Izibophelelo

I-Shingles (i-herpes zoster) sisifo esibuhlungu, esikhulayo. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster, ilungu losapho lwe-herpes lweentsholongwane. Le ntsholongwane ikwabangela irhashalala.

Emva kokufumana irhashalala, umzimba wakho awuyikususa intsholongwane. Endaweni yoko, intsholongwane ihlala emzimbeni kodwa ayisebenzi (iba ilele) kwimithambo-luvo ethile emzimbeni. Ukushwabana kwenzeka emva kokuba intsholongwane iqale ukusebenza kwakhona kule mithambo-luvo emva kweminyaka emininzi. Abantu abaninzi babenobulali obunqabileyo benkukhu kwaye abaqondi ukuba banesifo.

Isizathu sokuba intsholongwane iphinde isebenze ngesiquphe asicaci. Amaxesha amaninzi kubakho uhlaselo olunye.

I-Shlesles inokukhula nakweliphi na iqela leminyaka. Kungenzeka ukuba uphuhlise imeko ukuba:

• Umdala kuneminyaka eyi-60
• Unenkukhu yenkukhu ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-1
• Amajoni akho omzimba buthathaka ngamayeza okanye zizifo

Ukuba umntu omdala okanye umntwana unonxibelelwano ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-shingles rash kwaye wayengenayo inkukhu njengomntwana okanye afumane isitofu sokugonya inkuku, banokuphuhlisa irhashalala, hayi ukubetha.

Uphawu lokuqala luhlala lubuhlungu, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukutshisa okwenzeka kwelinye icala lomzimba. Intlungu kunye nokutshisa kunokuba nzima kwaye zihlala zikhona ngaphambi kokuvela kokuqubuka.

Amabala abomvu eluswini, alandelwe ngamadyungudyungu amancinci, enza kubantu abaninzi:

• Amadyungudyungu aqhekeka, enze izilonda ezincinci eziqala ukoma kwaye zenze uqweqwe. Iimvumba ziyawa kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Ukuqhawuka kunqabile.
• Ukugqithisa ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya indawo emxinwa ukusuka kumqolo ojikeleze ngaphambili kwesisu okanye esifubeni.
• Ukukhawuleza kunokubandakanya ubuso, amehlo, umlomo kunye neendlebe.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
• Imvakalelo yokugula ngokubanzi
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu edibeneyo
• Izibilini ezivuthayo (i-lymph nodes)

Unokuba nobuhlungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, kunye nokugqithisa okubandakanya iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuso bakho ukuba i-shingles ichaphazela i-nerve ebusweni bakho. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Kunzima ukuhambisa ezinye izihlunu ebusweni
• Ukujikisa ijwabu leso (ptosis)
• Ukuphulukana nokuva
• Ukuphulukana nokuhamba kwamehlo
• Iingxaki zokungcamla
• Iingxaki zombono

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokujonga ulusu lwakho kwaye ubuze malunga nembali yakho yezonyango.

Uvavanyo kunqabile ukuba lufuneke, kodwa kunokubandakanya ukuthatha isampulu yolusu ukubona ukuba ulusu lusulelekile yintsholongwane.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukwanda kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neentsholongwane zentsholongwane yenkukhu. Kodwa iimvavanyo azinakukuqinisekisa ukuba irhashalala ibangelwe kukungunda

Umboneleli wakho unokumisela iyeza elilwa intsholongwane, elibizwa ngokuba sisiyobisi esiyintsholongwane. Eli chiza linceda ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukuthintela iingxaki kunye nokunciphisa ikhosi yesi sifo.

Amayeza asebenza kakhulu xa eqala kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-72 xa uqala ukuva iintlungu okanye ukutshisa. Kungcono ukuqala ukuzithatha ngaphambi kokuvela kwamadyunguza. Amayeza ahlala enikwa kwifom yeepilisi. Abanye abantu banokufuna ukufumana iyeza ngomthambo (nge-IV).

Amayeza anamandla okulwa nokudumba abizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids, anje nge-prednisone, anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba nentlungu.La mayeza awasebenzi kubo bonke abantu.

Amanye amayeza anokubandakanya:

• Antihistamines ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela (kuthathwe ngomlomo okanye kusetyenziswe kulusu)
• Amayeza entlungu
• I-Zostrix, ukhilimu oqukethe i-capsaicin (isicatshulwa sepepile) ukunciphisa iintlungu

Landela imiyalelo yomboneleli wakho malunga nendlela yokuzikhathalela ekhaya.

Amanye amanyathelo anokubandakanya:

• Ukunyamekela isikhumba sakho ngokusebenzisa ukupholisa, ukunyanzelisa okumanzi ukunciphisa intlungu, kunye nokuhlamba umzimba
• Ukuphumla ebhedini de umkhuhlane wehle

Hlala kude nabantu ngelixa izilonda zakho ziphuma ukunqanda ukosulela abo bangazange babe nenkuku-ingakumbi abasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

I-Herpes zoster ihlala icoca kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 kwaye kunqabile ukuba ibuye. Ukuba intsholongwane ichaphazela imithambo-luvo elawula intshukumo (iimoto zemithambo-luvo), unokuba buthathaka okwexeshana okanye okusisigxina okanye ukukhubazeka.

Ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu kwindawo apho kwenzeka khona i-shingles zinokuhlala ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka. Le ntlungu ibizwa ngokuba yi-neuralgia ye-postherpetic.

Kwenzeka xa iimbilini zonakaliswe emva kokuqhuma kweengqungquthela. Amanqanaba obuhlungu ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima obukhulu. I-neuralgia ye-Postherpetic kunokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Olunye uhlaselo lwee-shingles
• Usulelo lwegciwane
• Ubumfama (ukuba ukubetha kwenzeka kwiliso)
• Izithulu
• Usulelo, kubandakanya i-encephalitis ye-sepsis (usulelo lwegazi) kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• I-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ukuba i-shingles ichaphazela imithambo-luvo yobuso okanye indlebe

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unempawu ze-shingles, ngakumbi ukuba unesistim somzimba esibuthathaka okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaqhubeka okanye zibi. Izibophelelo ezichaphazela iliso zinokukhokelela kubumfama ngokusisigxina ukuba awufumani nkathalo yonyango olungxamisekileyo.

Musa ukuchukumisa irhashalala kunye namadyungudyungu kubantu abane-shingles okanye inkuku xa ungazange ube nenkukhu okanye isitofu sokugonya inkukhu.

Amachiza okugonya amabini e-shingles ayafumaneka ngoku kunye neyeza lokuphilisa. Isitofu sokugonya i-shingles sahlukile kunesitofu sokugonya se-chickenpox. Abantu abadala abadala abafumana isitofu sokugonya i-shingles abanakufane babenengxaki kwimeko.

I-Herpes zoster-shingles

• I-Herpes zoster (i-shingles) ngasemva
• Isikhumba sabantu abadala
• Izibophelelo
• I-Herpes zoster (i-shingles) -ukusondela kwesilonda
• I-Herpes zoster (i-shingles) entanyeni nasesidleleni
• I-Herpes zoster (i-shingles) esandleni
• I-Herpes zoster (shingles) iyasasazwa

IDinulos JGH. Iimfazwe, i-herpes simplex, kunye nezinye izifo zentsholongwane. Ku: I-Dinulos JGH, ed. Zonyango lwezonyango. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 12.

UWhitley RJ. I-chickenpox kunye ne-herpes zoster (varicella-zoster virus). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 136.