Ukuhla kwesilumkiso

Ukwehla kokuphaphama yimeko yokuncitshiswa kolwazi kwaye yimeko embi.

Ikhoma yimeko yokwehla kokuphaphama umntu angenakuvuswa kuyo. Ikhoma yexesha elide ibizwa ngokuba sisityalo.

Iimeko ezininzi zinokubangela ukunciphisa ukuphaphama, kubandakanya:

• Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo
• Ukudinwa kakhulu okanye ukungalali ngokwaneleyo
• Iswekile yegazi ephezulu okanye iswekile esezantsi yegazi
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi lwegazi
• Usulelo olunzima okanye olubandakanya ingqondo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi
• Iimeko zeThyroid ezibangela amanqanaba asezantsi e-thyroid okanye amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-thyroid

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye ukulimala, njenge:

• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo okanye isifo se-Alzheimer (iimeko eziphambili)
• Ukubandezeleka kwentloko (ukumodareyitha ukuya kumatyala amandundu)
• Ukuhlutha
• Ukubethwa sisibetho (ngesiqhelo xa ukubetha kukhulu okanye kutshabalalise iindawo ezithile zobuchopho ezinje nge-brainstem okanye i-thalamus)
• Usulelo oluchaphazela ingqondo enje nge-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis

Ukwenzakala okanye iingozi, ezinje:

• Iingozi zokuntywila kunye nokuntywila
• Ukubethwa bubushushu
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi kakhulu (hypothermia)

Iingxaki zentliziyo okanye zokuphefumla, ezinje:

• Isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• Ukungabikho kweoksijini kuso nasiphi na isizathu
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo
• Izifo ezikhulu zemiphunga
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu

Ityhefu kunye neziyobisi, ezinje:

• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala (ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala okanye ukonakalisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala ixesha elide)
• Ukubonakaliswa kwizinyithi ezinzima, ii-hydrocarbon, okanye iigesi ezinobuthi
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi ezinje nge-opiates, i-narcotic, i-sedatives, kunye ne-anti-ixhala okanye amayeza okubamba
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga phantse kuwo onke amayeza, afana nalawo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzula, ukudakumba, isifo sengqondo kunye nezinye izifo

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango nakuphi na ukwehla kwengqondo, nokuba kubangelwa ukunxila, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, okanye kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo esele ichongiwe.

Abantu abanesathuthwane okanye ezinye iingxaki zokuthimba kufuneka banxibe isacholo se-ID okanye isacholo somqala esichaza imeko yabo. Kufuneka baziphephe iimeko eziye zakhokelela ekubanjweni ngaphambili.

Fumana uncedo lonyango ukuba umntu uthe wehla ukuphapha ongenakuchaza. Tsalela umnxeba kwindawo yongxamiseko yendawo yakho (enje nge-911) ukuba ulumko oluqhelekileyo alubuyi ngokukhawuleza.

Rhoqo, umntu onolwazi olucothayo uya kuvavanywa kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uviwo luya kubandakanya ukujonga okunzulu kwintliziyo, ukuphefumla, kunye ne-nervous system.

Iqela lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kubuza imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango lomntu kunye neempawu, kubandakanya:

Umzekelo wexesha

• Kwenzeka nini ukulumkisa okucuthayo?
• Lide ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba yakha yenzeka ngaphambili? Ukuba kunjalo, kangaphi?
• Ngaba umntu uziphathe ngendlela efanayo ngexesha leziqendu ezidlulileyo?

Imbali yezonyango

• Ngaba umntu unesathuthwane okanye unengxaki yokuthimba?
• Ngaba umntu unesifo seswekile?
• Ebelele kamnandi lomntu?
• Ngaba kukho ukonzakala kwentloko kutshanje?

Okunye

• Ngawaphi amayeza athatyathwa ngumntu?
• Ngaba umntu usebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi rhoqo?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo?

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi okanye umahluko wegazi
• I-CT scan okanye iMRI yentloko
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• I-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)
• Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Iphaneli yetyhefu kunye nenqanaba lotywala
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuncipha kokuphapha. Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sale meko.

Okude umntu ukuba anciphise ukulumka, iba mbi isiphumo.

Ngamandla; Isimo sengqondo - sinciphile; Ukuphulukana nokulumka; Ukunciphisa ukuqonda; Utshintsho kulwazi; Ubundlobongela; Coma; Ukungaphenduli

• Ukuxubusha kubantu abadala-ukukhutshwa
• Ukuxubana ebantwaneni-ukukhutshwa
• Ukuthintela ukwenzakala entloko ebantwaneni

U-Lei C, Smith C. Ukudakumba kokuqonda kunye ne-coma. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 13.

IWilber ST, iOndrejka JE. Isimo esitshintshileyo sengqondo kunye nokuphambana. Iiklinikhi zase-Emerg Med eMantla Am. Ngo-2016; 34 (3): 649-665. IINKCUKACHA: 27475019 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27475019.