Iherpes yesini

I-herpes yesisu sisifo esosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-herpes simplex (HSV).

Eli nqaku ligxile kusulelo lwe-HSV yohlobo lwe-2.

I-Herpes yesisu ichaphazela ulusu okanye inwebu yangaphakathi kumalungu esini. Le ntsholongwane isasazeka isuka komnye umntu iye komnye xa isabelana ngesondo.

Zimbini iintlobo ze-HSV:

• I-HSV-1 ihlala ichaphazela umlomo kunye nemilebe kwaye ibangele izilonda ezibandayo okanye ifiva. Kodwa inokusasazeka ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya kwilungu lobuni ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo.
• Uhlobo lwe-HSV 2 (HSV-2) luhlala lubangela i-herpes yesini. Ingasasazeka ngokudibana kwesikhumba okanye ngamanzi aphuma emlonyeni okanye kwilungu langasese.

Unokosulelwa yi-herpes ukuba ulusu lwakho, ubufazi, ipipi, okanye umlomo unxibelelana nomntu osele enayo i-herpes.

Unokwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-herpes ukuba uthinta ulusu lomntu onezilonda ze-herpes, i-blisters okanye i-rash. Kodwa intsholongwane isenokusasazeka, nokuba azikho izilonda okanye ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, awazi ukuba usulelekile.

Usulelo lwe-HSV-2 lwangasese luxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda.

Abantu abaninzi abane-herpes yesini abaze babe nezilonda. Okanye baneempawu ezinobumnene ezingabonakaliyo okanye eziphosakeleyo ngokulunywa yizinambuzane okanye enye imeko yolusu.

Ukuba iimpawu kunye neempawu ziyenzeka ngexesha lokuqhambuka kokuqala, kunokuba nzima. Oku kuqhambuka kokuqala kwenzeka kakhulu kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwiiveki ezi-2 zokosulelwa.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zingabandakanya:

• Ukunciphisa ukutya
• Ifiva
• Imvakalelo yokugula ngokubanzi (malaise)
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha kumqolo ongezantsi, ezimpundu, emathangeni, okanye emadolweni
• I-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo kunye nethenda kwi-groin

Iimpawu zomzimba zibandakanya amancinci amancinci, amabala abuhlungu agcwele ulwelo olucacileyo okanye oluneendiza. Iindawo apho izilonda zinokufumaneka khona zibandakanya:

• Imilebe yangaphandle yelungu lobufazi (ilabia), ubufazi, umlomo wesibeleko, ujikeleze i-anus, nasemathangeni okanye ezimpundu (kwabasetyhini)
• I-Penis, i-scrotum, ejikeleze i-anus, emathangeni okanye emathangeni (emadodeni)
• Ulwimi, umlomo, amehlo, iintsini, imilebe, iminwe, kunye namanye amalungu omzimba (kuzo zombini izini)

Ngaphambi kokuba i-blister ivele, kunokubakho ukurhawuzelela, ukutshisa, ukurhawuzelela, okanye iintlungu kwindawo eza kuvela iblisters. Xa i-blister iqhekeka, ishiya izilonda ezingekho nzulu ezibuhlungu kakhulu. Ezi zilonda ziyaqhuma kwaye ziphilise kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-14 okanye nangaphezulu.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu xa ugqitha umchamo
• Ukukhutshwa kwilungu lobufazi (kwabasetyhini) okanye
• Iingxaki zokukhupha isinyi esinokufuna i-catheter yomchamo

Ukuqhambuka kwesibini kunokuvela kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga kamva. Ihlala iphantsi kakhulu kwaye iyahamba msinyane kunokuqhambuka kokuqala. Ixesha elingaphezulu, inani lokuqhambuka lingehla.

Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa kwizilonda zesikhumba okanye kwiiblisters zokufumanisa i-herpes. Olu vavanyo luhlala lusenziwa xa umntu enokuqhambuka okokuqala naxa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bekhula iimpawu zeherpes. Uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• Inkcubeko yolwelo oluvela kwiblister okanye isilonda esivulekileyo. Olu vavanyo lunokuba lilungile kwi-HSV. Eyona nto iluncedo kakhulu kuqhambuko lokuqala.
• Ukuphendula ngetyathanga lePolymerase (PCR) kwenziwa kulwelo oluvela kwiblister. Olu lolona vavanyo luchanekileyo lokuchaza ukuba ingaba intsholongwane ye-herpes ikhona kwi-blister.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi olujonga inqanaba le-antibody kwintsholongwane ye-herpes. Olu vavanyo lunokuchonga ukuba ngaba umntu wosulelwe yintsholongwane ye-herpes, naphakathi kokuqhambuka. Iziphumo ezincumisayo zovavanyo xa umntu engazange aqhambuke zingabonakalisa ukuba usengozini kwintsholongwane ngexesha elidlulileyo.

Ngeli xesha, iingcali azikukhuthazi ukuhlolwa kwe-HSV-1 okanye i-HSV-2 kulutsha okanye kubantu abadala abangenazimpawu, kubandakanya nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

I-herpes yesisu ayinyangeki. Amayeza alwa neentsholongwane (njenge-acyclovir okanye i-valacyclovir) anokumiselwa.

• La mayeza anceda ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka ngexesha lokuqhambuka ngokuphilisa izilonda ngokukhawuleza. Kubonakala ngathi zisebenza ngcono xa kuhlaselwa okokuqala kunakuqhambuka kamva.
• Ukuphinda kuqhambuke, iyeza kufuneka lithathwe kwakamsinya nje ukurhawuzelela, ukutshisa, okanye ukurhawuzelela kuqala, okanye kwangoko xa kuvela i-blister.
• Abantu abanokuqhambuka okuninzi banokuthatha la mayeza mihla le kangangexesha elithile. Oku kunceda ukunqanda ukuqhambuka okanye ukunciphisa ubude bazo. Inokunciphisa nethuba lokunika i-herpes komnye umntu.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinqabile nge-acyclovir kunye ne-valacyclovir.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo banokunyangwa i-herpes ngenyanga yokugqibela yokukhulelwa ukunciphisa ithuba lokuqhambuka ngexesha lokuhanjiswa. Ukuba kukho uqhambuko malunga nexesha lokuhanjiswa, icandelo le-C liya kucetyiswa. Oku kunciphisa ithuba lokosulela umntwana.

Landela iingcebiso zomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nendlela yokunyamekela iimpawu zakho ze-herpes ekhaya.

Unako ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso ye-herpes. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Nje ukuba wosulelwe, intsholongwane ihlala emzimbeni wakho ubomi bakho bonke. Abanye abantu abanaso esinye isiqendu. Abanye banokuqhambuka rhoqo okunokubangelwa kukudinwa, ukugula, ukuba sexesheni, okanye uxinzelelo.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo abanesifo se-herpes esiswini esisebenzayo xa bebeleka banokudlulisela usulelo emntwaneni wabo. I-Herpes inokubangela usulelo lobuchopho kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa. Kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli wakho azi ukuba unezilonda ze-herpes okanye uye waqhambuka ngaphambili. Oku kuyakuvumela amanyathelo athathwe ukuthintela ukudlulisela usulelo emntwaneni.

Intsholongwane inokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba, kubandakanya ingqondo, amehlo, umqala, isibindi, umnqonqo, okanye imiphunga. Ezi ngxaki zinokukhula kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa ye-HIV okanye amayeza athile.

Biza umnikezeli wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ye-herpes yesini okanye ukuba uhlakulela umkhuhlane, intloko, ukugabha, okanye ezinye iimpawu ngexesha okanye emva kokuqhambuka kwe-herpes.

Ukuba une-herpes yesini, kufuneka uxelele iqabane lakho ukuba unesi sifo, nokuba awunampawu.

Iikhondom zezona ndlela zokukhusela ekubambeni i-herpes yangasese ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.

• Sebenzisa ikhondom ngokuchanekileyo nangokungaguquguqukiyo ukunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo.
• Ziikhondom zelatex kuphela ezithintela usulelo. Iikhondomu zomzimba wezilwanyana (ufele lwegusha) azisebenzi kuba intsholongwane ingadlula kuzo.
• Ukusebenzisa ikhondom yabasetyhini kunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasaza i-herpes yangasese.
• Nangona kuncinci kakhulu, usenokufumana i-herpes yesini xa usebenzisa ikhondom.

Iherpes - amalungu esini; Iherpes simplex - isini; Iherpesvirus 2; HSV-2; I-HSV - ii-antivirals

• I-anatomy yokuzala yabasetyhini

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Umsebenzi we-US Preventive Services Task Force, i-Bibbins-Domingo K, iGrossman DC, et al. Ukuvavanywa kweSerologic kusulelo losuleleko lwe-herpes: I-US Preventive Services Task Force statement. JAMA.Ngo-2016; 316 (23): 2525-2530. IINKCUKACHA: 27997659 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27997659.

UWhitley RJ, uGnann JW. Usulelo lwe-Herpes simplex virus. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 350.

Indawo yokusebenza KA, Bolan GA; Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo noThintelo. Isikhokelo sonyango lwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, 2015. Ingcebiso kaMMWR. Ngo-2015; 64 (RR-03): 1-137. IINKCUKACHA: 26042815 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042815.