Imasisi

Imasisi sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu (esisasazeka ngokulula) esibangelwa yintsholongwane.

Imasisi isasazeka ngokudibana namathontsi asuka empumlweni, emlonyeni, nasemqaleni womntu osulelekileyo. Ukuthimla nokukhohlela kungabeka amathontsi angcolileyo emoyeni.

Ukuba umntu omnye unemasisi, ama-90% abantu abadibana naloo mntu bayayifumana imasisi, ngaphandle kokuba ugonyiwe.

Abantu ababenemasisi okanye abagonyelwe imasisi bakhuselekile kwesi sifo. Ngo-2000, imasisi yayisuswe eMelika. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abangagonyelwanga abaya kwamanye amazwe apho ixhaphake kakhulu imasisi baye basibuyisela eUnited States esi sifo. Oku kuye kwakhokelela kuqhambuko lwamva lwemasisi kumaqela abantu abangagonywanga.

Abanye abazali abavumeli abantwana babo ukuba bagonywe. Kungenxa yoloyiko olungenasiseko lokuba isitofu sokugonya seMMR, esikhusela kwimasisi, uqwilikana, kunye nerubella, sinokubangela i-autism. Abazali kunye nabanonopheli kufuneka bazi ukuba:

• Izifundo ezikhulu zamawaka abantwana azifumananga unxibelelwano phakathi kwale okanye naluphi na ugonyo kunye ne-autism.
• Uphengululo ngayo yonke imibutho yezempilo eMelika, Great Britain, nakwezinye iindawo zonke azifumananga KUNYE UQHAGAMSHELWANO phakathi kogonyo lwe-MMR kunye ne-autism.
• Uphononongo olwaxela okokuqala umngcipheko we-autism kolu gonyo lungqiniwe lubuqhetseba.

Iimpawu zemasisi ziqala kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14 emva kokuvezwa yile ntsholongwane. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lixesha lokufukama.

I-Rash ihlala iluphawu oluphambili. Irhashalala:

• Ngokwesiqhelo kuvela iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kwempawu zokuqala zokugula
• Ngamana ungagcina iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7
• Ngokwesiqhelo iqala entloko kwaye isasazeka iye kwezinye iindawo, ihambisa umzimba
• Zingavela njengendawo ethe tyaba, enemibala (iiemicule) kunye neendawo eziqinileyo, ezibomvu, eziphakanyisiweyo (iipapuli) ezidityaniswa kamva
• Ukurhawuzelela

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Amehlo aligazi
• Khohlela
• Ifiva
• Ubuntununtunu bokukhanya (photophobia)
• Intlungu yezihlunu
• Amehlo abomvu kwaye avuthayo (i-conjunctivitis)
• Impumlo enemifinya
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Amabala amhlophe amancinci ngaphakathi emlonyeni (amabala eKoplik)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu. Uxilongo lunokwenziwa ngokujonga irhashalala kunye nokubona amabala eKoplik emlonyeni. Ngamanye amaxesha imasisi inokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kuvavanyo lwegazi.

Akukho lunyango luthile kwimasisi.

Oku kulandelayo kunokunciphisa iimpawu:

• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• Ukuphumla kwebhedi
• Umoya humidified

Abanye abantwana banokufuna izongezo zikavithamini A, ezinciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kunye neengxaki kubantwana abangenalo ivithamin A.

Abo bangenazo iingxaki ezifana nenyumoniya benza kakuhle kakhulu.

Iingxaki zentsholongwane yemasisi zingabandakanya:

• Ukucaphuka kunye nokudumba kweendinyana eziphambili ezithwala umoya ukuya kwimiphunga (i-bronchitis)
• Urhudo
• Ukucaphuka kunye nokudumba kwengqondo (encephalitis)
• Usulelo lwendlebe (i-otitis media)
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneempawu zemasisi.

Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela imasisi. Abantu abangagonywanga, okanye abangakhange bafumane kugonyo olupheleleyo, basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokubamba esi sifo ukuba bathe bavezwa.

Ukuthatha i-serum immune globulin kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-6 emva kokuvezwa kwintsholongwane kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo semasisi okanye wenze isifo singabi qatha.

URubeola

• Imasisi, amabala eKoplik - ukusondela
• Imasisi ngasemva
• Iintsholongwane

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Imasisi (rubeola). www.cdc.gov/measles/index.html. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 5, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoNovemba 6, 2020.

I-Cherry JD, i-Lugo D. Intsholongwane yeMasisi. Ku: UCherry JD, uHarrison GJ, uKaplan SL, uSteinbach WJ, uHotez PJ, ii-eds. Incwadi kaFeigin kunye neCherry yezifo ezosulelayo zabantwana. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 180.

UMaldonado YA, uShetty AK. Intsholongwane yeRubeola: imasisi kunye ne-subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Ku: I-SS ende, iProber CG, uFischer M, ii-eds. Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nezifo ezosulelayo zabantwana. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 227.