Ukulungiswa kwe-anus

Ukulungiswa kwe-anus engalunganga lutyando ukulungisa isiphene sokuzalwa kubandakanya i-rectum kunye ne-anus.

Isiphene esingafakwanga kakuhle sesinqe sithintela uninzi okanye sonke isitulo ekubeni sidlule kwi-rectum.

Olu tyando lwenziwa njani luxhomekeke kuhlobo lokungabinamthetho. Olu tyando lwenziwa phantsi kweanesthesia ngokubanzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba usana lulele kwaye aluva zintlungu ngexesha lenkqubo.

Ukuphelisa ukungalunganga okungapheliyo:

• Isinyathelo sokuqala kubandakanya ukukhulisa ukuvula apho i-stool idonsa khona, ngoko isitulo sinokugqithisa ngokulula.
• Utyando lubandakanya ukuvala nayiphi na indawo encinci yokuvula ityhubhu (i-fistula), ukudala ukuvulwa kwe-anal, kunye nokubeka isingxobo se-rectal kwindawo evulekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-anoplasty.
• Umntwana kufuneka athathe rhoqo izinto ezithambisa isitulo iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga.

Utyando ezimbini zihlala zifuneka ukulungiselela ukungalunganga okungapheliyo:

• Utyando lokuqala lubizwa ngokuba yicolostomy. Ugqirha wenza ukuvula (i-stoma) kulusu nakwizihlunu zodonga lwesisu. Ukuphela kwethumbu elikhulu kuqhotyoshelwe ekuvulekeni. I-Stool iya kutyhafaza ibhegi eqhotyoshelwe esiswini.
• Umntwana uhlala evunyelwe ukuba akhule kangangeenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Kutyando lwesibini, ugqirha wotyando uhambisa ikholoni kwindawo entsha. Kusikiwe kwindawo engasemva ukutsala isingxobo se-rectal phantsi endaweni kunye nokwenza ukuvulwa kwempundu.
• I-colostomy iya kushiyeka endaweni iinyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphezulu.

Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga ngqo nendlela eya kwenziwa ngayo utyando.

Utyando lulungisa isiphako ukuze isitulo sikwazi ukuhamba ngeraba.

Iingozi ezivela kwi-anesthesia kunye nokuhlinzwa ngokubanzi zibandakanya:

• Impendulo kumayeza
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukopha, amahlwili egazi, usulelo

Iingozi zale nkqubo zibandakanya:

• Umonakalo kwi-urethra (ityhubhu ethwala umchamo ngaphandle kwesinyi)
• Umonakalo kwi-ureter (ityhubhu ethwala umchamo kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi)
• Umngxuma okhula eludongeni lwamathumbu
• Unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga (fistula) phakathi kwe-anus kunye nelungu lobufazi okanye ulusu
• Ukuvulwa kwe-anus
• Iingxaki zexesha elide ngokuhamba kwamathumbu ngenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu kwikholoni kunye ne-rectum (inokuba kukuqunjelwa okanye ukungonwabi)
• Ukukhubazeka okwethutyana kwesisu (ileus ekhubazekileyo)

Landela imiyalelo yendlela yokulungiselela umntwana wakho ukuba enze utyando.

Usana lwakho lunokukwazi ukuya ekhaya kamva ngalo olo suku ukuba isiphako esincinci silungisiwe. Okanye, umntwana wakho uya kudinga ukuchitha iintsuku ezininzi esibhedlele.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kusebenzisa isixhobo ukolula (ukunciphisa) umngxuma omtsha. Oku kwenziwa ukuphucula ithoni yemisipha kunye nokuthintela ukunciphisa. Ukolula kufuneka kwenziwe iinyanga ezininzi.

Uninzi lweziphene lunokulungiswa ngoqhaqho. Abantwana abaneziphene ezinqabileyo bahlala benza kakuhle kakhulu. Kodwa, ukuqhina kunokuba yingxaki.

Abantwana abanolugqwirha oluntsonkothileyo bahlala benolawulo lokuhamba kwabo kwamathumbu. Kodwa, bahlala befuna ukulandela inkqubo yamathumbu. Oku kubandakanya ukutya ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu, ukuthatha izitya zokuthambisa, ngamanye amaxesha usebenzisa i-enemas.

Abanye abantwana banokufuna utyando olungakumbi. Uninzi lwaba bantwana luya kudinga ukulandelwa kufutshane ebomini.

Abantwana abane-anus engachanekanga banokuba nezinye iziphene zokuzalwa, kubandakanya iingxaki zentliziyo, izintso, iingalo, imilenze, okanye umqolo.

Ukulungiswa kwe-anorectal malformation; Ingcaciso engagungqiyo; Isimilo esingathandekiyo; Umdaka ongaziwayo

• Ukulungiswa kwe-anus yokulungisa-uthotho

I-Bischoff A, i-Levitt MA, i-Peña A. yokuqaqambisa i-anus. Ku: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, ii-eds. Izifo zesisu esiswini kunye nezifo zesibindi. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 55.

Shanti CM. Iimeko zoqhaqho lwe-anus kunye ne-rectum. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 371.