Ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo

Ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo (i-ET) luhlobo lokuhamba okunganyanzelekanga. Ayinaso isizathu esichongiweyo. Ukungazibandakanyi kuthetha ukuba uyangcangcazela ungakhange uzame ukwenjenjalo kwaye awunakho ukuyeka ukushukuma ngokuthanda kwakho.

I-ET lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lokungcangcazela. Wonke umntu uyangcangcazela, kodwa iintshukumo zihlala zincinci kangangokuba azibonakali. I-ET ichaphazela abesilisa nabasetyhini. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65.

Isizathu ngqo se-ET asaziwa. Uphando lubonisa ukuba icandelo lobuchopho elilawula intshukumo yemisipha alisebenzi ngokuchanekileyo kubantu abane-ET.

Ukuba i-ET yenzeka ngaphezulu kwelungu elinye losapho, ibizwa ngokuba kukungcangcazela kosapho. Olu hlobo lwe-ET ludluliselwa kwiintsapho (ezizuzwe njengelifa). Oku kuphakamisa ukuba imizila yemfuza idlala indima kwisizathu sayo.

Ukungcangcazela usapho kuhlala kuyinto ebalaseleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ufuna kuphela ukufumana uhlobo kumzali omnye ukuze uphuhlise ukungcangcazela. Ihlala iqala ebudaleni, kodwa inokubonwa kubantu abadala okanye abancinci, okanye ebantwaneni.

Ukungcangcazela kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe kwingalo nakwizandla. Iingalo, intloko, iinkophe, okanye ezinye izihlunu zinokuchaphazeleka. Inyikima ayifane yenzeke emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Umntu one-ET unokuba nengxaki yokubamba okanye ukusebenzisa izinto ezincinci ezinje ngesilivere okanye usiba.

Ukunyikima kuhlala kubandakanya ukushukuma okuncinci okukhawulezayo okwenzeka izihlandlo ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-12 ngomzuzwana.

Iimpawu ezithile zingabandakanya:

• Intloko inqwala
• Ukungcangcazela okanye ukungcangcazelisa isandi kwilizwi ukuba inyikima ichaphazela ibhokisi yelizwi
• Iingxaki ngokubhala, ukuzoba, ukusela ikomityi, okanye ukusebenzisa izixhobo ukuba inyikima ichaphazela izandla

Ukungcangcazela kunokuba:

• Yenzeka ngexesha lokuhamba (ukungcangcazela okunxulumene nesenzo) kwaye kunokuba kungabonakali xa uphumle
• Yiza uhambe, kodwa uhlala usiba mandundu ngokuguga
• Worsen ngoxinzelelo, icaffeine, ukungalali, kunye namayeza athile
• Ayichaphazeli omabini amacala omzimba ngendlela efanayo
• Phucula kancinci ngokusela inani elincinci lotywala

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye ubuze malunga nembali yakho yezonyango kunye neyakho.

Iimvavanyo zingafuneka ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye izizathu zokungcangcazela okunje:

• Ukutshaya kunye nokutshaya icuba
• I-thyroid engasebenzi (hyperthyroidism)
• Ukuyekisa ngesiquphe utywala emva kokusela kakhulu ixesha elide (ukurhoxisa utywala)
• I-caffeine eninzi
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile
• Uvalo okanye ixhala

Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nezifundo zokucinga (ezinje nge-CT scan entloko, ingqondo ye-MRI, kunye ne-x-reyi) zihlala ziqhelekile.

Unyango lusenokungafuneki ngaphandle kokuba iinyikima ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla okanye zibangele iintloni.

UKUNAKEKELWA KWASEKHAYA

Ukungcangcazela okwenziwe nzima ngoxinzelelo, zama iindlela ezikunceda uphumle. Xa ungcangcazela ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, thintela i-caffeine kwaye ulale ngokwaneleyo.

Ukungcangcazela okubangelwe okanye kwenziwa mandundu liyeza, thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokumisa iyeza, ukunciphisa idosi, okanye ukutshintsha. Sukutshintsha okanye uyeke naliphi na iyeza ngokwakho.

Iinyikima ezinzima zenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Unokufuna uncedo kwezi zinto. Izinto ezinokukunceda zibandakanya:

• Ukuthenga iimpahla nge-Velcro zokubopha, okanye usebenzisa iihuku zokufaka amaqhosha
• Ukupheka okanye ukutya ngezinto ezinesiphatho esikhulu
• Sebenzisa iindiza ukusela
• Ukunxiba izihlangu ezityibilikayo kunye nokusebenzisa iimpondo zezihlangu

AMAYEZA ENKULUMBUSO

Amayeza anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu. Amachiza asetyenziswa kakhulu afaka:

• Ipropranolol, ibhloko blocker
• I-Primidone, ichiza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzula

La machiza anokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Ipropranolol inokubangela ukudinwa, impumlo exineneyo, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci, kwaye inokusenza mandundu isifuba.
• I-Primidone inokubangela ukozela, iingxaki zokugxila, isicaphucaphu, kunye neengxaki zokuhamba, ukulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.

Amanye amayeza anokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kubandakanya:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• Uxinzelelo olumdaka
• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi abizwa ngokuba yi-calcium-channel blockers

Inaliti yeBotox enikwe ngesandla inokuzama ukunciphisa ukungcangcazela.

UKUGQIBELA

Kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando lunokuzama. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukugxininisa ii-x-ray ezinamandla aphezulu kwindawo encinci yengqondo (stereotactic radiosurgery)
• Ukufakela isixhobo esikhuthazayo kwingqondo ukubonisa indawo elawula intshukumo

I-ET ayisiyongxaki iyingozi. Kodwa abanye abantu bakufumanisa kungcangcazelisa kwaye kuhlazisa. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yinto emangalisayo ukuphazamisa umsebenzi, ukubhala, ukutya, okanye ukusela.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iinyikima zichaphazela imiphimbo, enokuthi ikhokelele kwiingxaki zokuthetha.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unengcangcazelo entsha
• Ukungcangcazela kwakho kwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• Uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungcangcazela

Iziselo ezinxilisayo ngesixa esincinci zinokunciphisa ukungcangcazela. Kodwa ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kotywala inokukhula, ngakumbi ukuba unembali yosapho kwezi ngxaki.

Ukungcangcazela - kubalulekile; Ukungcangcazela okuqhelekileyo; Ingcangcazela - usapho; Ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo kweBenign; Ukungcangcazela - ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system

UBhatia KP, uBain P, uBajaj N, et al. Ingxelo yemvumelwano malunga nokuhlelwa kweenyikima. Ukusuka kwiqela elisebenzayo kunyikima lwe-International Parkinson kunye ne-Movement Disorder Society. Mov Disord. 2018; 33 (1): 75-87. IINKCUKACHA: 29193359 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29193359/.

UHariz M, Blomstedt P. Ulawulo lotyando lokungcangcazela. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ugqirha we-Youmans kunye no-Winn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 87.

Isifo sikaJankovic J. Parkinson kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuhamba. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Maziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 96.

Okun MS, uLang AE. Ezinye iingxaki zokuhamba. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 382.