Yintoni Ebangela Ukudumba Kwengqondo?

Umxholo

• I-narcolepsy iyichaphazela njani imijikelezo yokulala?
• Izifo ezizimeleyo
• Ukungalingani kwemichiza
• Imfuza kunye nembali yosapho
• Ukulimala kwengqondo
• Izifo ezithile
• Ukuthatha

I-narcolepsy luhlobo lwesifo esinganyangekiyo sengqondo esichaphazela imijikelezo yakho yokulala.

Oyena nobangela woburharha awaziwa, kodwa iingcali zikholelwa ukuba izinto ezininzi zinokudlala indima.

Ezi zinto zibandakanya isifo sokuzimela, ukungalingani kwemichiza yobuchopho, ufuzo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukwenzakala kwengqondo.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nezizathu ezinokubangela kunye nemingcipheko ye-narcolepsy.

I-narcolepsy iyichaphazela njani imijikelezo yokulala?

Ubusuku obuqhelekileyo bokulala buqulethwe yintshukumo yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo (REM) kunye nemijikelezo engeyiyo ye-REM. Ngexesha lomjikelo we-REM, umzimba wakho ungena kwimeko yokukhubazeka kunye nokuphumla okunzulu.

Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu engama-90 yokungalali kwe-REM ukungena kumjikelo we-REM - kodwa xa une-narcolepsy, i-non-REM kunye ne-REM yokulala ayijikelezi njengoko kufanelekile. Unokufaka umjikelo we-REM kwimizuzu nje eli-15, nokuba kusemini xa ungazami ukulala.

Ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kwenza ukulala kwakho kungabuyiseli kunokuba kufanelekile kwaye kunokukuvusa rhoqo ubusuku bonke. Zingakhokelela kwiingxaki emini, kubandakanya ukulala kakhulu emini kunye nezinye iimpawu zokuqaqanjelwa sisisu.

Nangona oyena nobangela woku kuphazamiseka kungaziwa, abaphandi bafumanise izinto ezininzi ezinokuba negalelo.

Izifo ezizimeleyo

Obunye ubungqina bubonisa ukuba isifo se-autoimmune singadlala indima kuphuhliso lwe-narcolepsy.

Kwinkqubo yamajoni omzimba asempilweni, iiseli zomzimba zihlasela abahlaseli njengeentsholongwane ezibangela izifo kunye neentsholongwane. Xa amajoni omzimba ehlasela ngempazamo iiseli zomzimba kunye nezicubu zomzimba, oku kuchazwa njengesifo somzimba.

Kwi-1 narcolepsy, iiseli kumajoni omzimba zinokuhlasela iiseli ezithile zobuchopho ezivelisa ihomoni eyaziwa ngokuba yihypocretin. Idlala indima ekulawuleni imijikelezo yokulala.

Kungenzeka ukuba isifo se-autoimmune isifo esinokudlala indima kuhlobo lwe-2 narcolepsy. Olunye uphononongo olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi leNeurology lufumanise ukuba abantu abane-2 narcolepsy banamathuba ngakumbi kunabantu abangenayo i-narcolepsy yokuba nezinye iintlobo zesifo sokuzimela.

Ukungalingani kwemichiza

IHypocretin yincindi yedlala eveliswa yingqondo yakho. Kukwaziwa nangokuthi yi-orexin. Kuyanceda ukukhuthaza ukuvuka ngelixa ucinezela ukulala kwe-REM.

Amanqanaba angaphantsi kunesiqhelo e-hypocretin kunokubangela uphawu olubizwa ngokuba yi-cataplexy kubantu abane-1 narcolepsy. ICataplexy kukulahleka ngesiquphe, okwethutyana kwethoni yemisipha ngelixa uvukile.

Abanye abantu abane-2 narcolepsy banamanqanaba asezantsi e-hypocretin. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu abane-2 narcolepsy inamanqanaba aqhelekileyo ale hormone.

Phakathi kwabantu abane-2 ye-narcolepsy abanamanqanaba asezantsi e-hypocretin, abanye banokuthi ekugqibeleni baphuhlise i-cataplexy kunye nohlobo lwe-1 narcolepsy.

Imfuza kunye nembali yosapho

Ngokwe-National Organisation for Rare Disorders, uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abane-narcolepsy baneenguqu kwi-T cell receptor gene. I-narcolepsy ikwanxulunyaniswe nezinto ezithile zofuzo kwiqela lezakhi zofuzo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-leukocyte antigen complex.

Ezi zofuzo zichaphazela indlela amajoni akho omzimba asebenza ngayo. Izifundo ezithe kratya ziyafuneka ukuze kufundwe ukuba zinokuba negalelo njani kwi-narcolepsy.

Ukuba nezi mpawu zemfuza akuthethi ukuba uya kuphuhlisa i-narcolepsy, kodwa ikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphazamiseka.

Ukuba unembali yosapho ye-narcolepsy, inyusa amathuba akho okuphuhlisa imeko. Nangona kunjalo, abazali abane-narcolepsy bayigqithisela kuphela imeko kumntwana wabo malunga neepesenti enye yamatyala.

Ukulimala kwengqondo

I-narcolepsy yesibini yeyona ndlela inqabileyo ye-narcolepsy, engafane ixhaphake kune-1 okanye uhlobo lwe-2 narcolepsy.

Endaweni yokuba ibangelwe sisifo esizimele okanye isifo semfuza, isifo sokuqaqanjelwa sisibini sibangelwa kukonzakala kwengqondo.

Ukuba ufumana ukwenzakala entloko okwenzakalisa inxenye yengqondo yakho eyaziwa ngokuba yihypothalamus, unokuhlakulela iimpawu zesifo sokuqaqamba kwesibini. Amathumba ebongo nawo anokubangela le meko.

Abantu abane-narcolepsy yesibini bathambekele ekufumaneni eminye imiba yemithambo-luvo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukudakumba okanye ezinye iingxaki zemood, ukulahleka kwememori, kunye ne-hypotonia (ukwehla kwethoni yemisipha).

Izifo ezithile

Iingxelo ezimbalwa zamatyala ziye zacebisa ukubhencwa kusulelo oluthile kunokubangela ukuqala kwengqumbo kwabanye abantu. Kodwa abukho ubungqina obuqinileyo benzululwazi bokuba naluphi na usulelo okanye unyango lubangela imeko.

Ukuthatha

Zininzi izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwe-narcolepsy, ezinje ngesifo sokuzimela, ukungalingani kwemichiza kunye nemfuza.

Oososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuphanda izizathu ezinokubangela kunye nemingcipheko ye-narcolepsy, kubandakanya i-autoimmune kunye ne-genetic components.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nezizathu ezibangela le meko kunokunceda ukuvula indlela eya kwizicwangciso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.