Amathambo

Umxholo

• Yintoni ufakelelo lwamathambo?
• Iindidi zamathambo
• Kutheni kwenziwa ukufakelwa kwamathambo
• Umngcipheko wokudityaniswa kwamathambo
• Uyilungiselela njani into yokudibanisa amathambo
• Yenziwa njani into yokuthanjiswa kwethambo
• Emva kokumiliselwa kwethambo

Yintoni ufakelelo lwamathambo?

Ukufakelwa kwethambo yinkqubo yotyando esetyenziselwa ukulungisa iingxaki ngamathambo okanye amalungu.

Ukudityaniswa kwamathambo, okanye ukufakelwa kwamathambo, kuluncedo ekulungiseni amathambo onakele ngenxa yomothuko okanye amalungu angxaki. Kukwaluncedo ekukhuleni kwethambo ejikeleze isixhobo esimiliselweyo, njengokutshintsha kwamadolo ngokupheleleyo xa kukho ukulahleka kwethambo okanye ukwaphuka. Ukufakelwa kwethambo kunokugcwalisa indawo apho ithambo lingekho okanye ukunceda ukubonelela ngozinzo lolwakhiwo.

Ithambo elisetyenziswe kwithambo lokudibanisa linokuvela emzimbeni wakho okanye umnikeli, okanye linokuba lilonke. Inokubonelela ngesakhelo apho ithambo elitsha, eliphilayo linokukhula khona ukuba lamkelwe ngumzimba.

Iindidi zamathambo

Ezi ntlobo zimbini zixhaphakileyo zamathambo:

• i-allograft, esebenzisa ithambo elivela kulowo uswelekileyo okanye i-cadaver ecociweyo yagcinwa kwibhanki yeethishu
• I-autograft, evela kwithambo ngaphakathi komzimba wakho, njengeembambo zakho, inyonga, isinqe, okanye isihlahla

Uhlobo lokumiliselwa olusetyenzisiweyo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lokulimala ugqirha wakho alungisa lona.

Iiallografti zihlala zisetyenziswa esinqeni, emadolweni, okanye ekwakheni amathambo ixesha elide. Amathambo amade aquka iingalo nemilenze. Uncedo akukho lunye utyando olongezelelweyo olufunekayo ukufumana ithambo. Ikwathoba umngcipheko wosulelo kuba ukusikwa okungaphaya okanye utyando akufuneki.

Ukufakelwa kwethambo kweAllograft kubandakanya ithambo elingenazo iiseli eziphilayo ukuze umngcipheko wokwaliwa ube mncinci ngokuchasene nokufakelwa komzimba, apho iiseli eziphilayo zikhona. Kuba ithambo elifakelweyo lingaqulathanga umongo ophilayo, akukho sidingo sokudibanisa iintlobo zegazi phakathi komnikeli kunye nomamkeli.

Kutheni kwenziwa ukufakelwa kwamathambo

Ukudityaniswa kwamathambo kwenziwa ngezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya ukwenzakala kunye nezifo. Zine izizathu eziphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo:

• Ukufakelwa kwethambo kunokusetyenziswa kwimeko yokuqhekeka okuninzi okanye okunzima okanye ezo zingaphilisi kakuhle emva konyango lokuqala.
• I-Fusion inceda amathambo amabini aphilise kunye kwilungu eligulayo. Ukuxutywa kuhlala kwenziwa emqolo.
• Ukuhlaziywa kusetyenziselwa ithambo elilahlekileyo kwizifo, usulelo, okanye ukwenzakala. Oku kunokubandakanya ukusebenzisa izixa ezincinci zethambo kwimingxunya yamathambo okanye amacandelo amakhulu amathambo.
• Ukufakelwa kungasetyenziselwa ukunceda amathambo aphilise ngokujikeleza izixhobo ezifakiweyo, njengokufakwa endaweni ngokudibeneyo, iipleyiti, okanye izikrufu.

Umngcipheko wokudityaniswa kwamathambo

Zonke iinkqubo zotyando zibandakanya umngcipheko wokopha, usulelo kunye nokuphendula kwi-anesthesia. Ukufakelwa kwamathambo kuthwala le ngozi kunye nezinye, kubandakanya:

• intlungu
• ukudumba
• ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo
• ukwaliwa kokumiliselwa kwethambo
• ukudumba
• Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kulungelelaniso

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nale mngcipheko kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyinciphisa.

Uyilungiselela njani into yokudibanisa amathambo

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza imbali epheleleyo yonyango kunye novavanyo lomzimba ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nalo naliphi na iyeza, iziyobisi, okanye amayeza owasebenzisayo.

Uya kucelwa ukuba ukhawuleze ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela iingxaki ngelixa uphantsi kweanesthesia.

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo epheleleyo malunga nokuba wenze ntoni kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kunye nangomhla wotyando lwakho. Kubalulekile ukulandela loo miyalelo.

Yenziwa njani into yokuthanjiswa kwethambo

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba loluphi uhlobo lwethambo oluza kusetyenziswa ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Uya kunikwa i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, eya kukubeka ebuthongweni obunzulu. Ugqirha wobulali uza kubeka esweni i-anesthesia kunye nokuchacha kwakho.

Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza isikhumba kulusu olungasentla apho kufuneka khona. Baya kuthi emva koko babumbe ithambo elinikelwe ukuze lilingane nendawo. Ubume bomthambo buzakubanjwa busebenzisa oku kulandelayo:

• izikhonkwane
• iipleyiti
• izikrufu
• iingcingo
• iintambo

Nje ukuba ukulumelela kukhuseleke endaweni, ugqirha wakho uya kuvala ukusikwa okanye inxeba ngemithungo kwaye abophe inxeba. I-cast okanye i-splint ingasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ithambo ngelixa liphilisa. Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho kuphoswa okanye ukusasazeka okuyimfuneko.

Emva kokumiliselwa kwethambo

Ukuchacha ekubuyiseleni kwethambo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokumiliselwa kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo. Ukuchacha okuqhelekileyo kunokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya ngaphezulu konyaka. Uya kudinga ukunqanda ukusebenza ngamandla komzimba logama ugqirha wakho ecebisa.

Faka isicelo somkhenkce uze uphakamise ingalo okanye umlenze emva kotyando. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Inokukunceda ukukhusela ukudumba, okubangela iintlungu kwaye kunokubangela amahlwili egazi emlenzeni wakho. Njengomgaqo oqhelekileyo, gcina ingalo yakho okanye umlenze ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lentliziyo yakho. Nokuba umonzakalo wakho ukwisamente, ukubeka iingxowa zomkhenkce ngaphezulu kwesamente kunokunceda.

Ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, kuya kufuneka usebenzise amaqela emisipha angakhange achaphazeleke lutyando. Oku kuya kunceda ukugcina umzimba wakho ukwimo elungileyo. Kuya kufuneka ugcine ukutya okunempilo, okuya kunceda kwinkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Enye yezinto ezilungileyo onokuzenza kukuyeka ukutshaya. Oku kuyakuphucula impilo yomzimba wakho emva kotyando nangaphaya.

Ukutshaya kunciphisa ukuphola kunye nokukhula kwethambo. ibonakalisile ukuba ukufakelwa kwamathambo kuyasilela kwinqanaba eliphezulu nabantu abatshayayo. Kananjalo, abanye ogqirha bayala ukwenza iinkqubo zokumilisela amathambo kubantu abatshayayo.

Fumana okunye malunga neenzuzo zokuyeka ukutshaya.