Oonobangela be-Alzheimer's: Ngaba lilifa?

Umxholo

• Yintoni isifo se-Alzheimer's?
• Isizathu # 1: Utshintsho kwimfuzo
• Isizathu # 2: Ubudala
• Isizathu # 3: Isini
• Isizathu # 4: Intlungu eyadlulayo yentloko
• Isizathu # 5: Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuthobekileyo
• Isizathu # 6: Indlela yokuphila kunye nentliziyo
• Isizathu # 7: Iingxaki zokulala
• Isizathu # 8: Ukunqongophala kokufunda ebomini

Ukwanda kwamatyala esi sifo sika-Alzheimer

Umbutho i-Alzheimer's Association uthi isifo i-Alzheimer sesona sizathu siphambili sokufa e-United States, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-5 yezigidi zaseMelika zichaphazeleka yile meko. Ukongeza, umntu omnye kwabathathu abadala ubhubha yi-Alzheimer's okanye olunye uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Eli nani liya kunyuka njengoko inani labantu abalupheleyo lisanda.

Oososayensi baphande i-Alzheimer's amashumi eminyaka, kodwa akukabikho lunyango. Funda okungakumbi malunga nendlela ii-genes ezinxulumene ngayo nokukhula kwe-Alzheimer's, kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubangela imeko.

Yintoni isifo se-Alzheimer's?

Isifo se-Alzheimer sonakalisa ingqondo yakho, ngokuthe ngcembe sitshabalalisa inkumbulo kunye nezakhono zokucinga. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba umonakalo uqala kwishumi leminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu. Iidipozithi ezingaqhelekanga zeeproteni zenza iipleyiti ezilukhuni kunye nengqokelela kuyo yonke ingqondo. Ezi dipozithi ziphazamisa ukusebenza kwengqondo okuqhelekileyo.

Njengoko bekhula, iipleyiti zinokuphazamisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwee-neurons, abathunywa kwingqondo yakho. Ekugqibeleni ezi neurons ziyafa, zonakalisa ingqondo yakho kangangokuba iinxalenye zayo ziqala ukuncipha.

Isizathu # 1: Utshintsho kwimfuzo

Isifo se-Alzheimer asiqondwa ngokupheleleyo. Oososayensi bakholelwa ukuba uninzi lwabantu, esi sifo sinemfuza, indlela yokuphila, kunye nemeko yokusingqongileyo. Zonke ezi zinto zinokusebenza kunye ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zesifo ukuba simile.

Kukho into yelifa kwi-Alzheimer's. Abantu abanabazali okanye abantakwenu abanesi sifo basemngciphekweni ophucukileyo wokuphuhla kwale meko. Nangona kunjalo, sisekude ekuqondeni utshintsho lwezofuzo olukhokelela kuphuhliso lokwenene lwesifo.

Isizathu # 2: Ubudala

Njengoko usiya ukhula, uya usengozini ngakumbi kwizinto ezinokubangela i-Alzheimer's. Ngo-2010, bekukho abantu abazizigidi ezi-4.7 abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer's. Kwezi, i-0.7 yezigidi yayineminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-74 ubudala, i-2.3 yezigidi yayineminyaka engama-75 ukuya kuma-84 ubudala, kunye ne-1.8 yezigidi yayineminyaka engama-85 okanye ngaphezulu.

Isizathu # 3: Isini

I-Alzheimer ichaphazela abafazi abaninzi kunamadoda. Oososayensi bathi oku kungenxa yokuba abantu basetyhini bahlala ixesha elide kunamadoda. Ngenxa yoko, abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ukuba basifumane esi sifo xa sele bekhulile.

Ucebisa ukuba iihormoni zinokuba nento yokwenza nayo. Inqanaba lehomoni yesetyhini ye-estrogen iyancipha emzimbeni womfazi emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba i-hormone ikhusela ubuchopho babasetyhini abaselula kumonakalo. Kodwa njengoko amanqanaba ehla ebudaleni, iiseli zengqondo ziye zibe sesichengeni sesi sifo.

Isizathu # 4: Intlungu eyadlulayo yentloko

Umbutho we-Alzheimer uthi oososayensi bafumene unxibelelwano phakathi kokulimala kwengqondo eyonzakeleyo kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokudodobala kwengqondo. Emva kokonzakala okwenzakalisayo, ingqondo yakho idala isixa esikhulu se-beta amyloid. Le proteni efanayo ikhula iye kumacwecwe onakalisayo aluphawu lwe-Alzheimer's.

Kukho umahluko omnye: Emva kokonzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu, i-beta amyloid, nangona ikho, ayingqinelani namacwecwe. Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo unokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba benze njalo kamva ebomini.

Isizathu # 5: Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuthobekileyo

Abantu abasele benokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci kunokuba semngciphekweni okhulayo we-Alzheimer's. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuthobekileyo akuchaphazeli ubomi bemihla ngemihla yomntu ngendlela enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, inokuba neziphumo ezithile kwimemori, izakhono zokucinga, ukuqonda okubonwayo, kunye nokukwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo.

Oososayensi bazama ukuqonda ukuba kutheni amanye amatyala enkqubela phambili yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwi-Alzheimer's. Umboniso wokuba ubukho beeproteni ezithile kwingqondo, njenge-beta amyloid, zonyusa umngcipheko wesifo.

Isizathu # 6: Indlela yokuphila kunye nentliziyo

Indlela yakho yokuphila inokuba nokuninzi okunokukwenza ngamathuba okuphuhlisa i-Alzheimer's. Impilo yentliziyo ngokukodwa ibonakala inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nempilo yengqondo. Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni, ukwenza umthambo rhoqo, ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukulawula isifo seswekile, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol konke kulungile entliziyweni. Banokugcina nengqondo iphilile kwaye yomelele.

Abantu abadala abadala abane-coronary artery disease okanye i-peripheral arterial disease banomngcipheko ophezulu we-dementia kunye ne-Alzheimer's disease.

Isizathu # 7: Iingxaki zokulala

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ubuthongo obulungileyo bunokubaluleka ekuthinteleni isifo se-Alzheimer's. Uphononongo luka-2013 olupapashwe kubantu abadala abaphononongiweyo abaneminyaka yobudala engama-76 abangakhange bafunyaniswe benesi sifo. Abo bafumana ukungalali kakuhle okanye ukulala ngokulinganiselweyo babenokwanda kweebeta amyloid plaque kwingqondo yabo.

Izifundo ezingaphezulu kufuneka zenziwe. Izazinzulu azikaqiniseki nokuba ukulala ngokungalunganga kungunobangela we-Alzheimer's okanye ukuba amanqanaba okuqala esi sifo anokuchaphazela ukulala. Zombini ziyinyani.

Isizathu # 8: Ukunqongophala kokufunda ebomini

Ingakanani oyisebenzisayo ingqondo yakho ngaphezu kobomi bakho inokuchaphazela umngcipheko we-Alzheimer's. Uphononongo lwango-2012 luxele ukuba abantu abahlala bevuselela iingqondo zabo ngemiceli mngeni yengqondo babenedipozithi ezimbalwa ze-beta amyloid. Le misebenzi ibalulekile ebomini. Kodwa iinzame zobomi zakuqala neziphakathi zazinxulunyaniswa nokuncipha okukhulu komngcipheko.

Amanqanaba aphezulu emfundo esesikweni, umsebenzi okhuthazayo, ukuzonwabisa okunomngeni engqondweni, kunye nokunxibelelana kwezentlalo rhoqo kunokukhusela impilo yengqondo.