Yintoni iAnosognosia?

Umxholo

• Oonobangela
• Iimpawu
• Uxilongo
• Ukudibana nezinye iimeko
• Unyango
• Unyango lwe-Antipsychotic
• Unyango lokuphucula inkuthazo (MET)
• Inkxaso kumntu one-anosognosia
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Abantu abasoloko beziva bekhululekile ukuvuma iziqu zabo okanye abanye ukuba banesimo abasandula ukufumanisa ukuba banaso. Oku akuqhelekanga, kwaye uninzi lwabantu ekugqibeleni luyakwamkela ukuxilongwa.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukwaliwa kuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye ayikokukhanyela nje okubangela ukuba umntu azikhanyele izibakala. Yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-anosognosia. Oku ngokukhululekileyo kuthetha "ukunqongophala kokuqonda okanye ukuqonda" ngesiGrike.

I-Anosognosia kukungabikho kokuqonda ubunyani bemeko yakhe. Kukungakwazi komntu ukwamkela ukuba unemeko ehambelana neempawu zakhe okanye isifo esisemthethweni.

Oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kobungqina obubalulekileyo bokuchongwa kwesifo, kwaye ngaphandle kwezesibini kunye neyesithathu izimvo zonyango eziqinisekisa ubunyani besifo.

I-Anosognosia sisiphumo sotshintsho kwingqondo. Ayikokuba neenkani okanye ukukhanyela ngokungqalileyo, okuyindlela yokuzikhusela abanye abantu abayisebenzisayo xa befumana ukuxilongwa okunzima ukumelana nako. Ngapha koko, i-anosognosia iphakathi kweemeko ezinje nge-schizophrenia okanye i-bipolar disorder.

Masiqwalasele ngakumbi ukuba yintoni ebangela olu phawu, indlela yokuluqonda, kunye nento onokuyenza wena kunye nabantu obathandayo.

Oonobangela

Indlela ozijonga ngayo iyatshintsha ebomini bakho. Nditshatile nje? Ungaziva uziva ngoku ukuba ekugqibeleni ubotshelene ngeqhina lomtshato nomntu omthandayo.Inxeba elitsha ebusweni bakho? Ingqondo yakho kufuneka iyithathele ingqalelo ukuze ukhumbule ukuba ikhona xa ujonga esipilini.

I-lobe yakho yangaphambili ibandakanyeka kakhulu kule nkqubo ihlala ihlengahlengisa umfanekiso wakho. Kwaye ezinye iimeko zempilo yengqondo zinokubangela utshintsho kule nxalenye yengqondo yakho. Oku kubangela ukulungiswa kwethishu yangaphambili ngokungaphezulu kwexesha.

Ekugqibeleni, unokuphulukana namandla akho okuthatha ulwazi olutsha kunye nokuhlaziya ukuqonda kwakho okanye impilo yakho yonke.

Kwaye ekubeni ingqondo yakho ingenakuqonda ulwazi olutsha olubangelwa yimeko yakho, wena okanye abantu obathandayo banokudideka okanye bakhathazeke ngokungathi awuyithathi imeko yakho ngokungathí sina.

Iimpawu

Olona phawu lubalulekileyo lwe-anosognosia kukuswela ukuqonda, ukuqonda, okanye ukwamkelwa ukuba unemeko yonyango. Oku kunokwenzeka nokuba kukho ubungqina obubanzi bokuba uyayenza.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-anosognosia kunye nokwala okanye ezinye iimpendulo kwisifo:

• Ayinguye wonke umntu onale meko ayibonisa ngendlela efanayo. Abanye banokuvuma ngokungagungqiyo ukuba bacinga ukuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo kubo. Abanye banokukuphepha ukuthetha ngale meko kuba becinga ukuba akukho mntu ubakholelwayo. Kwaye abanye banokudideka okanye bakhathazeke xa abantu bephikisa oko bakholelwa ukuba kuyinyani.
• I-Anosognosia ayihlali. Umntu othile unokwazi ngemeko yakhe kwaye ayiphathe ngamayeza okanye ngokundwendwela ugqirha. Banokuthi ngequbuliso bangazi kwaye baphoswe kukudibana okanye balibale ukuthatha amayeza kungekudala emva koko kuba bengasayiboni imeko yabo. Omnye umntu angavuma iimpawu ezithile kodwa hayi ezinye. Umzekelo, umntu one-hemiplegia akanakho ukuqonda ukuba elinye icala lomzimba wakhe libuthathaka okanye likhubazekile. Kodwa basenokuthi baziqaphele iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuthetha (aphasia) okanye ukulahleka kombono (hemianopia).
• Nika ingqalelo ekuziphatheni ngaphambi nasemva kokuchongwa kwempilo yengqondo. Inqanaba lomntu lokuqonda linokwahluka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ucinge ukuba bazama nje ukungayihoyi imeko yabo ukukhusela iimvakalelo zabo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukugxila kukwahluka phakathi kobuntu bomntu kunye neempawu ze-anosognosia. Ngaba bazibonisile ezi ndlela zokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuba bafumane isifo? Ngaba banesimo sengqondo sokungavumi ukukhanyela imeko yabo?

Uxilongo

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ubone ugqirha wezifo zengqondo okanye enye ingcali yezempilo yengqondo ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo ufumene imeko enokuthi inxulunyaniswe ne-anosognosia. Ingcali inokujonga impilo yakho yengqondo kunye naziphi na iimpawu ezivelayo.

Ingcali inokuphinda ichonge i-anosognosia kwangoko. Nokuba utshintsho oluncinci lokuziphatha lunokufunyanwa yingcali.

Enye yeendlela zokuvavanya eziqhelekileyo yindlela ye- "LEAP", eyenziwa ngu:

• ukumamela emntwini
• Uvelwano nomntu lowo
• ndiyavuma nomntu lowo
• ukusebenzisana nomntu lowo

Le ndlela inceda ukuvula incoko phakathi kogqirha kunye nomntu one-anosognosia. Oku kuvumela umntu ukuba aphuhlise ulwazi ngeenjongo zeemeko zabo kwaye aqonde ukuba abantu ababangqongileyo bayamxhasa kwaye bayayiqonda.

Esinye isixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo sokuchonga sisikali sokuvavanya ukungaqondwa kwengxaki yengqondo (SUM-D). Olu vavanyo lubeka umbono we "ukuqonda" kwibala elibandakanya:

• Ukwazisa. Ngaba umntu uyaqonda ukuba banemeko? Ngaba bayazibona iimpawu zemeko yabo? Ngaba bayazi ukuba kunokubakho iziphumo zentlalo kwimeko yabo?
• Ukuqonda. Ngaba lo mntu uyaqonda ukuba badinga unyango?
• Isabelo. Ngaba bayakholelwa ukuba iimpawu zabo zibangelwa yimeko yempilo yengqondo?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-SUM-D zomntu zinokukwazi ukubonisa ukuba umntu une-anosognosia.

Ukudibana nezinye iimeko

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezihambelana ne-anosognosia ziquka:

• schizophrenia
• isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo (kubandakanya ne-Alzheimer's)
• ukuxhuzula
• Ukudakumba okukhulu
• hemiplegia

I-Anosognosia ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-schizophrenia. Ngokujikeleze abantu abane-schizophrenia baneendlela ezithile ze-anosognosia.

I-Anosognosia ikwabonakala ngokukodwa kwi-hemiplegia. Umntu onale meko akanakuqonda ukuba banenxalenye okanye banokukhubazeka kwelinye icala lomzimba. Oku kuyinyani naxa bebona ukuba amalungu abo awahambi kakuhle.

Unyango

Ukufuna unyango kumcebisi okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo kwakamsinya emva kokuxilongwa kwemeko yempilo yengqondo kunokuba luncedo olukhulu kumntu ofumana i-anosognosia. Le meko inokukhathaza umntu onokuba noxinzelelo lobudlelwane nabahlobo bakhe, usapho, okanye abantu abasebenza naye okanye iingxaki zempilo kuba bengayazi imeko yabo.

Unyango lwe-anosognosia lunokwahluka ngokusekwe kwisizathu. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

Unyango lwe-Antipsychotic

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-antipsychotic ukunyanga iimpawu zeemeko ezinje nge-schizophrenia okanye i-bipolar disorder. Eminye imizekelo ye-antipsychotic enokusetyenziswa ibandakanya:

• I-chlorpromazine (iTorazine)
• ilokapine (iLoxitane)
• i-clozapine (iClozaril)
• aripiprazole (Yenza)

I-Antipsychotic ayisebenzi ngendlela efanayo kumntu ngamnye, ke amayeza akho aya kumiselwa ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho, impilo yonke, kunye nokuphendula kunyango. Unokude ufune iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-antipsychotic ebomini bakho njengoko amandla akho okuqonda etshintsha okanye umzimba wakho uphendula kunyango ngokwahlukileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Unyango lokuphucula inkuthazo (MET)

I-MET isebenzisa iindlela zokukhuthaza umntu ukuba atshintshe umfanekiso wabo ukuze amkele ukuba unemeko okanye abakhuthaze ukuba bafumane unyango ngemeko yabo.

I-MET ihlala iquka ukunceda umntu ajonge iimpawu zabo, indlela abaziphatha ngayo kunye nolwalamano lwabo ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kuhlala kukhokelela ekuqondeni ukuba iinyani zalatha kubukho bemeko.

Inkxaso kumntu one-anosognosia

Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokukunceda wena kunye nabantu obathandayo ukuba bajongane ne-anosognosia:

• Musa ukugweba. Khumbula ukuba le yimeko yezonyango, hayi inkani okanye imikhwa yokuzitshabalalisa.
• Xhasa. Ezinye iintsuku zingangcono kunezinye. Nokuba umntu uphulukene nokuqonda ngokupheleleyo imeko yabo, abayenzi ngabom. Bafuna inkxaso yakho ukuze baqiniseke ukuba bayalufumana unyango kwaye bahlala bengaguquguquki kumiselo kunye namayeza.
• Thatha umqaphela. Ukugcina idayari eneenkcukacha zento ayithethayo nayenzayo loo mntu kunokukunceda uqulunqe ubungqina bale meko. Oku akunakunceda kuphela umntu ukuba aqonde ukuba bane-anosognosia kodwa ikwabonelela ugqirha wakho ngesiseko sesicwangciso sonyango.

Imbonakalo

Umbono weemeko ezinxulumene ne-anosognosia, enje nge-schizophrenia, inokuba luncedo kwangoko kunyango, kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo, kwaye akukho lunyango lwale meko.

Unyango lokuziphatha njengesixhobo se-MET sinokunyusa umgangatho wobomi ngokunceda abantu abane-anosognosia bajonge iimpawu zabo kwimbono yeenjongo. Oku kungakhokelela kutshintsho ekuboneni nasekuziphatheni kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba bayalandela isicwangciso sonyango ngemeko yabo.