Buza iNgcali: Uhlobo lweSwekile 2 kunye neNtliziyo yeNtliziyo ziDibene njani

Umxholo

• 1. Luluphi unxibelelwano phakathi kohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile kunye nempilo yentliziyo?
• 2. Ngawaphi amanyathelo endinokuwathatha ukuthintela iingxaki zohlobo lwesibini lweswekile?
• 3. Zeziphi ezinye izinto ezibeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo?
• 4. Ngaba ugqirha uya kuwujonga umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, kwaye kuya kufuneka ndisibone kangaphi?
• 5. Loluphi uvavanyo oluza kusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujonga impilo yentliziyo yam?
• 6. Ndingalunciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi neswekile?
• 7. Ndingayinciphisa njani icholesterol yam nesifo seswekile?
• 8. Ngaba lukhona unyango endinokuluthatha ukukhusela intliziyo yam?
• 9. Ngaba zikhona iimpawu zokulumkisa ukuba ndikhula nesifo sentliziyo?

1. Luluphi unxibelelwano phakathi kohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile kunye nempilo yentliziyo?

Umanyano phakathi kohlobo lwesibini lweswekile kunye nempilo yentliziyo iphindwe kabini.

Okokuqala, uhlobo lwesibini lweswekile luhlala luhambelana nemingcipheko yentliziyo. Oku kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu.

Okwesibini, isifo seswekile ngokwaso sonyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Isifo sentliziyo esine-atherosclerotic sesona sizathu siphambili sokufa kwabantu abanesifo seswekile. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukubetha, kunye nesifo se-vascular peripheral.

Ukusilela kwentliziyo kuyenzeka rhoqo kubantu abaphila nesifo seswekile.

Unokuzama i-American College of Cardiology's calculator ukuqikelela umngcipheko weminyaka eli-10 yesifo sentliziyo.

2. Ngawaphi amanyathelo endinokuwathatha ukuthintela iingxaki zohlobo lwesibini lweswekile?

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile lunxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezincinci kunye nemacrovascular.

Iingxaki zeMicrovascular zibandakanya ukonakala kwimithambo yegazi encinci. Oku kubandakanya:

• isifo seswekile, esingumonakalo wamehlo
• I-nephropathy, eyonakalisa izintso
• i-neuropathy, eyonakalisayo kwimithambo yoluvo

Iingxaki zeMacrovascular zibandakanya ukonakala kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, imivumbo, kunye nezifo zemithambo yoluvo.

Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunokunciphisa amathuba okuba neengxaki ze-microvascular. Iithagethi zeswekile yegazi zixhomekeke kubudala bakho nakwizinto ezihlekisayo. Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka lugcine inqanaba leswekile yegazi engama-80 ukuya kwi-130 mg / dL ukuzila ukutya, kwaye iphantsi kwe-160 mg / dL kwiiyure ezimbini emva kokutya, kunye ne-A1C engaphantsi kwe-7.

Ungawunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu ngokulawula i-cholesterol, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye neswekile. Ugqirha wakho usenokucebisa ngeasprini kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, njengokuyeka ukutshaya.

3. Zeziphi ezinye izinto ezibeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo?

Ukongeza kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, iimeko zomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo zibandakanya:

• ubudala
• ukutshaya
• Imbali yosapho yeengxaki zentliziyo
• igazi elonyukayo
• cholesterol ephezulu
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• amanqanaba aphezulu e-albin, iprotein kumchamo wakho
• isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso

Awunakho ukutshintsha izinto ezinobungozi, ezinje ngembali yosapho lwakho, kodwa ezinye ziyanyangeka.

4. Ngaba ugqirha uya kuwujonga umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, kwaye kuya kufuneka ndisibone kangaphi?

Ukuba usandula ukufumanisa ukuba unesifo seswekile sesi-2, ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo oluphambili ngumntu oza kukunceda ulawule isifo seswekile kunye nemingcipheko yentliziyo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ubone i-endocrinologist kulawulo lwesifo seswekile.

Ukuhamba rhoqo kugqirha kuyahluka kuye komnye umntu. Okwangoku, licebo elilungileyo ukukhangelwa ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka ukuba imeko yakho iphantsi kolawulo olufanelekileyo. Ukuba isifo sakho seswekile siyinkimbinkimbi, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho amatyeli amane ngonyaka.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela imeko yentliziyo, kufuneka bakuthumele kugqirha wezentliziyo kuvavanyo olukhethekileyo.

5. Loluphi uvavanyo oluza kusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujonga impilo yentliziyo yam?

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imeko yakho yomngcipheko wentliziyo kwimbali yakho yezonyango, kuvavanyo lomzimba, kuvavanyo lweelebhu, nakwi-electrocardiogram (EKG).

Ukuba iimpawu zakho okanye ukuphumla kwe-EKG akuqhelekanga, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lunokubandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo, i-echocardiogram, okanye i-coronary angiography. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela isifo se-vascular peripheral okanye isifo se-carotid, banokusebenzisa iDoppler ultrasound.

6. Ndingalunciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi neswekile?

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luyinto ebangela umngcipheko kuzo zombini isifo sentliziyo kunye nezintso, ke kubalulekile ukuyigcina iphantsi kolawulo. Ngokwesiqhelo, sijolise kuxinzelelo lwegazi olungaphantsi kwe-140/90 kubantu abaninzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, njengabantu abanezintso okanye isifo sentliziyo, sijolise phantsi kwe-130/80 ukuba amanani asezantsi anokufikelelwa ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kubandakanya indibaniselwano yotshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nonyango. Ukuba uthathwa njengotyebileyo okanye otyebileyo, ukuncipha komzimba kuyacetyiswa.

Kuya kufuneka wenze utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, njengokulandela ukutya kwe-DASH (Indlela yokutya yokuThintela uxinzelelo lwegazi). Le ndlela yokutya ifuna ngaphantsi kwe-2.3 g yesodium ngosuku kunye ne-8 ukuya kwi-10 yokuhanjiswa kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno ngosuku. Ikwaqulathe iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha asezantsi.

Kuya kufuneka uphephe nokusela utywala kakhulu kwaye wandise amanqanaba omsebenzi.

7. Ndingayinciphisa njani icholesterol yam nesifo seswekile?

Ukutya kwakho kudlala indima enkulu kumanqanaba akho e-cholesterol. Kuya kufuneka utye amafutha amaninzi, kwaye wandise ukusetyenziswa kokutya okunamafutha acid kunye nefayibha.Izidlo ezibini eziluncedo ekulawuleni i-cholesterol kukutya okungu-DASH kunye nokutya kweMeditera.

Ingcinga efanelekileyo yokwandisa amanqanaba akho omsebenzi womzimba ngokunjalo.

Okona kuninzi, abantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kufuneka bathathe iyeza le-statin ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yabo. Nokuba une-cholesterol eqhelekileyo, la machiza abonakalisile ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo.

Uhlobo kunye nokuqina kwesiyobisi se-statin kunye nexabiso ekujolise kulo kwi-cholesterol kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Oku kubandakanya ubudala bakho, i-comorbidities, kunye nomngcipheko wakho oqikelelweyo weminyaka eli-10 yesifo se-atherosclerotic vascular. Ukuba umngcipheko wakho mkhulu kuneepesenti ezingama-20, uya kufuna unyango olungakumbi.

8. Ngaba lukhona unyango endinokuluthatha ukukhusela intliziyo yam?

Indlela yokuphila esempilweni ibandakanya ukutya okusempilweni, ukunqanda ukutshaya, kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo. Ukongeza, yonke imingcipheko yentliziyo kufuneka ibe phantsi kolawulo. Oku kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, kunye ne-cholesterol.

Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kufuneka bathathe iyeza le-statin ukunciphisa ukubakho komsitho we-coronary. Abantu abanembali yesifo sentliziyo okanye abo basemngciphekweni omkhulu basenokuba ngabagqatswa beasprini okanye ezinye iiarhente ze-antiplatelet. Olu nyango luyahluka kuye ngomntu.

9. Ngaba zikhona iimpawu zokulumkisa ukuba ndikhula nesifo sentliziyo?

Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zobukho besifo sentliziyo kunokubandakanya:

• Ukungaphatheki kakuhle esifubeni okanye engalweni
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubetha
• iimpawu ze-neurological
• ukudumba komlenze
• iintlungu zethole
• isiyezi
• isiqaqa

Ngelishwa, phambi kwesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo sisoloko sithule. Umzekelo, ukubhloka kunokubakho kwimithambo yegazi ngaphandle kwentlungu esifubeni. Oku kwaziwa njenge-ischemia ethe cwaka.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ukubhekisa phambili kuyo yonke imingcipheko yentliziyo yakho kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ugqirha Maria Prelipcean ngugqirha oyingcali kwi-endocrinology. Ngoku usebenza kwiQela lezoNyango laseSouthview eBirmingham, Alabama, njenge-endocrinologist. Ngo-1993, uGqirha Prelipcean waphumelela kwiSikolo sezoNyango sikaCarol Davila ngenqanaba lakhe lobugqirha. Ngo-2016 nango-2017, uGqirha Prelipcean wabizwa njengomnye woogqirha abaphambili eBirmingham yiB-Metro Magazine. Ngexesha lakhe lokuzonwabisa, uyakonwabela ukufunda, ukuhambahamba kunye nokuchitha ixesha nabantwana bakhe.