Ukusabela kwegazi ngeHemolytic

Impendulo yokumpontshelwa kwe-hemolytic yingxaki enkulu enokwenzeka emva kotofelo-gazi. Ukuphendula kwenzeka xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezazinikwe ngexesha lotofelo zatshatyalaliswa ngumzimba womntu. Xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zitshatyalalisiwe, inkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-hemolysis.

Kukho ezinye iintlobo zeempendulo zegazi ezingenakubangela i-hemolysis.

Igazi lihlelwa kwiindidi ezine ezahlukeneyo: A, B, AB, kunye no-O.

Enye indlela iiseli zegazi ezinokuhlelwa ngayo zizinto zeRh. Abantu abaneempawu zeRh egazini labo babizwa ngokuba yi "Rh positive." Abantu abangenazo ezi zinto babizwa ngokuba yi "Rh negative." Abantu abangenayo i-Rh benza i-antibodies ngokuchasene ne-Rh factor ukuba bafumana igazi le-Rh.

Kukwakho nezinye izinto ezichonga iiseli zegazi, ukongeza kwiABO kunye neRh.

Amajoni akho omzimba ahlala exelela iiseli zawo zegazi kwezomnye umntu. Ukuba ufumana igazi elingahambelaniyo negazi lakho, umzimba wakho uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezitshabalalisa iiseli zegazi lomnikeli. Le nkqubo ibangela ukusabela kotofelo-gazi. Igazi olifumanayo xa utofelwa igazi kufuneka lihambelane nelakho igazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho awunazo izilwa-buhlungu ngokuchasene negazi owafumanayo.

Uninzi lwexesha, ukongezwa kwegazi phakathi kwamaqela ahambelanayo (anje ngo-O + ukuya ku-O +) akubangeli ngxaki. Ukumpontshelwa igazi phakathi kwamaqela angahambelaniyo (anje ngo-A + ukuya ku-O-) kubangela impendulo yomzimba. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimpembelelo enkulu yotofelo-gazi. Amajoni omzimba ahlasela iiseli zegazi ezinikelweyo, ezibangela ukuba zigqabhuke.

Namhlanje, lonke igazi lihlolwe ngononophelo. Ukusabela kotofelo kunqabile.

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Umqolo obuhlungu
• Umchamo wegazi
• Ukugodola
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla okanye isiyezi
• Ifiva
• Intlungu yeflank
• Ukuhluza ulusu

Iimpawu zempendulo yegazi ye-hemolytic zihlala zibonakala ngexesha okanye kanye emva kotofelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokukhula emva kweentsuku ezininzi (ukuphendula okubambezelekileyo).

Esi sifo sinokutshintsha iziphumo zolu vavanyo:

• I-CBC
• Uvavanyo lweeCombs, ngqo
• Uvavanyo lweeCombs, ngokungangqalanga
• Iimveliso zokuthotywa kweFibrin
• IHaptoglobin
• Ixesha le-thromboplastin ngexesha
• Ixesha leprothrombin
• Isirum bilirubin
• I-serum creatinine
• Iseli yehemoglobin
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• Umchamo wehemoglobin

Ukuba iimpawu zenzeka ngexesha lotofelo-gazi, utofelo-gazi kufuneka lumiswe kwangoko. Iisampulu zegazi ezivela kumamkeli (umntu ofumana utofelo-gazi) nakumnikeli zinokuvavanywa ukuxela ukuba ngaba iimpawu zibangelwa kukusabela kotofelo.

Iimpawu ezinobulali zinokunyangwa nge:

• I-Acetaminophen, isiqabu sentlungu ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokungonwabi
• Ulwelo olunikwa ngomthambo (efakwa ngaphakathi) kunye namanye amayeza ukunyanga okanye ukunqanda ukusilela kwezintso kunye nokothuka

Isiphumo sixhomekeke kwindlela esibi ngayo impendulo. Ingxaki inokuphela ngaphandle kweengxaki. Okanye, kunokuba nzima kwaye kusongele ubomi.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Iingxaki zemiphunga
• Umothuko

Xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba utofelwa igazi kwaye ubukhe wasabela ngaphambili.

Igazi elinikelweyo lifakwa kumaqela eABO kunye neRh ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphendula kutofelo-gazi.

Phambi kotofelo, ulwamkelo kunye negazi lomnikeli liyavavanywa (lilinganisiwe) ukubona ukuba ziyahambelana na. Inani elincinci legazi lokunikela lixutywe kunye nexabiso elincinci lokufumana igazi. Umxube uhlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukufumana iimpawu zokuphendula komzimba.

Phambi kokuba utofelwe igazi, umboneleli wakho uya kuhlala ejonga kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana igazi elifanelekileyo.

Ukuphendula ngokutofelwa igazi

• Iiproteni zomphezulu zibangela ukwaliwa

Ulungelelaniso LT. Iyeza lotofelo-gazi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 177.

Iholo JE. Iindidi zegazi; utofelo-gazi; ukufakelwa kwamalungu kunye nezicwili. Ku: Iholo JE, ed. Incwadi kaGuyton kunye neHolo yePhysical Physiology. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 36.

I-Savage W.Umphumo wokudluliselwa kwegazi kunye neemveliso zonyango lweeseli. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ii-eds. I-Hematology: Imigaqo esisiseko kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2018: isahluko 119.