Melasma

I-Melasma yimeko yesikhumba ebangela amabala esikhumba esimnyama kwiindawo zobuso ezivezwe lilanga.

I-Melasma sisifo esiqhelekileyo solusu. Ihlala ibonakala kubasetyhini abancinci abanetoni ebomvu, kodwa inokuchaphazela nabani na.

I-Melasma ihlala inxulunyaniswa nehomoni yabasetyhini i-estrogen kunye neprogesterone. Kuqhelekile kwi:

• Abafazi abakhulelweyo
• Abasetyhini bathatha iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa (izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo)
• Abasetyhini abathatha unyango lwe-hormone yonyango (HRT) ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Ukuba elangeni kwenza ukuba i-melasma ikhule ngakumbi. Ingxaki ixhaphake kakhulu kwimozulu yetropiki.

Olona phawu lwe-melasma lutshintsho kumbala wolusu. Nangona kunjalo, olu tshintsho lombala lunokubangela uxinzelelo malunga nokubonakala kwakho.

Utshintsho kumbala wolusu kuhlala ungumbala omdaka. Bahlala bevela ezidleleni, ebunzini, empumlweni, okanye kumlomo ongasentla. Amabala amnyama ahlala elingana.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kujonga ulusu lwakho ukufumanisa ingxaki. Uviwo olusondeleyo usebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba sisibane sikaWood (esisebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet) kunokunceda ukukhokela unyango lwakho.

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Iikhrim eziqulathe izinto ezithile ukuphucula imbonakalo ye-melasma
• Iikhemikhali zeekhemikhali okanye ii-cream ze-steroid
• Unyango lweLaser ukususa i-pigment emnyama ukuba i-melasma ibanzima
• Ukuyeka amayeza e-hormone anokubangela ingxaki
• Amayeza athathwe ngomlomo

I-Melasma ihlala iphela ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezininzi emva kokuyeka ukuthatha amayeza e-hormone okanye ukuphela kokukhulelwa kwakho. Ingxaki inokubuyela ekukhulelweni okuzayo okanye ukuba usebenzisa la mayeza kwakhona. Inokubuya kwakhona ekuvezeni ilanga.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba ubumnyama ebusweni bakho obungahambiyo.

Indlela efanelekileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-melasma ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga kukukhusela isikhumba sakho elangeni kunye ne-ultraviolet (UV).

Izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwakho elangeni zibandakanya:

• Nxiba iimpahla ezifana neminqwazi, iihempe ezinemikhono emide, iziketi ezinde, okanye iblukhwe.
• Zama ukunqanda ukuba selangeni ngexesha lasemini, xa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kunzima kakhulu.
• Sebenzisa ii-sunscreen ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ngokukhethekileyo nge-sun protection factor (SPF) ye-30 ubuncinci. Khetha i-sunscreen ebanzi ebanzi ethintela ukukhanya kwe-UVA kunye ne-UVB.
• Faka isicelo se-sunscreen ngaphambi kokuba uphume uye elangeni, kwaye uphinde ufake isicelo rhoqo-ubuncinci rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbini ngelixa uselangeni.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen unyaka wonke, kubandakanya ebusika.
• Gwema izibane zelanga, iibhedi zokutshisa, kunye neesalon.

Ezinye izinto zokwazi malunga nokukhanya kwelanga:

• Ukuvezwa lilanga kunamandla ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane nomphezulu obonisa ukukhanya, njengamanzi, isanti, ikhonkrithi, kunye neendawo ezipeyintiweyo ezimhlophe.
• Ukukhanya kwelanga kukhulu kakhulu ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
• Ulusu luvutha ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Chloasma; Imaski yokukhulelwa; Imaski yokukhulelwa

IDinulos JGH.Izifo ezinxulumene nokukhanya kunye nokuphazamiseka kombala. Ku: I-Dinulos JGH, ed. Ugqirha wezonyango waseHabif. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 19.

UJames WD, u-Elston DM, nyanga i-JR, i-Rosenbach MA, i-IM ye-Neuhaus. Ukuphazamiseka kombala. Ku: James WD, Elston DM, Phatha uJR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, ii-eds. Izifo zikaAndrews zolusu: Unyango lweKlinikhi. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 36.