Usulelo lweZilwanyana

Umxholo

• Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Inja iyaluma
• Ikati iyaluma
• Ukulunywa zizilwanyana zasendle
• Yintoni ebangela usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zosulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi bosulelo lwezilwanyana?
• Lufunyaniswa njani usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Zinyangwa njani izifo zokulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa kukulunywa zizilwanyana?
• Isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi
• Imbonakalo

Yintoni usulelo lokulunywa sisilwanyana?

Izilwanyana zasekhaya, njengezinja neekati, zinoxanduva lokulunywa zizilwanyana. Ngelixa izinja zibangela ukonzakala okungaphezulu kokulunywa, ukulunywa ziikati kunokwenzeka ukuba bosulelwe. NgokweAmerican Academy of Pediatrics, usulelo lwenzeka malunga neepesenti ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15 zokulunywa yinja ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-50 zokulunywa yikati.

Isizathu esinye sokuba izilwanyana zilume zihlala zikhokelela kusulelo kukuba ukulunywa kuhlala kwenzeka eminweni okanye ezandleni. Ezi ndawo kulapho umzimba unokuba nexesha elinzima ukulwa nosulelo. Kwakhona, iintsholongwane zihlala ziphuma emlonyeni wesilwanyana okanye zinokubakho kulusu lomntu. Usulelo lubangelwa zezi ntsholongwane zingena esikhumbeni.

Njengokuba ibacteria isanda, impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibangela iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo. Ukudumba nokudumba yimizekelo emibini. Usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana lunobuzaza kwaye lusenokusongela ubomi ukuba luyekwa lunganyangwa.

Ukulunywa zizilwanyana ezingalophuli ulusu akukho emngciphekweni wosulelo. Ukukhuhla okanye ukukrwela okutyisa nje umphezulu wolusu bunomngcipheko omncinci wosulelo. Ukusikwa okanye ukusikwa komzimba kunengozi ephezulu yosulelo. Amanxeba okuhlatywa okubangelwa ziikati acingelwa ukuba anomngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulunywa zizilwanyana?

Inja iyaluma

Nokuba inja emnene iyakuluma ukuba yenzakele, yoyike, okanye ikoyiswe kakhulu. Kwaye zonke iintlobo zeenja zinokuluma. Amaxesha amaninzi umntu ulunywa yinja abayaziyo.

Ukulimala ngenxa yokulunywa yinja kwenza iipesenti ezingama-85 ukuya kwezingama-90 zezilwanyana ezilumkileyo eUnited States, kunye neepesenti enye yotyelelo olunxulumene nokwenzakala kwigumbi likaxakeka, ngokwe-American Family Physician.

Abantwana banokwenzeka ngakumbi kunabantu abadala ukuba bafumane ukulunywa yinja.

Ikati iyaluma

Amazinyo ekati anokubangela amanxeba okuhlatywa okunzulu ekunzima ukuwacoca. Kuba amazinyo abukhali, inxeba linokuba nzulu kodwa libe lincinci, okwenza kube lula ukuphola ngalo. Oku kunokubambisa iintsholongwane ngaphakathi kwenxeba.

Kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezilumkileyo ezichazwe eUnited States, i-5 ukuya kwi-10 yeepesenti zivela kwiikati. Uninzi lwabantu abalunywe ziikati ngabasetyhini. Kwaye uninzi lweekati ezilumkileyo ziziphumo zonxibelelwano ngabom, njengokuzama ukondla okanye ukufuya ikati.

Ukulunywa zizilwanyana zasendle

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukulunywa zizilwanyana zasendle ezinje ngamalulwane, ii-raccoons, iimpungutye, i-skunks, kunye nezinja zasendle kunokubangela usulelo lwe-rabies. Umgada sisifo esosongela ubomi. Funa unyango kuyo nayiphi na into yokulunywa sisilwanyana sasendle esophula ulusu. Phinda ufune unyango ukuba ibhet ifunyenwe kwigumbi obulele kulo, nokuba awuboni kulunywa.

Kufuneka ucoce zonke izilwanyana xa ulunywa. Kwaye bajonge ngokusondeleyo. Funa unyango xa iimpawu zosulelo zivela.

Yintoni ebangela usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?

Usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana lubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Iibhaktheriya zifumaneka emlonyeni okanye ematheni ezilwanyana. Iibhaktheriya ke zingena enxebeni emva kokuba zikulusu. Iibhaktheriya nazo zinokubakho kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Ukulunywa zizilwanyana kuhlala kune-polymicrobial, okuthetha ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zebacteria ziyabandakanyeka.

Isifo sokuqina kwemisipha, isifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esichaphazela inkqubo yeemvakalelo, sinokuvela kwintsholongwane. Le yimeko embi. Amanxeba okubhoboza okubangelwa kukulunywa zizilwanyana zezona zinto zinokukhokelela kwi-tetanus.

Ziintoni iimpawu zosulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zosulelo ekulunyweni zizilwanyana bubomvu, iintlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokudumba kwindawo yokuluma. Kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango kwangoko ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24.

Ezinye iimpawu zosulelo zibandakanya:

• ubofu okanye ulwelo oluphuma enxebeni
• ukuthamba kwiindawo ezikufutshane nokulunywa
• ukulahleka kwemvakalelo malunga nokuluma
• Ukusetyenziswa okungaphelelanga komnwe okanye kwesandla ukuba isandla silunywe
• Imigca ebomvu ecaleni kokulunywa
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda
• ukubila ebusuku
• ukudinwa
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukungcangcazela

Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu zixhaphakileyo ezikhoyo, ngakumbi ukuba iimpawu aziziphuculi ngokwazo.

Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi bosulelo lwezilwanyana?

Ukulunywa kwekati kuthwala umngcipheko omkhulu wosulelo kunokubanjwa yinja.

Eminye imingcipheko eyonyusa amathuba okuluma ajike asuleleke kubandakanya:

• ungahlambi kakuhle kwaye ulume ngokukhawuleza
• ukulunywa kubangele inxeba elinzulu
• ukuluma nako kubangele ukwaphuka okanye omnye umonakalo
• amajoni omzimba abuthathaka

Lufunyaniswa njani usulelo lokulunywa zizilwanyana?

Ukuchonga usulelo ekulunyweni sisilwanyana, ugqirha wakho uya kubuza malunga nokuluma. Imibuzo onokuyilindela kugqirha wakho ibandakanya:

• Luhlobo luni lwesilwanyana esilumayo?
• Yintoni eyabangela ukulunywa?
• Ingaba isilwanyana sineyeza lokugonya umgada?
• Ufumene nini ukudubula?

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-X-ray ukufumanisa ukuba usulelo luye lwasasazeka na emathanjeni, ngakumbi ukuba ukuluma kusemnweni okanye esandleni. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuchonga nokusasazeka kwesifo, esaziwa njenge-sepsis. I-Sepsis kunye nosulelo lwethambo ziinkathazo ezisongela ubomi.

Zinyangwa njani izifo zokulunywa zizilwanyana?

Inyathelo lokuqala ngokulunywa sisilwanyana kukucoca ngokufanelekileyo nokuvavanya inxeba. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela usulelo kukulunywa sisilwanyana. Ukucoca isilwanyana esilumkileyo ngokufanelekileyo, thatha la manyathelo alandelayo.

Kwisilonda esincinci:

• Hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle ngesepha namanzi.
• Gquma indawo leyo ngebhandeji elitsha nelicocekileyo.

Kwisilonda esinzulu, urhanelwa okrokrisayo, okanye inxeba elibonisa iimpawu zosulelo:

• Faka uxinzelelo lokuphelisa ukopha usebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo.
• Hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle ngesepha namanzi.
• Funa unyango kwangoko ukhangele iimpawu zosulelo.

Ukuba usulelo luyakhula, ugqirha wakho uya kukuyalela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Umjikelo wonyango uya kuhlala iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezilishumi. Nangona kunjalo, ubude bonyango lwakho bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• uhlobo lokuluma
• ubuzaza bokuluma
• imiba yezempilo esele ikho

Ukulunywa osulelweyo, ugqirha unokucebisa nge-intravenous (IV) ye-antibiotics de lusule usulelo. Kodwa uninzi lokulunywa lusulelo luya kufuna kuphela i-antibiotics yomlomo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuphinda acebise ukuba i-tetanus booster shot. Oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ulume kangakanani kwaye imeko yakho yokugonya.

Emva kokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukumisela ubungakanani bosulelo, ugqirha wakho kungafuneka ukuba athambise inxeba. Basenokukucela ukuba ubuye kutyelelo olulandelayo emva kweeyure ezingama-48 ukujonga inxeba.

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, usulelo ekulunyweni zizilwanyana lunokusasazeka kwaye lubangele iingxaki zonyango. Usulelo ngokubanzi lukhula kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48.

Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa kukulunywa zizilwanyana?

Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko ukuba:

• iimpawu ziba mandundu
• Iimpawu aziphucuki
• Iimpawu zibuya emva kokuhamba
• kuvela iimpawu ezintsha

Kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha wakho kwangoko ukuba isilwanyana esikulumkileyo siqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokugula. Iingxaki ezinokubakho zokosuleleka zizilwanyana zibandakanya isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi kunye nomgada.

Isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi

Iimpawu zesifo se-bacterial tetanus zibandakanya:

• kunzima ukugwinya
• izihlunu zomhlathi eziqinileyo
• izihlunu zentamo eziqinileyo
• ukuqina kwezihlunu zesisu
• iintlungu zomzimba ezibuhlungu

Ngenxa yokugonya kwe-tetanus, ukusulelwa yi-tetanus kunqabile eMelika. Ngokwengxelo yabantwana, abantwana kufuneka bafumane iitetanus shots ezintlanu xa befikelela kwiminyaka eyi-6. Ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala kufuneka bafumane isitofu sokugonya rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba kudala kangakanani ukudubula kwakho, kuya kufuneka ukhethe elinye idosi yesitofu sokugonya. Alukho unyango lwe-tetanus.

Imbonakalo

Ukulunywa sisilwanyana esosulelekileyo kufuneka kuqale ukujonga kwaye uzive ngcono ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-48 zonyango. Ukuba awuqapheli ukuphucula, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulandele ugqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo kunye nenxeba liyaphola ngokufanelekileyo. Baza kukwazisa ukuba ngaba kukho naluphi na uhlengahlengiso oluya kufuneka kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.