Yintoni eTshintshiweyo kwiZikhokelo zeDigital zika2020-2025 zabantu baseMelika?

Umxholo

• Olona tshintsho lukhulu kwiZikhokelo zokutya zika-2020
• Iingcebiso ezine eziphambili
• Yenza yonke into yokuluma
• Khetha eyakho iipatheni zokutya ezizodwa
• Uphengululo lwe

ISebe lezoLimo lase-US (i-USDA) kunye neSebe lezeMpilo lase-US kunye neSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu (HHS) baye bakhupha ngokudibeneyo uluhlu lwezikhokelo zokutya rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukususela ngo-1980. basempilweni, abo basengozini yezifo ezinxulumene nokutya (ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, umhlaza kunye nokutyeba), kunye nabo baphila nezi zifo.

Izikhokelo zokutya zika-2020-2025 zisanda kukhutshwa nge-28 kaDisemba, ngo-2020 kunye notshintsho olukhulu, kubandakanya nemiba yesondlo engazange ihoywe ngaphambili. Nantsi ukujonga kolunye utshintsho olukhulu kunye nohlaziyo lwezincomo zokutya zamva nje - kubandakanywa oko kuhleli okufanayo kwaye kutheni.

Olona tshintsho lukhulu kwiZikhokelo zokutya zika-2020

Ngexesha lokuqala iminyaka engama-40, izikhokelo zokutya zibonelela ngesikhokelo sokutya kuzo zonke izigaba zobomi ukusuka ekuzalweni ukuya ebudaleni obudala, kubandakanya ukukhulelwa kunye nokuncancisa. Ngoku unokufumana izikhokelo kunye neemfuno ezithile zabantwana kunye neentsana ezineminyaka engama-0 ukuya kuma-24, kubandakanywa ubude bexesha lokuncancisa kuphela (ubuncinci beenyanga ezi-6), nini ukuzisa izinto eziqinileyo kunye nokuba zeziphi izinto eziqinileyo oza kuzazisa, kunye nengcebiso yokwazisa ipeanut -enokutya kwiintsana ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu we-peanut allergy phakathi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Ezi zikhokelo zikwacebisa ngezondlo kunye nokutya ekufuneka kutyiwe ngabasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuncancisa ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zezakhamzimba zabo bobabini kunye nosana lwabo. Ngokubanzi, kukho ugxininiso lokuba akukaze kube kudala kakhulu, okanye kusemva kwexesha kakhulu, ukuba utye kakuhle.

Iibenchmarks ezipheleleyo zokutya okunempilo, nangona kunjalo, ziye zahlala zifana kwiintlelo ezahlukeneyo zezi zikhokelo-kwaye kungenxa yokuba eyona migaqo isisiseko, engathandabuzekiyo yokutya okunempilo (kubandakanya ukukhuthaza ukutya okunezondlo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwezondlo ezithile ezinxulumene nesifo kunye nokuhlwempuzeka. Iziphumo zempilo) zisemi emva kophando lweminyaka.

Iingcebiso ezine eziphambili

Kukho izondlo ezine okanye ukutya uninzi lwabantu baseMelika abafumana okuninzi: iswekile eyongeziweyo, amanqatha agcweleyo, isodiyamu kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo. Imida ethile kulowo nalowo ngokweZikhokelo zeZidlo ze-2020-2025 zezi zilandelayo:

• Nciphisa iishukela ukuya ngaphantsi kweepesenti ze-10 zeekhalori ngosuku kuye nabani na oneminyaka eyi-2 nangaphezulu kwaye ugweme iiswekile ezongezelelweyo ngokupheleleyo kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula.
• Ukunciphisa amafutha ahluthayo ukuya ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezili-10 zeekhalori ngosuku ukuqala kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala. (Eyeleleneyo: Isikhokelo sokulungileyo vs. Amafutha amabi)
• Nciphisa isodiyam ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2,300 milligrams ngemini ukuqala kubudala be-2. Oko kulingana nepuni yetyuwa enye.
• Nciphisa iziselo ezinxilisayo, ukuba ityiwe, ukusela iziselo ezi-2 ngosuku okanye ngaphantsi kwamadoda kunye nokusela okungu-1 ngosuku okanye ngaphantsi kwabafazi. Inxalenye enye yesiselo ichazwa njengee-ounces ezi-5 zewayini, ii-ounces ezili-12 zebhiya, okanye i-1.5 yeencindi zamanzi ezinotywala obuyi-80 njengevodka okanye irum.

Phambi kokuba kukhutshwe olu hlaziyo, kwabakho intetho yokuqhubela phambili ukunciphisa iingcebiso zeswekile kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo. Ngaphambi kwako nakuphi na ukulungiswa, ikomiti yokutya kunye neengcali zonyango iphonononga uphando lwangoku kunye nobungqina kwisondlo nakwimpilo (kusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lwedatha, uphononongo lwenkqubo, kunye nemodeli yokutya) kwaye ikhuphe ingxelo. (Kule meko, iNgxelo yeNzululwazi yeKomiti yeeNgcebiso zeZikhokelo zeZikhokelo ze-2020.) Le ngxelo isebenza njengoluhlobo lweengcebiso ezininzi zeengcali, ukubonelela ngeengcebiso ezizimeleyo, ezisekelwe kwisayensi kurhulumente njengoko inceda ukuphuhlisa uhlelo olulandelayo lwezikhokelo.

Ingxelo yamva nje yekomiti, ekhutshwe ngoJulayi 2020, yenza iingcebiso zokunciphisa iswekile eyongeziweyo kwi-6 yeepesenti yeekhalori zizonke kunye nokunciphisa umda omkhulu weziselo ezinxilisayo kumadoda ukuya kwi-1 ngosuku; nangona kunjalo, ubungqina obutsha obuhlaziywe ukususela ngo-2015-2020 uhlelo aluzange lube lukhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa utshintsho kwezi zikhokelo ezithile. Ngaloo ndlela, izikhokelo ezine ezidweliswe apha ngasentla zifana nezikhokelo zokutya zangaphambili ezikhutshwe kwi-2015. Nangona kunjalo, abantu baseMelika abasayi kudibana nezi ngcebiso zingasentla kunye nophando ludibanise ukugqithiswa kotywala, iswekile eyongeziweyo, i-sodium, kunye namafutha ahluthayo. iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zempilo, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, isifo senhliziyo, ukukhuluphala, kunye nomhlaza, ngokutsho kophando.

Yenza yonke into yokuluma

Izikhokelo zamva nje zibandakanya umnxeba wokuthatha amanyathelo: "Yenza lonke ixesha lokuBala libalwe kunye nezikhokelo zeDiary." Injongo kukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bagxininise ekukhetheni ukutya okunempilo kunye neziphuzo ezizityebi kwizondlo, ngelixa behlala ngaphakathi kwemida yeekhalori zabo. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba i-avareji yamanqaku aseMelika angama-59 kwi-100 kwi-Healthy Eating Index (HEI), elinganisa indlela ukutya okuhambelana ngayo nezikhokelo zokutya, okuthetha ukuba azihambelani kakuhle nezi ngcebiso. Uphando lubonisa ukuba amanqaku aphezulu e-HEI onawo, elona thuba lingcono lokuyiphucula impilo yakho.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ukwenza ukutya kunye nokusela ukhetho olutyebileyo kwizakhamzimba kufuneka lube lukhetho lwakho lokuqala, kwaye ususe imeko yengqondo "ekususeni ukutya okungalunganga" uye "kubandakanya ukutya okuxineneyo" kunokunceda abantu benze olu tshintsho. Izikhokelo zokutya zicebisa ukuba i-85 pesenti yeekhalori ozityayo suku ngalunye kufuneka ziphume kukutya okunezondlo, ngelixa kuphela isixa esincinci seekhalori (malunga ne-15 ekhulwini), eshiyelwa iiswekile ezongezelelweyo, amafutha ahluthayo, kunye, (ukuba idliwe) utywala. (Idibeneyo: Ngaba i-80/20 Rule i-Gold Standard ye-Dietary Balance?)

Khetha eyakho iipatheni zokutya ezizodwa

Izikhokelo zokutya azigxili ekutyeni okunye "kulungile" kwaye okunye "kubi." Ikwagxila kwindlela yokulungiselela isidlo esinye okanye usuku olunye ngexesha; kunokuba, kumalunga nendlela okudibanisa ngayo ukutya kunye neziselo ebomini bakho njengephethini eqhubekayo eboniswe luphando inefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho.

Ukongezelela, ukhetho lobuqu, imvelaphi yenkcubeko, nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zonke zinendima kwindlela otya ngayo. Izikhokelo zokutya zicebisa ngabom amaqela okutya - hayi ukutya okuthe ngqo kunye neziselo - ukuphepha ukuba ngummiselo. Esi sikhokelo senza abantu ukuba benze izikhokelo zokutya ngokwabo ngokukhetha ukutya, iziphuzo kunye nokutya okutyiwayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo kunye nezinto abazithandayo.

Uphengululo lwe