Ityhefu yeoyile yepetroli

Ityhefu yeoyile yeoyile yenzeka xa umntu eginya, ephefumlela ngaphakathi (inhales), okanye xa echukumisa ioyile yamafutha.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziihydrocarbon zizinto eziyingozi kwioyile yeoyile.

Ezi zinto zifumaneka kwi:

• Ioyile yeoyile
• Iparafini
• Ipetroli

Kukho enye imithombo yeoli yeoli.

Apha ngezantsi ziimpawu zetyhefu yeoyile yeoyile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Ukuphulukana nombono
• Intlungu emqaleni
• Intlungu okanye ukutshisa empumlweni, amehlo, iindlebe, imilebe, okanye ulwimi

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Intlungu zesisu
• Igazi esitulweni
• Urhudo
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukuhlanza, (kunokuba negazi)

INTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukuwa
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi olukhula ngokukhawuleza

Amaphaphu

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima (ngokuphefumla umsi)
• Ukudumba komqala (kunokubangela nobunzima bokuphefumla)

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• Uxinzelelo
• Kunzima ukugxila
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukozela
• Ukuziva unxilile (euphoria)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ubumhlophe
• Ukuphulukana nokulumka (ukungabikho zingqondweni)
• Ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula)
• Iyothusa
• Ubuthathaka

ULusu

• Amadyungudyungu
• Tshisa
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukuxobuka kolusu

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ityhefu okanye umniki-nkonzo akuyalela.

Ukuba ioyile yamafutha iseluswini okanye emehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eyi-15.

Ukuba umntu uginye ioyile, mnike amanzi okanye ubisi kwangoko, ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli akakuxeleli. SUKUNIKA nantoni na ukuba isele xa umntu eneempawu ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuginya. Oku kubandakanya ukugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye inqanaba lokuncipha lokuqaphela.

Ukuba umntu uphefumle umsi, mshukumisele kumoya omtsha ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso, ukuba iyaziwa
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Ikhamera ye-Bronchoscopy ibekwe ezantsi emqaleni ukukhangela ukutsha kwindlela yomoya kunye nemiphunga
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukujonga ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Iyeza lokunyanga iimpawu
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela), mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze uhlambe isisu (ukuhlamba isisu)
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni kwaye uqhagamshele kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke ekubeni i-oyile eginyiweyo yaginywa kangakanani kwaye unyango lufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango lunikwa, ngcono ithuba lokuchacha.

Ukuginya ezo tyhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Ukutshiswa kwindlela yomoya okanye kwithumbu kunokukhokelela kwi-necrosis yethishu, okukhokelela kusulelo, ukothuka kunye nokufa, kwaneenyanga ezininzi emva kokuba into iginyiwe okokuqala. Amabala anokuvela kwezi zihlunu zikhokelela kubunzima bexesha elide ngokuphefumla, ukugwinya kunye nokwetyisa.

Ukuba ioyile yamafutha ingena emiphungeni (intshisakalo), umonakalo onobuzaza onokwenzeka kwaye unomphela unokwenzeka.

UAronons JK. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 385-389.

U-Wang GS, uBuchanan JA. IiHydrocarbon. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 152.