IHepatitis C

IHepatitis C sisifo sentsholongwane esikhokelela kukudumba (ukudumba) kwesibindi.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-hepatitis yentsholongwane zibandakanya:

• IHepatitis A
• IHepatitis B
• IHepatitis D
• IHepatitis E

Usulelo lwe-Hepatitis C lubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C (HCV).

Unokubamba i-hepatitis C ukuba igazi lomntu one-HCV lingena emzimbeni wakho. Ukubonakaliswa kunokwenzeka:

• Emva kwentonga yenaliti okanye ukonzakala okubukhali
• Ukuba igazi lomntu one-HCV linxibelelana nokusikwa kwesikhumba okanye unxibelelana namehlo okanye umlomo

Abantu abasemngciphekweni we-HCV ngabo:

• Zitofa iziyobisi ezitalatweni okanye wabelane ngenaliti nomntu oneHCV
• Bekwi-dialysis yexesha elide yezintso
• Unxibelelana rhoqo negazi emsebenzini (njengomsebenzi wezempilo)
• Yiba neentlobano zesini ngokungakhuselekanga nomntu one-HCV
• Bazalwa ngumama owayene-HCV
• Ufumene i-tattoo okanye i-acupuncture kunye neenaliti ezingakhange zibulawe iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo emva kokuba zisetyenziswe komnye umntu (umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu ngabasebenzi abanelayisensi yomvambo okanye imvume okanye iphepha-mvume lokuthambisa)
• Ndifumene ukufakelwa komzimba kumnikeli one-HCV
• Yabelana ngezinto zakho, ezinje ngeebrashi zamazinyo kunye neencakuba, nomntu one-HCV (engaqhelekanga kakhulu)
• Utofelwe igazi (kunqabile e-United States okoko ukuvavanywa kwegazi kwafumaneka ngo-1992)

Uninzi lwabantu abasandula ukusulelwa yi-HCV abanazo iimpawu. Abanye abantu batyheli ulusu (i-jaundice). Usulelo olungapheliyo luhlala lubangela ukuba kungabikho zimpawu. Kodwa ukudinwa, uxinzelelo kunye nezinye iingxaki zinokubakho.

Abantu abanesifo sexesha elide (esingapheliyo) abasoloko bengenazo iimpawu de isibindi sibe nebala (cirrhosis). Uninzi lwabantu abanale meko bayagula kwaye baneengxaki ezininzi zempilo.

Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokubakho kusulelo lwe-HCV:

• Intlungu kwisisu esisekunene
• Ukudumba kwesisu ngenxa yencindi (ascites)
• Umbala wodongwe okanye ilindle eliluthuthu
• Umchamo omnyama
• Ukudinwa
• Ifiva
• Ukurhawuzelela
• I-jaundice
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukukhangela i-HCV:

• I-enzyme immunoassay (EIA) yokufumana intsholongwane ye-HCV
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ukufumana intsholongwane uqobo, ukulinganisa amanqanaba wentsholongwane (umthwalo wentsholongwane), kunye nokuchonga uhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C

Bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-18 ukuya ku-79 kufuneka bafumane uvavanyo lwexesha elinye kwi-HCV. Olu vavanyo lokuvavanywa lujonga ii-antibodies ngokuchasene ne-HCV (anti-HCV). Ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lwe-antibody luqinisekile, uvavanyo lwe-PCR lusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa usulelo lwe-HCV.

Ukuvavanywa kwakhona kwemfuza kwenzelwa ukukhangela uhlobo lwe-HCV (genotype). Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu zentsholongwane (genotypes 1 ukuya ku-6). Iziphumo zovavanyo zinokunceda ugqirha wakho akhethe unyango olulungele wena.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lwenzelwa ukuchonga nokujonga ukonakaliswa kwesibindi kwi-HCV:

• Inqanaba lealbhamu
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Ixesha leprothrombin
• Isibindi se-biopsy

Kuya kufuneka uthethe nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokhetho lwakho kunye nokuba unyango kufuneka luqale nini.

• Injongo yonyango kukususa umzimba wentsholongwane. Oku kunokuthintela umonakalo wesibindi onokubangela ukusilela kwesibindi okanye umhlaza wesibindi.
• Unyango lubaluleke ngakumbi kubantu ababonisa iimpawu zesibindi fibrosis okanye isikhumba.

Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HCV. La machiza anceda ukulwa ne-HCV. Amachiza amatsha antiviral:

• Ukubonelela ngenqanaba lokunyanga eliphucuke kakhulu
• Zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kwaye kulula ukuzithatha
• Zithathwa ngomlomo iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezingama-24

Ukukhetha ukuba leliphi iyeza elixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-HCV onalo.

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kunokucetyiswa kubantu abaphuhlisa i-cirrhosis kunye / okanye umhlaza wesibindi. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga nokufakelwa kwesibindi.

Ukuba unayo i-HCV:

• Sukuthatha amayeza ungawasebenzisi ngaphandle kokucela umboneleli wakho. Buza malunga neevithamini kunye nezinye izongezo.
• Sukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala. Utywala bunokukhawulezisa umonakalo kwisibindi sakho. Inokunciphisa nokusebenza kwamayeza.
• Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba awunazo izilwa-buhlungu kwi-hepatitis A kunye no-B, kufuneka ugonyo lwe-hepatitis A kunye ne-hepatitis B. Ukuba awufumananga isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis A okanye i-B okanye awuzange ube nazo ezi ntlobo ze-hepatitis, unokufuna ugonyo kubo.

Ukujoyina iqela lenkxaso kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuba ne-HCV. Buza umboneleli wakho malunga nezixhobo zesifo sesibindi kunye namaqela enkxaso kwindawo yakho.

Uninzi lwabantu (iipesenti ezingama-75 ukuya kuma-85%) abosulelwe yintsholongwane baba ne-HCV enganyangekiyo. Le meko ibeka umngcipheko we-cirrhosis, umhlaza wesibindi, okanye zombini. Imbonakalo ye-HCV ixhomekeke kwinxalenye yohlobo lwe-genotype.

Impendulo elungileyo kunyango yenzeka xa intsholongwane ingasakwazi ukubonwa egazini iiveki ezili-12 okanye nangaphezulu emva konyango. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "yimpendulo ye-virologic response" (SVR). Ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zabo baphathwe kwezinye ii-genotypes banolu hlobo lokuphendula.

Abanye abantu abaluphenduli unyango lokuqala. Kusenokufuneka baphinde banyangwe ngodidi olwahlukileyo lwamayeza.

Abanye abantu banokosulelwa kwakhona okanye bosulelwe luhlobo oluthile lwe-genotype.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Uba neempawu zesifo sokudumba kwesibindi
• Uyakholelwa ukuba ubonakalisiwe kwi-HCV

Amanyathelo anokuthathwa ukunceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwe-HCV ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye kubandakanya:

• Abasebenzi bokhathalelo lwempilo kufuneka balandele amanyathelo xa bephethe igazi.
• Musa ukwabelana ngeenaliti nabani na.
• Musa ukwenza iitattoo okanye ukugqobhoza umzimba okanye ufumane i-acupuncture kumntu ongenayo imvume okanye iphepha-mvume.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezinto zobuqu, ezinje ngeencakuba kunye nebrashi yamazinyo.
• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo.

Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho losulelwe yi-HCV kwaye benizinzile kwaye nino-monogamous (akukho namanye amaqabane) ubudlelwane, umngcipheko wokunika intsholongwane kuye, okanye ukufumana intsholongwane, komnye umntu uphantsi.

I-HCV ayinakusasazwa ngoqhakamshelwano, olufana nokubambana ngezandla, ukuncamisana, ukukhohlela okanye ukuthimla, ukuncancisa, ukwabelana ngezixhobo zokutya okanye iiglasi zokusela.

Okwangoku akukho sitofu sokugonya i-HCV.

Impendulo ye-virologic eqhubekayo - i-hepatitis C; I-SVR-hepatitis C

• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• IHepatitis C

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Imibuzo ye-Hepatitis C kunye neempendulo kuluntu. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/cfaq.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Epreli 20, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 30, 2020.

UGhany MG, uMorgan TR; Iphaneli yesikhokelo se-AASLD-IDSA Hepatitis C. Isikhokelo se-Hepatitis C Isikhokelo se-2019: Izindululo ze-AASLD-IDSA zokuvavanya, ukulawula nokunyanga usulelo lwentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C. Isifo seHepatology. Ngo-2020; 71 (2): 686-721. IINKCUKACHA: 31816111 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31816111/.

UJacobson IM, uLim JK, uMW othosiweyo. Umbutho waseMelika weGastroenterological Association Iziko lokuhlaziya uhlaziyo-lweengcali: ukhathalelo lwezigulana ezifumene impendulo eqhubekayo ye-virologic emva konyango lwe-antiviral yosulelo olungapheliyo lwe-hepatitis C. Gastroenterology. Ngo-2017; 152 (6): 1578-1587. IINKCUKACHA: 28344022 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28344022/.

INaggie S, iZimbo zeDL. IHepatitis C. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 154.