Ngaba iMigraine ingaba kwiGenesis yakho?

Umxholo

• Ngaba i-migraine ingaba yimfuza?
• Luthini uphando?
• Ukutshintsha kwe-Gene okunxulunyaniswa ne-migraine
• Umahluko weGene onxulumene nemigraine
• Ngaba ezinye iintlobo ze-migraine zinezixhumanisi ezinamandla kunezinye?
• Unokukunceda njani ukuba unxibelelwano lwemfuza kwi-migraine?
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo onokukhetha kuzo?
• Amayeza eempawu ezibi zempawu ze-migraine
• Amayeza athintela uhlaselo lwemigraine
• Unyango oludibeneyo
• Umgca wezantsi

I-Migraine yimeko ye-neurological echaphazela phantse abantu abazizigidi ezingama-40 e-United States.

Ukuhlaselwa kweMigraine kuhlala kwenzeka kwicala elinye lentloko. Ngamanye amaxesha banokwandulelwa okanye bahambe kunye nokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okanye okubonakalayo okubizwa ngokuba yi-aura.

Ezinye iimpawu, ezinjengokubangela isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, kunye nobuntununtunu bokukhanya, zinokubakho ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwemigraine.

Ngelixa oyena nobangela we-migraine engaziwa, kukholelwa ukuba zombini imeko yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nemfuza idlala indima kwimeko. Ngezantsi, siza kujonga ngakumbi ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-migraine kunye ne-genetics.

Ngaba i-migraine ingaba yimfuza?

IDNA, equlethe imfuza yakho, ifakwe kwiiyunithi ezingama-23 zeekromosomes. Ufumana ilifa leseti enye yama-chromosomes kunina kunye nenye evela kuyihlo.

Imfuza yinxalenye yeDNA ebonelela ngolwazi ngendlela yokwenza iiproteni ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha ufuzo lunokutshintsha, kwaye olu tshintsho lunokubangela okanye lubeke umntu kwimeko ethile yempilo. Olu tshintsho lwemfuza lunokudluliselwa ukusuka kumzali kuye emntwaneni.

Utshintsho lwe-Genetic okanye ukuhluka kudibaniswe ne-migraine. Ngapha koko, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabantu abane-migraine banelinye ilungu losapho elinelinye elinale meko.

Luthini uphando?

Makhe sithathe nzulu nzulu koko kufundwa ngabaphandi malunga nemfuza kunye ne-migraine.

Ukutshintsha kwe-Gene okunxulunyaniswa ne-migraine

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngophando oluthile ezindabeni malunga nokuhlukahluka kofuzo oluye lwadityaniswa ne-migraine. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• IKCNK18. Olu hlobo lukhokelela kwiprotein ebizwa ngokuba yi-TRESK, enxulunyaniswa neendlela zentlungu kwaye ifumaneka kwiindawo ezinemigraine efanelekileyo. Utshintsho oluthile ku IKCNK18 Kuye kwahlanganiswa ne-migraine kunye ne-aura.
• CKIdelta. Olu luhlu lubandakanya i-enzyme enemisebenzi emininzi emzimbeni, enye inxulumene nomjikelo wakho wokulala. Ngokophando luka-2013, utshintsho oluthile ku CKIdelta zidibene ne-migraine.

Umahluko weGene onxulumene nemigraine

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uninzi lokuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kukholelwa ukuba yi-polygenic. Oku kuthetha ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zofuzo zinegalelo kule meko. Oku kubonakala kungenxa yokwahluka okuncinci kwemfuza okubizwa ngokuba yi-single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Izifundo ze-Genetic zichonge ngaphezu kweendawo ezingama-40 zofuzo kunye neenguqu ezinxulumene neendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-migraine. Ezi ndawo zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nezinto ezinjengeeselfowuni kunye nokusayina kwe-nerve okanye umsebenzi we-vascular (yegazi).

Yedwa, oku kwahluka kunokuba nefuthe elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa uninzi lwazo luqokelela, lunokuba negalelo kuphuhliso lwe-migraine.

Ucwaningo lwe-2018 lweentsapho ze-1,589 ezine-migraine zifumene "umthwalo" owandisiweyo wale mihluko yemfuza xa kuthelekiswa noluntu ngokubanzi.

Izinto ezahlukeneyo zemfuzo zikwabonakala ngathi zichonga iimpawu ezithile ze-migraine. Ukuba nembali eyomeleleyo yosapho kwimigraine kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba:

• migraine kunye ne-aura
• Ukuhlaselwa rhoqo kwemigraine
• ubudala bokuqala be-migraine
• iintsuku ezingaphezulu xa kufuneka usebenzise amayeza e-migraine

Ngaba ezinye iintlobo ze-migraine zinezixhumanisi ezinamandla kunezinye?

Ezinye iintlobo ze-migraine zinombutho owaziwayo wemfuza. Umzekelo woku yimigraine hemiplegic migraine (FHM). Ngenxa yalo mbutho waziwayo, i-FHM ifundwe ngokubanzi ngokunxulumene nemfuza ye-migraine.

I-FHM luhlobo lwe-migraine ene-aura enesiqalo sokuqala kunolunye uhlobo lwe-migraine. Ngokubambisana nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-aura, abantu abane-FHM banobunzima okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zemfuza ezaziwayo ezinxulunyaniswa ne-FHM. Bazi:

• ICACNA1A
• Ifayile
• I-SCN1A

Utshintsho kolunye lwezi ntlobo zemfuza lunokuchaphazela ukubonakaliswa kweeseli zemithambo-luvo, ezinokubangela uhlaselo lwemigraine.

I-FHM izuzwe njengelifa ngendlela ebalaseleyo ye-autosomal. Oku kuthetha ukuba ufuna ikopi enye kuphela yemfuza eguqulweyo ukuze ubenayo imeko.

Unokukunceda njani ukuba unxibelelwano lwemfuza kwi-migraine?

Ingangathi iyaphikisana, kodwa ukuba nelinki yemfuza kwi-migraine kunokuba luncedo. Kungenxa yokuba unokufumana ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kunye nenkxaso kumalungu osapho lwakho ayiqondayo imeko.

Ulwazi oluvela kumalungu osapho lwakho olunokuba luncedo kumava akho e-migraine abandakanya:

• ziziphi izinto ezibangela ukuba babe ne-migraine
• iimpawu ezithile abazifumanayo
• unyango okanye amayeza anceda ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iimpawu zabo ze-migraine
• ingaba uhlaselo lwabo lwe-migraine lutshintshile rhoqo, ngamandla, okanye ngezinye iindlela ebomini babo
• ubudala apho baqala ukufumana i-migraine

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukuba unempawu ezingqinelanayo ne-migraine, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa kweMigraine zibandakanya:

• iintlungu zokurhabula okanye ukubetha, zihlala kwelinye icala lentloko yakho
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ubuntununtunu bokukhanya
• uvakalelo lwesandi
• Iimpawu ze-aura, ezinokuthi zilandele ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kwaye zingabandakanya:
  • ubona ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo
  • kunzima ukuthetha
  • iimvakalelo zobuthathaka okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lobuso bakho okanye kwilungu lomzimba

Ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu zentloko zinokuba luphawu lonyango olungxamisekileyo. Fumana unyango kwangoko kwintloko:

• iza ngesiquphe kwaye inzima
• kwenzeka emva kokwenzakala entlokweni yakho
• kwenzeka ngeempawu ezifana nentamo eqinile, ukudideka, okanye ukuphazamiseka
• ihlala ixesha elide kwaye iba mandundu emva kokuzibhokoxa kwakho

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo onokukhetha kuzo?

I-Migraine ihlala iphathwa ngamayeza. Zimbini iintlobo zamayeza e-migraine:

• ezo zinciphisa iimpawu ezibi kakhulu ze-migraine
• abo banceda ukunqanda uhlaselo lwe-migraine ekubeni lwenzeke

Kukho ezinye iindlela zokudibanisa ezinokusebenza. Siza kuvavanya uhlobo ngalunye lonyango ngokweenkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

Amayeza eempawu ezibi zempawu ze-migraine

Ngokwesiqhelo uthatha la mayeza kwangoko xa uqala ukuziva iimpawu ze-aura okanye uhlaselo lwemigraine. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Amayeza eentlungu ngaphezulu kwekhawuntareni. Oku kubandakanya ii-NSAID ezinje nge-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), kunye neasprini. I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) inokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
• IiTriptans. Zininzi iintlobo zeetriptan. La machiza anceda ukuthintela ukudumba nokuxinana kwemithambo yegazi, ukunciphisa iintlungu. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya i-sumatriptan (Imitrex), i-eletriptan (i-Relpax), kunye ne-rizatriptan (iMaxalt).
• Erkot alkaloids. La machiza asebenza ngendlela efanayo nee-triptan. Banokunikwa ukuba unyango ngee-triptan alunakusebenza. Omnye umzekelo yi-dihydroergotamine (iMigranal).
• Amagqabantshintshi. Iliza elitsha lonyango lwe-migraine luthintela i-peptide edibanisa ukudumba.
• Iitayile. Usapho lwenoveli lwamayeza okuhlangula, ii-ditans ziyafana nee-triptan kodwa zinokusetyenziswa kubantu abanembali yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha, njengoko ii-triptan zinokunyusa umngcipheko wemicimbi yentliziyo.

Amayeza athintela uhlaselo lwemigraine

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela elinye lala mayeza ukuba uhlala uhlaselwa okanye uhlaselwa kakhulu yimigraine. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• IiAnticonvulsants. La mayeza ayephuhlisiwe kwasekuqaleni ukunceda ukuphatha ukuxhuzula. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-topiramate (Topamax) kunye ne-valproate.
• Unyango lwegazi. Oku kunokubandakanya i-beta-blockers okanye i-calcium block blockers.
• Amayeza oxinzelelo. I-Amitriptyline, i-tricyclic antidepressant, inokusetyenziswa.
• CGRP inhibitors. Olu luhlobo olutsha lwamayeza anikezwe ngenaliti. Zintsholongwane ezibopha kwisamkeli kwingqondo esonyusa i-vasodilation (ukwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi).
• Inaliti yeBotox. Ukufumana inaliti yeBotox qho kwiiveki ezili-12 kunokunceda ekuthinteleni uhlaselo lwemigraine kwabanye abantu abadala.

Unyango oludibeneyo

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinokuthi zisebenze kwimigraine, enje:

• Iindlela zokuphumla. Uxinzelelo sisifo esisisiseko se-migraine. Iindlela zokuphumla zinokukunceda ugcine amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwakho. Imizekelo ibandakanya iyoga, ukucamngca, imithambo yokuphefumla, kunye nokuphumla kwezihlunu.
• Unyango. Ukwenza i-acupuncture kubandakanya ukufaka iinaliti ezincinci kwiindawo zoxinzelelo kulusu. Oku kucingelwa ukuba kunceda ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwamandla emzimbeni. Kunokuba luncedo ekunciphiseni iintlungu ze-migraine.
• Iherbs, iivithamini kunye neeminerali. Amanye amayeza kunye nokuncedisa kunokunceda kwiimpawu ze-migraine. Imizekelo embalwa ibandakanya i-butterbur, i-magnesium, kunye nevithamini B-2.

Umgca wezantsi

Nangona abaphandi befumene izizathu ezinokubangela ukuba i-migraine, kuninzi okungaziwa.

Nangona kunjalo, kuphando olwenziweyo, kubonakala ngathi indibaniselwano entsonkothileyo yemeko yokusingqongileyo kunye nemfuza ibangela le meko.

Utshintsho kwiijeni ezithile zinxulunyaniswa nezinye iintlobo ze-migraine, njengakwimeko yosapho ye-hemiplegic migraine. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweentlobo zemigraine kusenokwenzeka ukuba yi-polygenic, oko kuthetha ukuba umahluko kwiijeni ezininzi ubangela oko.

Ukuba nembali yosapho ye-migraine kunokuba luncedo kuba unokufumana ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kumalungu osapho afumana imeko efanayo. Usenokuphendula kunyango olufanayo.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-migraine ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukulufumana usuku, jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba axoxe ngeendlela onokukhetha kuzo kunyango.