INzululwazi yeNgqondo yokukhwela ibhayisekile

Umxholo

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Sele uthanda ukukhwela ibhayisekile yangaphakathi ngenxa yokumpompa kwentliziyo, ukuvutha kwekhalori, ukushukuma kwemilenze, izibonelelo zomzimba ezishukumayo, kodwa kuye kwavela ukuba ukujikeleza amavili kukwangumsebenzi omkhulu wengqondo yakho. Izifundo ezitsha ezininzi ziye zafumanisa ukuba ukuhamba ngebhayisikile kuyayiphucula indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo zibenkulu ukuze ucinge ngokukhawuleza, ukhumbule ngakumbi, kwaye uzive wonwabile. (Jonga ezona ndlela zilungileyo zokumpompa izihlunu zakho zengqondo.)

Ingqondo yenziwe ziindidi ezimbini zethishu: Into engwevu, enazo zonke iisynapses kwaye liziko lokuyalela lomzimba wakho, kunye nomcimbi omhlophe, oliziko lonxibelelwano, usebenzisa ii-axon ukudibanisa iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zento engwevu. Umba omhlophe ngakumbi onawo, ngokukhawuleza unokwenza unxibelelwano olubalulekileyo, ngoko ke nantoni na eyandisa into emhlophe ilungile. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje oluvela eNetherlands lufumanise ukuba ukuhamba ngebhayisikile kwenza kanye loo nto, kuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuxinana kwemicimbi emhlophe kunye nokukhawulezisa unxibelelwano kwingqondo.

Umcimbi omhlophe ayisiyiyo kuphela imeko yengqondo echaphazelekayo ngebhayisikile, nangona kunjalo. Olunye uphando, olupapashwe kulo nyaka kwi Ijenali yeziNgxaki zeSwekile, bafumanisa ukuba emva kokuhamba ngebhayisikili kwiiveki ze-12, abathathi-nxaxheba bafumana okungaphezu kwamandla emilenzeni yabo-baphinde babone ukunyusa kwi-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), iprotheni ejongene nokulawula uxinzelelo, isimo sengqondo kunye nememori. Oku kunokuchaza uphando lwangaphambili olufumene ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okunxulunyaniswa namanqanaba asezantsi oxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo. (Kwaye kukho ezi zibonelelo zili-13 zeMpilo yeNgqondo yokuZilolonga nazo.)

Awuyi kuziva ngcono ngengqondo kuphela emva kokukhwela, kodwa ngokwenene uya kuba krelekrele. Ukukhwela ibhayisekile, kunye nezinye iintlobo zomthambo we-aerobic, kubonakaliswe ukonyusa ihippocampus, esinye sezakhiwo ezininzi zobuchopho ezinxulumene nenkumbulo nokufunda. Isifundo esivela kwiYunivesithi yaseIllinois sifumanise ukuba ihippocampus yabathathi-nxaxheba ikhule ngeepesenti ezimbini kwaye yaphucula imemori yabo kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki nge-15 ukuya kwi-20 yepesenti emva kweenyanga ezintandathu zokuhamba ngebhayisikile yonke imihla. Ukongeza, abakhweli beebhayisikile banike ingxelo yobuchule obukhulu bokugxila kunye nokuphucula ixesha lokuqwalasela. Ngaphezu koko, zonke ezi zinto zibonakala zichasene nokulahleka komsebenzi wobuchopho ngokuqhelekileyo onxulunyaniswa nokuguga, kunye nezazinzulu ziphawula ukuba ubuchopho beebhayisikile bubonakala buncinci ngeminyaka emibini kunoontanga babo abangazilolongi.

"Ngokwandayo, abantu baphila ubomi bokuhlala ngaphezulu. Ngelixa sisazi ukuba [ukuhamba ngebhayisikile] kunokuba neziphumo ezincomekayo kwisifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo seswekile, siyifumene inokubangela ukuphuculwa kokuqonda, ukusebenza kwengqondo, kunye nolwakhiwo lobuchopho, utshilo umbhali okhokelayo. Art Kramer, Ph.D., umlawuli we-Beckman Institute for Advanced Science kunye neTekhnoloji kwiYunivesithi yaseIllinois, kudliwanondlebe kunye Umnxeba.

Uye wongeza ukuba akukho sidingo sokwenza konke ukuze ufumane amandla engqondo, nokuba. Uninzi lwezifundo lubonise ukuphucuka okukhulu kwengqondo emva kokuba abakhweli beebhayisikile bakhwele imizuzu engama-30 okanye ngaphantsi kwinqanaba eliphakathi. Kwaye iziphumo bezingqinelana nokuba abantu bakhwele iibhayisekile zabo ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. (Jonga iindlela ezili-10 zokuHamba ukusuka kwiKlasi yeSpin ukuya eNdleleni.)

Unxibelelwano lwe-neural olomeleleyo, umoya ongcono, kunye nenkumbulo ebukhali-ukongeza kwimpilo yentliziyo engcono, umngcipheko omncinci wesifo seswekile, kunye nomhlaza ongaphantsi. Ngazo zonke ezi zibonelelo, owona mbuzo ngoku kufuneka ube ngowokuba, "Liya kuqala nini ixesha iklasi yokujikeleza kwakhona?"

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