Ingqele

I-narcolepsy yingxaki yenkqubo ye-neva ebangela ukulala kakhulu kunye nokuhlaselwa kokulala emini.

Iingcali aziqinisekanga ngesona sizathu sokuhlaselwa sisifo sokudlakazelisa. Isenokuba nesizathu esingaphaya kwesinye.

Abantu abaninzi abane-narcolepsy banezinga eliphantsi le-hypocretin (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-orexin). Le yikhemikhali eyenziwe kwingqondo ekunceda uhlale uphaphile. Kwabanye abantu abane-narcolepsy, zimbalwa iiseli ezenza le khemikhali. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yokusabela okuzenzekelayo. Ukuphendula okuzenzekelayo kuxa amajoni omzimba ehlasela ngempazamo izicwili zomzimba.

I-narcolepsy inokusebenza kwiintsapho. Abaphandi bafumene iintlobo ezithile ezinxulunyaniswa ne-narcolepsy.

Iimpawu zeNarcolepsy zihlala ziqala ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-30. Ngezantsi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo.

UKULALA NGAMAXESHA AMANINZI

• Unokuziva unomdla wokulala, uhlala ulandelwa lixesha lokulala. Awunakho ukulawula xa ulele. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuhlaselwa kokulala.
• La maxesha anokuhlala kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.
• Ziyakwenzeka emva kokutya, xa uthetha nomntu, okanye ngezinye iimeko.
• Rhoqo, uvuka uzive uhlaziyekile.
• Uhlaselo lunokwenzeka ngelixa uqhuba okanye usenza eminye imisebenzi apho ukulala kunokuba yingozi.

UKUQHUTYWA

• Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, awukwazi ukulawula izihlunu zakho kwaye awunako ukuhamba. Iimvakalelo ezinamandla, ezinje ngokuhleka okanye umsindo, zinokubangela i-cataplexy.
• Uhlaselo luhlala luhlala ukusuka kwimizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu emi-2. Uhlala usazi ngexesha lokuhlaselwa.
• Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, intloko yakho iyawa ngaphambili, umhlathi wakho uyawa, kwaye amadolo akho anokugoba.
• Kwiimeko ezinzima, unokuwa kwaye uhlale ukhubazekile ixesha elide kangangemizuzu eliqela.

UKUZIPHATHA KAKHULU

• Uyabona okanye uve izinto ezingekhoyo, nokuba ulala okanye uvuka.
• Ngexesha lokubona izinto ezingekhoyo, unokuziva usoyika okanye uhlaselwa.

UKULALELA NGOKULALA

• Kulapho ungeke ukwazi ukuhambisa umzimba wakho xa uqala ukulala okanye xa uqala ukuvuka.
• Inokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu eli-15.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-narcolepsy banokulala emini kunye ne-cataplexy. Asinguye wonke umntu onazo zonke ezi mpawu. Okumangalisa kukuba, nangona udiniwe kakhulu, abantu abaninzi abane-narcolepsy abalali kakuhle ebusuku.

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili ze-narcolepsy:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 lubandakanya ukulala kakhulu emini, i-cataplexy, kunye nenqanaba eliphantsi le-hypocretin.
• Uhlobo lwe-2 lubandakanya ukulala kakhulu emini, kodwa akukho cataplexy, kunye nenqanaba eliqhelekileyo lehypocretin.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho.

Unokufumana uvavanyo lwegazi ukulawula ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuphuthelwa kunye nezinye iingxaki zokulala
• Imilenze yesifo esinganyangekiyo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukulala ngokuphefumla
• Ezinye izifo zonyango, zengqondo, okanye zesifo se-nervous system

Unokuba nolunye uvavanyo, kubandakanya:

• I-ECG (ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho)
• I-EEG (ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo yakho)
• Isifundo sokulala (polysomnogram)
• Uvavanyo lwe-latency yokulala oluninzi (MSLT). Olu luvavanyo lokubona ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ulale ngexesha lokulala emini. Abantu abane-narcolepsy balale ngokukhawuleza kunabantu abangenayo le meko.
• Ukuvavanywa kwemfuza ukujonga uhlobo lwe-narcolepsy.

Akukho lonyango kunyango. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu.

UTSHINTSHO KWIMPILO

Utshintsho oluthile lunokunceda ukuphucula ukulala kwakho ebusuku kunye nokunciphisa ukulala emini:

• Lala kwaye uvuke ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
• Gcina igumbi lakho lokulala limnyama kwaye kubushushu obutofotofo. Qiniseka ukuba umandlalo wakho kunye nemiqamelo zikhululekile.
• Gwema i-caffeine, utywala, kunye nokutya okunzima iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokulala.
• Musa ukutshaya.
• Yenza into ephumayo, njengokuhlamba okufudumeleyo okanye ufunde incwadi ngaphambi kokuba ulale.
• Yenza imithambo rhoqo yonke imihla, enokukunceda ulale ebusuku. Qiniseka ukuba ucwangcisa umthambo iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba ulale.

Ezi ngcebiso zinokukunceda wenze ngcono emsebenzini nakwiimeko zentlalo.

• Cwangcisa i-naps ngexesha lemini xa uziva udiniwe. Oku kunceda ukulawula ukulala emini kwaye kunciphise inani lokuhlaselwa okungalindelekanga kokulala.
• Xelela ootitshala, abaphathi bomsebenzi, kunye nabahlobo malunga nemeko yakho. Unokufuna ukuprinta izinto ezivela kwiwebhu malunga ne-narcolepsy ukuze bayifunde.
• Fumana iingcebiso, ukuba ziyafuneka, ukukunceda ukumelana nale meko. Ukuba ne-narcolepsy kunokuba noxinzelelo.

Ukuba une-narcolepsy, unokuba nezithintelo ekuqhubeni. Izithintelo ziyahluka ngokwamazwe.

AMAYEZA

• Amayeza avuselelayo anokukunceda uhlale uphaphile emini.
• Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo anokunceda ukunciphisa iziqendu ze-cataplexy, ukukhubazeka kokulala, kunye nemibono.
• Isodium oxybate (Xyrem) isebenza kakuhle ukulawula i-cataplexy. Inokukunceda ukulawula ukulala emini.

La machiza anokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Sebenza nomboneleli wakho ukufumana isicwangciso sonyango esisebenzelayo.

I-narcolepsy yimeko yobomi bonke.

Kungayingozi ukuba iziqendu zenzeka ngelixa uqhuba, usebenzisa oomatshini, okanye usenza imisebenzi efanayo.

I-narcolepsy ihlala ilawulwa ngonyango. Ukunyanga ezinye iingxaki zokulala kunokuphucula iimpawu zokugula.

Ukulala kakhulu ngenxa ye-narcolepsy kunokukhokelela ku:

• Ingxaki yokusebenza emsebenzini
• Ingxaki yokuba kwimeko zentlalo
• Ukwenzakala neengozi
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga esi sifo zinokwenzeka

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unempawu ze-narcolepsy
• I-narcolepsy ayiphenduli kunyango
• Uba neempawu ezintsha

Awunakho ukuthintela i-narcolepsy. Unyango lunokunciphisa inani lohlaselo. Kulumkele iimeko ezibangela imeko ukuba uqhele ukuhlaselwa sisifo sokudlakazelisa ingqondo.

Ingxaki yokulala emini; Iintsika

• Iipateni zokulala kwabaselula nakwabadala

IChokroverty S, Avidan AY. Ukulala kunye nokuphazamiseka kwayo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl. 102.

UKrahn LE, uHershner S, uLoeding we-LD, et al .; IAmerican Academy yamayeza okulala. Amanyathelo okumgangatho wokukhathalela abaguli abane-narcolepsy. J Ikliniki yokulala ngeMed. 2015; 11 (3): 335. IINKCUKACHA: 25700880 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700880.

UMignot E. I-Narcolepsy: i-genetics, i-immunology, kunye ne-pathophysiology. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ii-eds. Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa neyeza lokulala. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 89.