeneyo, kunye nokubetha okanye ukuphazamiseka kwezandla okanye ezinyaweni. Uninzi lwezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zidla ngokuhamba emva kokuba unyango luphelile.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiradiotherapy) isebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Umatshini omkhulu uhambisa imitha emzimbeni.

Unyango lwemitha alufane lusetyenziswe kunyango lokuqala lomhlaza wesibeleko, kodwa lunokusetyenziswa ukuthomalalisa iintlungu nezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa sesi sifo. Unyango lunikwa esibhedlele okanye ekliniki. Unyango ngalunye luthatha nje imizuzu embalwa.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhomekeka ikakhulu kubungakanani bemitha oyinikiweyo kunye nakwicandelo lomzimba wakho elinyangiweyo. Ukunyanga ngemitha esiswini sakho kunye nesinqe kunokubangela isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, okanye izitulo ezinegazi. Kwakhona, ulusu lwakho kwindawo enyangiweyo lunokuba bomvu, lome, kwaye lithambe. Nangona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokunxunguphalisa, ugqirha wakho unokuzinyanga okanye azilawule, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zihamba emva kokuphela konyango.

Inkxaso yenkxaso

Umhlaza we-Ovarian kunye nonyango lwayo kunokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo. Unokufumana ukhathalelo oluxhasayo ukunqanda okanye ukulawula ezi ngxaki kunye nokuphucula ukonwaba kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Iqela lakho lezempilo lingakunceda kwezi ngxaki zilandelayo:

• Iintlungu Ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali kulawulo lweentlungu unokucebisa ngeendlela zokunciphisa okanye zokunciphisa iintlungu.
• Isisu esidumbileyo (ukusuka kulwakhiwo olungamanzi olungaqhelekanga olubizwa ngokuba zii-ascites) Ukudumba kungangonwabisi. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo linokususa ulwelo xa lusakha.
• Amathumbu avaliweyo Umhlaza unokuthintela amathumbu. Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukuvula ukuvaleka ngotyando.
• Imilenze edumbileyo (ukusuka kwi-lymphedema) Imilenze edumbileyo inokungakhululeki kwaye kube nzima ukugoba. Unokufumana ukuzivocavoca, ukusilalisa, okanye ukucoca iibandage kuluncedo. Iingcali zonyango eziqeqeshwe ukulawula i-lymphedema nazo zinokukunceda.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo Umhlaza okwinqanaba eliphezulu unokubangela ukuba ulwelo luqokelelene kwimiphunga, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo linokususa ulwelo xa lusakha.

> Isondlo kunye nomsebenzi womzimba

Kubalulekile ukuba abafazi abanomdlavuza we-ovari bazinakekele. Ukuzinyamekela kuquka ukutya kakuhle nokuhlala uxakekile kangangoko unako. Ufuna inani elifanelekileyo leekhalori ukugcina ubunzima obulungileyo. Kufuneka kwakhona iprotheyini eyaneleyo ukugcina amandla akho. Ukutya kakuhle kunokukunceda uzive ungcono kwaye ube namandla.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ngakumbi ngexesha okanye ngokukhawuleza emva konyango, usenokungathandi ukutya. Usenokungakhululeki okanye udinwe. Ungafumanisa ukuba ukutya akunambitheki njengakuqala. Ukongeza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango (ezinje ngokutya okungalunganga, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye izilonda zomlomo) zinokwenza kube nzima ukutya kakuhle. Ugqirha wakho, umntu otya ukutya okutyikityiweyo, okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo unokucebisa ngeendlela zokujongana nezi ngxaki.

Abasetyhini abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba baziva bebhetele xa behlala bekhuthele. Ukuhamba, i-yoga, ukuqubha, kunye neminye imisebenzi kunokukugcina womelele kwaye wandise amandla akho. Naluphi na umsebenzi owenzayo, qiniseka ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale. Kwakhona, ukuba umsebenzi wakho ukubangela iintlungu okanye ezinye iingxaki, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho.

Ukhathalelo lokulandela

Uya kufuna ukuxilongwa rhoqo emva konyango lomhlaza wesibeleko. Nokuba kungasekho zimpawu zomhlaza, isifo ngamanye amaxesha siyabuya kuba iiseli zomhlaza ezingafunyanwa zahlala ndaweni ithile emzimbeni wakho emva konyango.

Ukuhlolwa kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba naluphi na utshintsho kwimpilo yakho luyaqatshelwa kwaye luyanyangwa xa lufuneka. Ukuhlolwa kunokubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-pelvic, uvavanyo lwe-CA-125, olunye uvavanyo lwegazi, kunye neemviwo zokucinga.

Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo phakathi kokuhlolwa, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.

Uphando

Oogqirha kwilizwe liphela baqhuba iindidi ezininzi zovavanyo lwezonyango (izifundo zophando apho abantu bavolontiya ukuthatha inxaxheba). Bafunda ngeendlela ezintsha nezingcono zokuthintela, ukufumanisa nokunyanga umhlaza we-ovari.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyilelwe ukuphendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kunye nokufumanisa ukuba iindlela ezintsha zikhuselekile kwaye ziyasebenza na. Uphando sele lukhokelele kwinkqubela phambili, kwaye abaphandi bayaqhubeka nokukhangela iindlela ezifanelekileyo. Nangona iimvavanyo zeklinikhi zinokubangela umngcipheko othile, abaphandi benza konke okusemandleni ukukhusela abaguli babo.

Phakathi kophando olwenziwayo:

• Izifundo zokuthintela: Kwabasetyhini abanembali yosapho yomhlaza we-ovari, umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo unokuncitshiswa ngokususa ii-ovari ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza ubhaqwe. Olu tyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-prophylactic oophorectomy. Abasetyhini abasemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza wesibeleko bathatha inxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zokufunda ngeenzuzo kunye nokulimala kolu tyando. Abanye oogqirha bafunda ukuba ngaba amayeza athile anokunceda ukukhusela umhlaza wesibeleko kubasetyhini abasengozini enkulu.
• Izifundo zovavanyo: Abaphandi bafunda ngeendlela zokufumana umhlaza we-ovari kwabasetyhini abangenazo iimpawu.
• Izifundo zonyango: Oogqirha bavavanya inoveli yamachiza kunye nendibaniselwano emitsha. Bafunda unyango lwebhayoloji, olufana nezilwa-buhlungu ze-monoclonal ezinokubophelela kwiiseli zomhlaza, eziphazamisana nokukhula kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokusasazeka komhlaza.

Ukuba unomdla ekubeni yinxalenye yolingo lwezonyango, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye undwendwele ku-http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials. IiNgcali zoLwazi ze-NCI kwi-1-800-4-CANCER okanye kwi-LiveHelp kwi-http://www.cancer.gov/help ingaphendula imibuzo kwaye inike ulwazi malunga nolingo lwezonyango ngokunjalo.

Uthintelo

Nazi iindlela ezintathu ezilula zokuzikhusela kumhlaza we-ovari:

1. Yitya iziqhamo nemifuno eninzi. Iikherothi kunye neetamatati zilayishwe nge-antioxidant elwa nomhlaza i-carotene kunye ne-lycopene, kwaye ukuzitya rhoqo kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 pesenti. Eso yayisisiphelo sesibhedlele iBrigham kunye nesibhedlele sabafazi, eBoston, kufundwa ngokuthelekisa abafazi abangama-563 ababenomhlaza we-ovari kunye nabangama-523 ababengenayo.

Abaphandi bacebisa ukujolisa kwisibini esityiwa ikomityi yesosi yetumato (owona mthombo we-lycopene ugxile) okanye ezinye iimveliso zetumato kunye neekherothi ezintlanu eluhlaza ngeveki. Okunye ukutya okune-antioxidant okune-antioxidant edityaniswe kuphando kumngcipheko ophantsi we-ovarian-cancer isipinashi, iiyam, i-cantaloupe, i-corn, i-broccoli kunye ne-oranges. Ukongeza, uphando lwakutsha nje oluvela kwiSikolo seHarvard seMpilo yoLuntu lubonisa ukuba i-kaempferol, isibulala-zintsholongwane kwi-broccoli, i-kale, i-strawberries kunye ne-grapefruit, inokuwunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari ngama-40 epesenti.

2. Zisuse esofeni. Uhlolisiso lweNational Cancer Institute lunikela ingxelo yokuba, amabhinqa achitha iiyure ezintandathu ngosuku nangaphezulu ehleli ngexesha lokuzonwabisa anokuba sengozini yokufumana esi sifo ngama-50 ekhulwini kunalawo adlamkileyo.

3. Cinga ngokuphuma kwipilisi. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba i-hormone progestin, efumaneka kwizicwangcisi ezininzi zomlomo, inokubeka umngcipheko kwiipesenti ezingama-50 xa ithathwa iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu.

Ithatyathwe kwiZiko leSizwe loMhlaza (www.cancer.org)

Uphengululo lwe