Ukususwa kwezintso

Ukususwa kwezintso, okanye i-nephrectomy, kutyando lokususa konke okanye inxalenye yezintso. Inokubandakanya:

• Icandelo lesinye sezintso lisuswe (inefrectomy ekhethekileyo).
• Zonke izintso zisuswe (i-nephrectomy elula).
• Ukususwa kwezintso zonke, amafutha ajikelezileyo, kunye ne-adrenal gland (i-nephrectomy egqibeleleyo). Kule meko, ii-lymph node ezikufutshane ngamanye amaxesha ziyasuswa.

Olu tyando lwenziwa esibhedlele ngelixa uleleyo kwaye ungenazintlungu (anesthesia jikelele). Inkqubo inokuthatha iiyure ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu.

I-nephrectomy elula okanye ukususwa kwezintso ezivulekileyo:

• Uya kulala ngecala. Ugqirha wakho uza kusika (ukusika) ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-12 okanye iisentimitha ezingama-30 ubude. Oku kunqunyulwa kuya kuba kwicala lakho, ngaphantsi kweembambo okanye ngasekunene kweembambo ezisezantsi.
• Imisipha, amanqatha, kunye nezicubu zinqunyiwe kwaye zihanjiswe. Ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukususa ubambo ukuze enze inkqubo.
• Umbhobho ohambisa umchamo kwizintso uye kwisinyi (ureter) kunye nemithambo yegazi iyaqhawulwa kwizintso. Izintso ziyasuswa.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, inxenye yezintso ingasuswa (i-nephrectomy ekhethekileyo).
• Ukunqunyulwa kuvaliwe ngokuthunga okanye ukutya.

Radical nephrectomy okanye ukususwa kwezintso ezivulekileyo:

• Ugqirha wakho uza kusika malunga nee-intshi ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-12 (i-20 ukuya kwi-30 cm) ubude. Oku kunqunyulwa kuya kuba ngaphambili kwesisu sakho, ngaphantsi kweembambo zakho. Inokwenziwa nakwicala lakho.
• Imisipha, amanqatha, kunye nezicubu zinqunyiwe kwaye zihanjiswe. Umbhobho ohambisa umchamo kwizintso uye kwisinyi (ureter) kunye nemithambo yegazi iyaqhawulwa kwizintso. Izintso ziyasuswa.
• Ugqirha wakho uya kukhupha amanqatha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-adrenal gland kunye nezinye i-lymph nodes.
• Ukunqunyulwa kuvaliwe ngokuthunga okanye ukutya.

Ukususwa kwezintso nge-laparoscopic:

• Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza i-3 okanye i-4 encinci ukusika, ihlala ingabikho ngaphezulu kwe-intshi enye (2.5 cm) nganye, esiswini nakwicala lakho. Ugqirha uya kusebenzisa iiprobes ezincinci kunye nekhamera ukwenza utyando.
• Ukuya esiphelweni senkqubo, ugqirha wakho uyakwenza ukusikeka okukhulu (malunga nee-intshi ezi-4 okanye isentimitha ezili-10) ukukhupha izintso.
• Ugqirha uya kuyisika i-ureter, abeke ibhegi ejikeleze izintso, kwaye ayitsale kwindawo enkulu.
• Olu tyando lunokuthatha ixesha elide kunokususwa kwezintso. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokukhawuleza kwaye luziva iintlungu zincinci emva kolu hlobo lotyando xa kuthelekiswa nentlungu kunye nexesha lokubuyisela emva kotyando oluvulekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho wotyando unokusika endaweni eyahlukileyo kunokuba kuchaziwe apha ngasentla.

Ezinye izibhedlele kunye namaziko onyango enza olu tyando besebenzisa izixhobo zerobhothi.

Ukususwa kwezintso kunokucetyiswa:

• Umntu onikela ngezintso
• Iziphene zokuzalwa
• Umhlaza wezintso okanye umhlaza wezintso okrokrelwayo
• Intso eyonakaliswe lusulelo, amatye ezintso, okanye ezinye iingxaki
• Ukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kumntu onengxaki yokuhanjiswa kwegazi kwizintso zakhe
• Ukulimala kakhulu (trauma) kwizintso ezingenakulungiswa

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni anokuhamba aye emiphungeni
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Usulelo, kubandakanya inxeba lotyando, imiphunga (inyumoniya), isinyi, okanye izintso
• Ukuphulukana negazi
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha xa uqhaqho
• Impendulo kumayeza

Iingozi zale nkqubo zezi:

• Ukwenzakala kwamanye amalungu okanye izakhiwo
• Ukusilela kwezintso kwizintso eseleyo
• Emva kokuba enye intso isuswe, ezinye izintso zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle okomzuzwana
• IHernia yenxeba lakho lotyando

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo:

• Ukuba unokukhulelwa
• Zeziphi iziyobisi ozithathayo, nditsho neziyobisi, izongezo, iivithamini, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo

Ngexesha leentsuku ngaphambi kotyando:

• Uya kuba neesampulu zegazi ezithi zithathe xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kufuneka utofelwe igazi.
• Unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), Clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), kunye nabanye abacoci gazi.
• Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi omele uzithathe ngosuku lotyando.
• Musa ukutshaya. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uphinde ufumane ngokukhawuleza.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Uya kuhlala ucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na emva kobusuku phakathi kobusuku ngaphambi kokwenziwa kotyando.
• Thatha la machiza njengoko uxelelwe, ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Uya kuhlala esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-7, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lotyando onalo. Ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, unga:

• Celwa ukuba uhlale ecaleni kwebhedi kwaye uhambe kwangolo suku lotyando lwakho
• Yiba nombhobho, okanye ipayinti, evela kwisinyi sakho
• Yiba nedreyini ephuma ngokusikwa kwakho
• Ukungabinakho ukutya iintsuku zokuqala ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3, emva koko uya kuqala ngolwelo
• Khuthazwa ukuba wenze imithambo yokuphefumla
• Nxiba isitokhwe esikhethekileyo, iibhutsi zoxinzelelo, okanye zombini ukuthintela amahlwili egazi
• Fumana izithonga phantsi kolusu lwakho ukunqanda amahlwili egazi
• Fumana iyeza lentlungu kwimithambo yakho okanye iipilisi

Ukuchacha kutyando oluvulekileyo kunokuba buhlungu ngenxa yendawo yokusikwa kotyando. Ukubuyiselwa emva kwenkqubo ye-laparoscopic ihlala ikhawuleza, ngaphandle kwentlungu.

Iziphumo zihlala zilungile xa kususwa intso enye. Ukuba zombini izintso ziyasuswa, okanye izintso eziseleyo azisebenzi kakuhle, uyakufuna i-hemodialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

I-Nephrectomy; Nephrectomy elula; I-nephrectomy egqibeleleyo; I-nephrectomy evulekileyo; Nephrectomy yelaparoscopic; Nephrectomy ekhethekileyo

• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela kubantu abadala
• Ukususwa kwezintso - ukubhobhoza
• Ukuthintela ukuwa
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile

• Izintso
• Ukususwa kwezintso (nephrectomy) - uthotho

UBabaian KN, uDelacroix SE, uWood CG, uJonasch E. Umhlaza wezintso. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 41.

I-Olumi AF, iPreston MA, iBlute ML. Utyando oluvulekileyo lwezintso. Ku: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, ii-eds. UCampbell-Walsh Urology. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 60.

USchwartz MJ, uRais-Bahrami S, uKavoussi LR. Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic kunye ne-robotic yezintso. Ku: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, ii-eds. UCampbell-Walsh Urology. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 61.