Umhlaza wesibindi: iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ezinokuthi zibonise umhlaza
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela
• Ngubani osengozini enkulu
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Zithini iindidi

Umhlaza wesibindi luhlobo lwethumba elibi elivela kwiiseli ezenza isibindi, ezinje nge-hepatocytes, i-bile ducts okanye imithambo yegazi, kwaye ngokubanzi iba ndlongondlongo. Ingabangela iimpawu, ezihlala zibonakala kumanqanaba aphezulu esi sifo, kwaye zibandakanya iintlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukwehla kobunzima namehlo atyheli.

Abantu abanamafutha esibindi, i-cirrhosis yesibindi okanye abasebenzisa i-anabolic steroids basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwalo mhlaza, oqhele ukubonwa ngovavanyo lwesisu, njenge-ultrasound okanye i-tomography, ekwaziyo ukubona amaqhuqhuva omnye okanye nangaphezulu esibindini.

Unyango lwenziwa ngotyando kunye nangokonyango, ngokuxhomekeka kubungakanani kunye nokuba qatha kwetyala ngalinye, kwaye amathuba okunyanga makhulu xa ithumba lichongwa kwangethuba, kumanqanaba okuqala. Xa kungasakwazi ukufikelela kunyango lomhlaza wesibindi, ixesha lokusinda limalunga neminyaka emi-5, kodwa eli xabiso lingahluka ngokwenqanaba lesifo kunye nezinye izifo zesigulana.

Iimpawu ezinokuthi zibonise umhlaza

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokuvela kumhlaza wesibindi zibandakanya:

1. Ubuhlungu esiswini, ngakumbi kwicala lasekunene lesisu;
2. Ukudumba kwesisu;
3. Ukuthoba umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu;
4. Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
5. Ukudinwa kakhulu;
6. Isikhumba esimthubi namehlo;
7. Ukugula rhoqo elwandle.

Ngelishwa, ezi mpawu zihlala zivela xa umhlaza sele uphuhlisiwe kwaye, ke, kwiimeko ezininzi, umhlaza wesibindi unokufunyanwa kwinqanaba eliphambili, eliwanciphisayo amathuba akho onyango.

Ke, xa kukho izinto ezinobungozi, ezinje ngokusela kakhulu okanye isifo sesibindi, kubalulekile ukuba ube nokuqeshwa rhoqo kunye ne-hepatologist ukuvavanya rhoqo isibindi kunye nokujonga naluphi na utshintsho olunokuthi luvele.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela

Kwiimeko apho nayiphi na kwezi mpawu zivela, okanye zininzi izinto ezinobungozi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane noochwephesha kwiimvavanyo zokuqonda isifo, ezinje ngesisu esiswini, i-CT scan okanye iMRI, ukuqinisekisa ukuba lukhona na utshintsho olunokubonisa ubukho yendawo okanye i-nodule ephakamisa ithumba.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ayisiwo onke amaqhuma okanye umjikelo esibindini obonisa umhlaza, kwaye kufuneka ulinde ugqirha ukuba ahlahle iimpawu zayo, kwaye unokugqiba ukuba ngaba kukho umngcipheko okanye hayi. Ukuba zichongiwe iinguqu ezikrokrisayo, ugqirha unoku-odola i-biopsy yesiqwengana sesibindi, ukujonga elebhu ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza kwilungu. Qonda xa i-cyst esibindini iyingozi.

Kumatyala amarhanela, kuyacetyiswa ukuphindaphinda iimvavanyo rhoqo, minyaka le okanye yonke iminyaka emi-3, kwimeko nganye, ukuze kube nakho ukujonga ukuba ngaba kukho ukukhula okanye ukukhula kweempawu ezintsha ezinokubonisa umhlaza.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu

Nangona nabani na onokuba nomhlaza wesibindi, olu hlobo lomhlaza luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane:

• Usulelo olungapheliyo kwi-Hepatitis B okanye i-Hepatitis C;
• Ukudumba;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwee-anabolic steroids;
• Isifo seswekile;
• Amafutha esibindi;
• Ukusela kakhulu utywala.

Ukongeza, iimeko ze-ulcerative colitis okanye i-cholangitis yexesha elide inokuphinda ibe nomhlaza wesibindi ngokulula.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Phantse kuzo zonke iimeko, unyango lomhlaza wesibindi lwenziwa ngotyando ukususa yonke indawo echaphazelekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba unyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation ngaphambi kotyando ukunciphisa ubungakanani bomhlaza kunye nokwenza lula ukususwa.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho umhlaza uphuculwe kakhulu okanye usasazeka kwamanye amalungu, ichemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha zingasetyenziswa kuphela emva kotyando ukuzama ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza ezisele.

Ukuba kukho esinye isifo, njenge-cirrhosis, ukususa inxalenye yesibindi kunokuba nzima, ngoko ugqirha unokucebisa ukufakelwa kwesibindi ukuzama ukufezekisa unyango. Funda ngakumbi ngale ndlela yonyango.

Zithini iindidi

Umhlaza wesibindi unokuba ngowokuqala, oko kukuthi, xa uvela ngokuthe ngqo esibindini, okanye unokuba ngowesibini, nge-metastasis okanye ukusasazeka komhlaza kwamanye amalungu, njengemiphunga, isisu, isisu okanye isifuba, umzekelo.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesibindi yi-hepatocarcinoma okanye i-hepatocellular carcinoma, ekwabaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ivela kwiiseli eziphambili ezenza isibindi, esibizwa ngokuba yi-hepatocytes. Elinye ithumba eliqhelekileyo eliphambili yi-cholangiocarcinoma, evela kwimibhobho yenyongo. Funda nzulu malunga neempawu kunye nonyango lomhlaza web bile.

Ezinye iintlobo ezinqabileyo zethumba zibandakanya i-fibrolamellar variant liver carcinoma, angiosarcoma okanye hepatoblastoma, umzekelo.