Yintoni iMacular Hole kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga

Umxholo

• Zintoni izizathu
• Uqinisekisa njani
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango njani

Umngxunya we-macular sisifo esifikelela kumbindi we-retina, ebizwa ngokuba yi-macula, esenza umngxunya okhula ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ubangele ukulahleka kombono ngokuthe ngcembe. Lo mmandla ngulo ugxila kwelona nani likhulu leeseli ezibonakalayo, ke le meko ibangela iimpawu ezinje ngokulahleka kobukhali kumbono ophakathi, ukugqwethwa kwemifanekiso kunye nobunzima kwimisebenzi efana nokufunda okanye ukuqhuba.

Emva kokuqinisekiswa kwesi sifo ngovavanyo lwamehlo kunye neemviwo, ezinje ngetomography, kunyanzelekile ukuba kwenziwe unyango lomngxunya we-macular, olona hlobo luphambili ngotyando, olubizwa ngokuba yiVitrectomy, oluquka ukusetyenziswa komxholo ngegesi evumela ukuphola emngxunyeni.

Zintoni izizathu

Izizathu ezichanekileyo ezikhokelela kuphuhliso lomngxunya we-macular aziqondwa kakuhle, ke nabani na unokukhulisa esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ziququzelela ukuvela kwayo, njenge:

• Ubudala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40;
• Ukulimala kwamehlo, njengemivimbo;
• Ukudumba iliso;
• Ezinye izifo zamehlo, ezinjenge-retinopathy yeswekile, i-cystoid macular edema okanye i-retinal detachment, umzekelo;

Umngxunya we-macular ukhula xa i-vitreous, eyijel egcwalisa ukhozo lweliso, isuka kwi-retina, enokuthi ikhokelele ekwakhiweni kwesiphene kulo mmandla, obangela ukonakala kwinyama echaphazelekayo.

Ngokuchaphazela i-retina, engummandla obuthathaka kwaye ubaluleke kakhulu emehlweni, umbono uyachaphazeleka. Jonga ezinye izifo ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela i-retina, ngakumbi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, njengesixhobo sokubuyisa i-retinal detachment kunye ne-macular degeneration.

Uqinisekisa njani

Ukuchongwa komngxunya we-macular kwenziwa ngovavanyo lwe-ophthalmologist, ngokwenza imephu ye-retina, enxulunyaniswa nokusebenza kovavanyo lwe-imaging olufana netomography yeliso, okanye i-OCT, ebonisa ngokungaphaya ubume beretina.

Jonga ukuba lwenziwa njani uvavanyo lweemephu zewayini kunye nokuba zeziphi izifo onokuzichonga.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zomngxunya we-macular zibandakanya:

• Ukunciphisa ubukhali bemifanekiso embindini wombono;
• Ubunzima bokubona, ngakumbi ngexesha lezinto ezinje ngokufunda, ukuqhuba izithuthi okanye ukuthunga, umzekelo;
• Umbono kabini;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemifanekiso yezinto.

Iimpawu ziyavela kwaye ziya zisiba mbi njengoko umngxunya we-macular ukhula kwaye ufikelela kwiindawo ezinkulu ze-retina, kwaye akunakubangela zimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala. Ukongeza, inye kuphela okanye omabini amehlo anokuchaphazeleka.

Unyango njani

Unyango lomngxunya we-macular luxhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye nobukhali, njengakwiimeko ezininzi zokuqala kunokuboniswa kuphela.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko apho kukho ukukhula kwesilonda kunye nobukho beempawu, olona hlobo lonyango lonyango ngotyando lweVitrectomy, olwenziwa ngugqirha wamehlo ngokususa i-vitreous emva koko kugalelwe irhasi ngaphakathi kweliso. ukukhulula uxinzelelo olubangela umngxunya, ukunceda ukuvalwa kunye nokuphilisa.

Njengoko ixesha lihamba, i-bubble yegesi eyenziweyo iphinda ibuyiswe ngumzimba kwaye inyibilike ngokwendalo, ngaphandle kwesidingo songenelelo olutsha. Ukubuyiselwa emva kokusebenza kungenziwa ekhaya, ngokuphumla, ukusetyenziswa kwamehlo kunye nokuma kwamehlo ngendlela eyalelwe ngugqirha, kwaye umbono uyabuyiswa ngokuhamba kweentsuku, ngelixa i-bubble yegesi iphinda ibuyiselwe, enokuhlala ixesha elide ixesha.iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6.