Isifo sokuqaqanjelwa kwamaphaphu

I-Esophageal atresia sisifo sokugaya ukutya apho i-esophagus ingakhuli kakuhle. I-esophagus yityhubhu eqhele ukuphatha ukutya ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini.

I-Esophageal atresia (EA) sisiphene sokuzalwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, indawo ephezulu yomqala iyaphela kwaye ayinxibelelani nomqala nesisu esisezantsi.

Uninzi lweentsana ezine-EA zinesinye isiphene esibizwa ngokuba yitracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Olu nxu lumano olungaqhelekanga phakathi komqala kunye nomoya (i-trachea).

Ukongeza, iintsana ezine-EA / TEF zihlala zine-tracheomalacia. Obu bubuthathaka kunye nokuntywila kweendonga zomoya, onokuthi ubangele ukuphefumla kuvakale phezulu okanye kungxola.

Abanye abantwana abane-EA / TEF banezinye iziphene ngokunjalo, ikakhulu iziphene zentliziyo.

Iimpawu ze-EA zingabandakanya:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulusu (i-cyanosis) ngokuzama ukondla
• Ukukhohlela, ukugoba, kunye nokukrwitshwa ngokuzama ukondla
• Ukutsala amathe
• Ukutya okungalunganga

Ngaphambi kokuzalwa, i-ultrasound yomama ingabonisa i-amniotic fluid eninzi. Oku kunokuba luphawu lwe-EA okanye olunye uvimba wendlela yokugaya usana.

Esi sifo sihlala sibonwa kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa xa usana luzama ukondla luze lukhohlele, lutsibe, lujike luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuba i-EA ikrokrelwa, umboneleli wezempilo uya kuzama ukudlulisa ityhubhu encinci yokondla ngomlomo wosana okanye impumlo esiswini. Ukuba ityhubhu yokondla ayinakudlula yonke indlela iye esiswini, usana luya kufunyaniswa lune-EA.

Emva koko kwenziwa iX-reyi kwaye iya kubonisa nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ingxowa ezaliswe ngumoya kwisisu.
• Umoya esiswini nasemathunjini.
• Ityhubhu yokondla iya kubonakala ibhijelwe kumphezulu ongaphezulu ukuba ibifakwe ngaphambi kwe-x-ray.

I-EA ngxamiseko yotyando. Utyando lokulungisa umqala lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa ukuze imiphunga ingonakali kwaye nosana londliwe.

Phambi kotyando, umntwana akaphakelwa ngomlomo kwaye uya kufuna ukutya okune-intravenous (IV). Unonophelo luyathathwa ukuthintela ukuhamba kwemfihlo yokuphefumla ukuya emiphungeni.

Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunika ithuba elingcono lesiphumo esihle.

Usana lunokuphefumla amathe nolunye ulwelo emiphungeni, lubangele inkanuko yenyumoniya, ukukrwitshwa, kunye nokufa.

Ezinye iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zokondla
• I-Reflux (ukuzisa okuphindaphindiweyo kokutya esiswini) emva kotyando
• Ukunciphisa (ukuqiniswa) kwe-esophagus ngenxa yokunqongophala kotyando

Ukuqala kwangaphambili kungayenza nzima imeko. Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, kunokubakho iziphene kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Esi sifo sihlala sifunyaniswa emva nje kokuzalwa.

Tsalela umnikezeli womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba umntwana ugabha ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokondliwa, okanye ukuba umntwana uba nobunzima bokuphefumla.

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IRothenberg SS. I-Esophageal atresia kunye ne-tracheoesophageal fistula malformations. Ku: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, St Peter SD, ii-eds. Uqhaqho lwabantwana lweHolcomb kunye neAshcraft. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahluko 27.

Ingcuka RB. Ukucinga ngesisu. Ku: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Isilivere RM, ii-eds. I-Creasy kunye neResnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2019: isahluko 26.