Yintoni i-amniocenteis, xa uyenza kunye nemingcipheko enokubakho

Umxholo

• Uyenza nini i-amniocenteis
• I-amniocentesis yenziwa njani
• Imingcipheko enokwenzeka

I-Amniocentesis luvavanyo olunokwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngesiqhelo ukusuka kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa, kwaye ijolise ekuchongeni utshintsho kwimfuza kusana okanye iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yosulelo lwabasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwimeko ye-toxoplasmosis, umzekelo.

Kolu vavanyo, intwana encinci ye-amniotic fluid iyaqokelelwa, engulwelo olujikeleze kwaye lukhusele umntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye oluqulathe iiseli kunye nezinto ezikhutshwe ngexesha lokukhula. Ngaphandle kovavanyo olubalulekileyo lokuchonga utshintsho kwimfuza kunye nokuzalwa, i-amniocentesis ayilovavanyo olunyanzelekileyo xa ukhulelwe, kodwa kuboniswa kuphela xa ukukhulelwa kujongwa njengomngcipheko okanye xa kurhanelwa utshintsho lomntwana.

Uyenza nini i-amniocenteis

I-Amniocentesis iyacetyiswa ukusuka kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa, engqinelana nexesha eliphakathi kweeveki ezili-13 ukuya kwezingama-27 zokukhulelwa kwaye ihlala iqhutywa phakathi kweveki ye-15 neye-18 yokukhulelwa, ngaphambi kwekota yesibini kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wosana kunye nokwanda kwamathuba. Ukuphuma kwesisu.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa xa, emva kovavanyo kunye nokwenza uvavanyo oluqhele ukucelwa ngugqirha obelethisayo, utshintsho luchongiwe olunokuthi lubonakalise umngcipheko kusana. Ke, ukujonga ukuba ingaba ukukhula komntwana kuyaqhubeka na njengoko kulindelweyo okanye ukuba ngaba kukho iimpawu zotshintsho kwimfuzo okanye kwinto yokuzalwa, ugqirha unokucela i-amniocentesis. Iimpawu eziphambili zoviwo zezi:

• Ukukhulelwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35, ukusukela kuloo minyaka ukuya phambili, ukukhulelwa kunokwenzeka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo emngciphekweni;
• Umama okanye utata oneengxaki zemfuza, ezinje nge-Down syndrome, okanye imbali yosapho yotshintsho kwimfuzo;
• Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili komntwana onesifo semfuza;
• Usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ikakhulu i-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus okanye i-toxoplasmosis, enokuthi idluliselwe emntwaneni ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukongeza, i-amniocenteis inokuboniswa ukuba ijonge ukusebenza kwemiphunga yosana kwaye ke, ukwenza iimvavanyo zooyise naxa ukhulelwe okanye ukunyanga abantu basetyhini abafumana ulwelo oluninzi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, injongo ye-amniocentesis yokususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo.

Iziphumo ze-amniocenteis zingathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuba ziphume, kodwa ixesha eliphakathi koviwo kunye nokukhululwa kwengxelo lingahluka ngokwenjongo yoviwo.

I-amniocentesis yenziwa njani

Phambi kokuba kwenziwe i-amniocenteis, ugqirha obelekisayo wenza uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound ukujonga imeko yomntwana kunye nengxowa ye-amniotic fluid, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokonzakala kosana. Emva kokuchongwa, ioyile ye-anesthetic ibekwa kwindawo apho ukuqokelelwa kwe-amniotic fluid kuya kwenziwa.

Ugqirha emva koko ufaka inaliti ngesikhumba sesisu kwaye asuse intwana encinci ye-amniotic fluid, equlathe iiseli zomntwana, izilwa-buhlungu, izinto kunye nezinto ezincinci ezinceda ekwenzeni iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko ukumisela impilo yosana.

Uviwo luhlala nje imizuzu embalwa kwaye ngexesha lenkqubo ugqirha umamela intliziyo yosana kwaye enze i-ultrasound ukuvavanya isibeleko somfazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho monakalo emntwaneni.

Imingcipheko enokwenzeka

Umngcipheko kunye neengxaki ze-amniocentesis zinqabile, nangona kunjalo zinokwenzeka xa uvavanyo lwenziwa kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ngomngcipheko omkhulu wokukhulelwa kwesisu. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-amniocenteis yenziwa kwiiklinikhi ezithembakeleyo kwaye ziingcali eziqeqeshiweyo, umngcipheko wovavanyo uphantsi kakhulu. Eminye yemingcipheko kunye neengxaki ezinokuthi zihambelane ne-amniocentesis zezi:

• Iicramps;
• Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi;
• Usulelo lwesibeleko, olunokudluliselwa emntwaneni;
• Ukukhathazeka komntwana;
• Ukwenziwa kwabasebenzi kwangoko;
• Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-Rh, apho igazi lomntwana lingena kwigazi likamama kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kwi-Rh yomama, kunokubakho ukuphendula kunye neengxaki kumfazi nakumntwana.

Ngenxa yale mngcipheko, uviwo kufuneka luhlale luxoxwa nengcali yokubelekisa. Nangona kukho ezinye iimvavanyo zokuvavanya uhlobo olufanayo lweengxaki, zihlala zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhulelwa kwesisu ngaphandle kwe-amniocentesis. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezibonisiweyo xa ukhulelwe.