Isifo samathambo

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo samathambo?
• Yintoni ebangela isifo samathambo?
• Isifo samathambo sifunyanwa njani?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo samathambo?
• Amayeza
• Ugqirha
• Ulungiso lwenyama
• Luluphi utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olunokunceda abantu abane-arthritis?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yexesha elide kubantu abane-arthritis?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni isifo samathambo?

Isifo samathambo kukudumba kwamalungu. Inokuchaphazela ngokudibeneyo okanye ukudibana okuninzi. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ezahlukeneyo zesifo samathambo, ezinezizathu ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zonyango. Ezimbini zeentlobo zixhaphakileyo yi-osteoarthritis (OA) kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Iimpawu zesifo samathambo zihlala zikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa zinokubonakala ngesiquphe. Isifo samathambo sihlala sibonwa kubantu abadala abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65, kodwa sinokuphinda sikhule nakubantwana, kulutsha nakubantu abadala abancinci. Isifo samathambo sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda nakubantu abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo samathambo?

Intlungu edibeneyo, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba zizimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo samathambo. Uluhlu lwakho lwesindululo lunokuhla, kwaye unokufumana ububomvu bolusu olujikeleze ilungu. Abantu abaninzi abane-arthritis baqaphela ukuba iimpawu zabo zibi kakhulu kusasa.

Kwimeko ye-RA, unokuziva udiniwe okanye ufumane ilahleko yokutya ngenxa yokuvuvukala okubangelwa sisistim samajoni omzimba. Unokuba ne-anemic-ithetha ukuba inani lakho elibomvu leeseli liyancipha-okanye ube nomkhuhlane omncinci. I-RA engqongqo inokubangela ukukhubazeka ngokudibeneyo ukuba iyekwe inganyangwa.

Yintoni ebangela isifo samathambo?

I-Cartilage sisihlunu esiqinileyo kodwa esiguqukayo kumalungu akho. Ikhusela amalungu ngokudibanisa uxinzelelo kunye nokothuka okwenziweyo xa ushukuma kwaye ubeke uxinzelelo kubo. Ukunciphisa inani eliqhelekileyo le-cartilage tissue kubangela ezinye iindlela ze-arthritis.

Ukudakumba okuqhelekileyo kubangela i-OA, yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zesifo samathambo. Usulelo okanye ukonzakala kumalungu kunokubangela oku kungonwabi kwendalo. Umngcipheko wokukhula kwe-OA unokuphakama ukuba unembali yosapho kwesi sifo.

Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-arthritis, i-RA, kukungazinzi komzimba. Kwenzeka xa amajoni omzimba wakho ehlasela izicwili zomzimba. Olu hlaselo luchaphazela i-synovium, ithishu ethambileyo kumalungu akho evelisa ulwelo olondla intlala kunye nokuthambisa amalunga.

I-RA sisifo se-synovium esiya kuthi sihlasele kwaye sitshabalalise ukudibana. Ingakhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwethambo kunye ne-cartilage ngaphakathi kwilungu.

Isizathu ngqo sokuhlaselwa kwamajoni omzimba asaziwa. Kodwa oosonzululwazi bafumanise iimpawu zokumakisha ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-RA ephindwe kahlanu.

Isifo samathambo sifunyanwa njani?

Ukubona ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo linyathelo lokuqala elifanelekileyo ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ngubani oza kubona isifo samathambo. Baya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela ulwelo olujikeleze amalungu, ukufudumala okanye amalungu abomvu, kunye noluhlu oluncinci lokuhamba kumalungu. Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwingcali xa kufuneka njalo.

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima, unokukhetha ukucwangcisa i-rheumatologist kuqala. Oku kunokukhokelela kuxilongo olukhawulezileyo kunye nonyango.

Ukukhupha kunye nokuhlalutya amanqanaba okuvuvukala egazini lakho kunye neencindi zamanzi ezidibeneyo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwearthritis onayo. Uvavanyo lwegazi olukhangela iintlobo ezithile zeentsholongwane ezifana ne-anti-CCP (i-anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide), i-RF (i-rheumatoid factor), kunye ne-ANA (intsholongwane yentsholongwane yenyukliya) nazo ziimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokuqonda isifo.

Oogqirha bahlala besebenzisa ii-imaging scans ezinje nge-X-ray, iMRI, kunye ne-CT scan ukwenza umfanekiso wamathambo akho kunye nentlala. Oku kuyenzeka ukuze bakwazi ukulawula ezinye izizathu zempawu zakho, ezinje ngeethambo.

Sinyangwa njani isifo samathambo?

Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukunciphisa inani leentlungu ohlangabezana nazo kunye nokuthintela ukongezwa okongezelelweyo kwamalungu. Uya kufunda ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto ikusebenzayo ngokulawula iintlungu. Abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba iipads zokufudumeza kunye neepakethe zomkhenkce ziyathuthuzela. Abanye basebenzisa izixhobo zoncedo lokuhamba, njengemijuku okanye abahambahambayo, ukunceda ukuthatha uxinzelelo kumalungu abuhlungu.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokudibeneyo kubalulekile. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika indibaniselwano yeendlela zonyango ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ivenkile yokufudumeza iphedi yokuphelisa iintlungu.

Amayeza

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeyeza zonyango:

• Uhlalutyo, ezinje ngehydrocodone (Vicodin) okanye i-acetaminophen (iTylenol), ziyasebenza ekulawuleni iintlungu, kodwa musa ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba.
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID), ezinje nge-ibuprofen (Advil) kunye ne-salicylates, zinceda ukulawula iintlungu kunye nokudumba. IiSalicylates zingalicekisa igazi, ke kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo kunye namayeza okucoca igazi.
• Menthol okanye capsaicinizithambiso vimba ukuhanjiswa kweempawu zentlungu kumalungu akho.
• Amajoni omzimba njenge-prednisone okanye i-cortisone inceda ukunciphisa ukudumba.

Ukuba unayo i-RA, ugqirha wakho unokukubeka kwii-corticosteroids okanye isifo esiguqula amachiza e-antirheumatic (DMARDs), acinezela amajoni akho omzimba. Kukwakho amayeza amaninzi anyanga i-OA efumaneka kwikhawuntara okanye ngonyango.

Ivenkile iicapsaicin cream zokuthomalalisa iintlungu.

Ugqirha

Ugqirha lokutshintsha ilunga lakho kunye nelokufakelwa kunokuba yinto onokukhetha kuyo. Olu hlobo lotyando luqhele ukwenziwa ukubuyisela esinqeni nasemadolweni.

Ukuba isifo sakho samathambo siqatha kwiminwe yakho okanye esihlahleni, ugqirha wakho unokwenza ukudibanisa ngokudibeneyo. Kule nkqubo, iziphelo zamathambo akho zitshixelwe ndawonye ade aphilise kwaye abe nye.

Ulungiso lwenyama

Unyango lomzimba olubandakanya ukuzilolonga okunceda ukomeleza izihlunu ezijikeleze ilunga elichaphazelekayo sisiseko sonyango lwe-arthritis.

Luluphi utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olunokunceda abantu abane-arthritis?

Ukwehla kobunzima kunye nokugcina ubunzima obusempilweni kunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhula kwe-OA kwaye kunokunciphisa iimpawu ukuba sele unayo.

Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kubalulekile ukunciphisa umzimba. Ukukhetha ukutya okuninzi ngee-antioxidants, ezinje ngeziqhamo ezitsha, imifuno, kunye nemifuno, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba. Okunye ukutya okunciphisa ukudumba kubandakanya iintlanzi kunye namandongomane.

Ukutya ukunciphisa okanye ukunqanda ukuba unesifo samathambo kubandakanya ukutya okuthosiweyo, ukutya okwenziweyo, iimveliso zobisi, kunye nokutya okuphezulu kwenyama.

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ii-antibodies ze-gluten zinokubakho kubantu abane-RA. Ukutya okungahambisani ne-gluten kunokuphucula iimpawu kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezifo. Uphononongo luka-2015 lukwacebisa ukutya okungahambisani ne-gluten kubo bonke abantu abafumana ukuxilongwa kwesifo sezicubu esingafaniyo.

Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo kuya kugcina amalungu akho eguquguqukayo. Ukuqubha kuhlala kuyinto elungileyo yokwenza umthambo kubantu abane-arthritis kuba ayifaki xinzelelo kumalungu akho ngendlela ebalekayo nehamba ngayo. Ukuhlala usebenza kubalulekile, kodwa kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uyaphumla xa ufuna ukuphepha ukuzixakekisa kakhulu.

Ukuzivocavoca ekhaya ungazama ukuquka:

• ukujija kwentloko, ukujikeleza kwentamo, kunye nokunye ukuzilolonga ukuze unciphise iintlungu entanyeni yakho
• ukugoba ngomnwe kunye nokugoba ubhontsi ukunciphisa iintlungu ezandleni zakho
• umlenze uphakamisa, ukolula umsipha, kunye nokunye ukuzilolonga ngokulula kwamathambo emadolo

Iyintoni imbonakalo yexesha elide kubantu abane-arthritis?

Nangona kungekho nonyango ye-arthritis, unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunciphisa kakhulu iimpawu zakho.

Ukongeza kunyango olucebiswa ngugqirha, unokwenza utshintsho oluninzi olunokukunceda ekulawuleni isifo samathambo.