ISyringomyelia

I-Syringomyelia yingqokelela efana ne-cyst ye-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) eyenzeka kwintambo yomqolo. Ixesha elingaphezulu liyonakalisa intambo yomqolo.

I-cyst egcwele ulwelo ibizwa ngokuba yi-syrinx. Ukwakhiwa komqolo womqolo kunokubangelwa:

• Iziphene zokuzalwa (ngakumbi i-Chiari malformation, apho inxenye yengqondo ityhalela ezantsi kwintambo yomqolo kwisiseko solukakayi)
• Intlungu yomqolo
• Amathumba omthambo womqolo

I-cyst egcwele ulwelo ihlala iqala kwindawo yentamo. Iyanda kancinci, ibeka uxinzelelo kwintambo yomqolo kwaye yenze kancinci umonakalo.

Ukuqala kwe-syringomyelia kuhlala kuphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 ukuya kuma-40 ubudala. Amadoda achaphazeleka ngakumbi kunabasetyhini.

Ukuba imeko ibangelwe ziziphene zokuzalwa, akunakubakho zimpawu kude kube kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuya kuma-40 ubudala. Iimpawu ze-syringomyelia zihlala zibonakala kancinci kwaye zisiya zisanda kwiminyaka emininzi. Kwimeko yokwenzakala, ukuqala kweempawu kunokuba kwasekuqaleni kwiinyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ubudala. Ukuba kukho iimpawu, zinokubandakanya:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• I-Scoliosis (kubantwana)
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima bemisipha (ukumosha, i-atrophy), rhoqo ezingalweni nasezandleni
• Ukuphulukana nengqondo kwimilenze ephezulu
• Ukonyusa ikamva kwimilenze esezantsi
• Spasms okanye ukuqina emlenzeni okanye esandleni nakwizihlunu zengalo
• Ukuphulukana nomsebenzi wemisipha, ukulahleka kokukwazi ukusebenzisa iingalo okanye imilenze
• Ubudenge obunciphisa uvakalelo lwentlungu okanye ubushushu; kunciphisa amandla okuziva xa ulusu luchukumiseka; kwenzeka entanyeni, emagxeni, ezingalweni eziphezulu, kunye nesiqu kwipateni efana nekapa; kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iya isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha
• Intlungu phantsi kweengalo, intamo, okanye kumqolo ophakathi okanye emilenzeni
• Ubuthathaka (ukunciphisa amandla emisipha) kwiingalo okanye emilenzeni
• Ukutsha okungafunekiyo okanye ukwenzakala kwesandla
• Kunzima ukuhamba okanye uzwane ukuhamba ebantwaneni
• Ukuhamba okungalawulekiyo kwamehlo (nystagmus)
• Imeko echaphazela imithambo-luvo yamehlo nasebusweni (isifo seHorner)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu, egxile kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo. Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-MRI yentloko kunye nomqolo
• I-Spinal CT scan kunye ne-myelogram (inokwenziwa xa iMRI ingenakwenzeka)

Akukho lonyango lusebenzayo lwe-syringomyelia. Iinjongo zonyango kukumisa umonakalo wentambo yomqolo ekubeni mandundu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza.

Utyando lunokufuneka ukuze ukhulule uxinzelelo kwintambo yomqolo. Unyango lomzimba kunye nolomsebenzi lunokufuneka ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemisipha.

I-Ventriculoperitoneal shunting okanye i-syringosubarachnoid shunting inokufuneka. Le yinkqubo apho kufakwa khona i-catheter (ibhityile, ityhubhu eguqukayo) ukuze kucocwe ulwakhiwo lwamanzi.

Ngaphandle konyango, esi sifo sinokuya sicotha kancinci. Ixesha elingaphezulu, kunokubangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu.

Utyando luhlala luyekisa imeko ukuba mandundu. Umsebenzi wenkqubo yemithambo-luvo uya kuphucula malunga ne-30% yabantu abenziwe utyando.

Ngaphandle konyango, imeko inokukhokelela ku:

• Ukuphulukana nokusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
• Ukukhubazeka ngokusisigxina

Iingxaki ezinokubakho zotyando zibandakanya:

• Usulelo
• Ezinye iingxaki zotyando

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uneempawu zesyringomyelia.

Akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela le meko, ngaphandle kokuthintela ukwenzakala kwithambo lomqolo. Ukunyangwa kwangoko kunciphisa ingxaki ukuba ibe mandundu.

Syrinx

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central

I-Batzdorf U. ISyringomyelia. Ku: Shen FH, Samartzis D, Fessler RG, ii-eds. Incwadi yesicatshulwa yomlomo wesibeleko. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 29.

I-Benglis DM, iJea A, iVanni S, i-Shah AH, iGreen BA. ISyringomyelia. Ku: Garfin SR, Eismont FJ, Bell GR, Fischgrund JS, Bono CM, ii-eds. URothman-Simeone kunye noHerkowitz The Spine. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 94.

URoguski M, uSamdani AF, uHwang SW. I-syringomyelia yabantu abadala. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ugqirha we-Youmans kunye no-Winn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 301.