Iingxaki kunye neengozi zePolycythemia Vera

Umxholo

• Ukuchonga i-PV
• Iingxaki
• Thrombosis
• I-spleen eyandisiweyo kunye nesibindi
• Amanqanaba aphezulu eeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• Myelofibrosis
• Ileukemia
• Iingxaki zonyango

Ushwankathelo

IPolycythemia vera (PV) luhlobo olungapheliyo kunye nolunenkqubela phambili yomhlaza wegazi. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezisongela ubomi, ezinje ngegazi kunye neengxaki zokopha.

Ukuchonga i-PV

Ukufunyanwa kwe-JAK2 yemfuza, i-JAK2 V617F, kuncede oogqirha bafumanisa abantu abane-PV. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-95 zabo bane-PV nabo banolu tshintsho lwemfuza.

Utshintsho lweJAK2 lubangela ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zivelise ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Oku kubangela ukuba igazi lakho liqine. Igazi elijiyileyo likuthintela ukuhamba kwamalungu akho kunye nezicubu. Oku kunokuthintela umzimba weoksijini. Inokubangela negazi.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukuba iiseli zakho zegazi aziqhelekanga okanye ukuba amanqanaba akho egazi aphezulu kakhulu. Iseli yegazi emhlophe kunye nokubalwa kweplatelet kunokuchaphazeleka yi-PV. Nangona kunjalo, linani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezimisela ukuxilongwa. I-hemoglobin enkulu kune-16.0 g / dL kwabasetyhini okanye ngaphezulu kwe-16.5 g / dL emadodeni, okanye i-hematocrit engaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-48 kwabasetyhini okanye ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-49 emadodeni angabonisa i-PV.

Ukufumana iimpawu kunokuba sisizathu sokwenza idinga kunye novavanyo lwegazi. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• isiyezi
• utshintsho lombono
• ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukudinwa
• ukubila okugqithisileyo

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba une-PV, baya kukuthumela kwi-hematologist. Ingcali yegazi iya kukunceda ukumisela isicwangciso sakho sonyango. Oku kuhlala kubandakanya iphlebotomy yamaxesha athile (ukuzoba igazi), kunye neasprini yansuku zonke kunye namanye amayeza.

Iingxaki

I-PV ikubeka emngciphekweni weengxaki ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

Thrombosis

I-Thrombosis yenye yezona zinto zixhalabisa kakhulu kwi-PV. Kukujiyiswa kwegazi kwimithambo yakho okanye kwimithambo. Ubungqongqo begazi buxhomekeke apho ihlwili lenziwe khona. Ihlwili kwi:

• Ingqondo inokubangela ukubetha
• Intliziyo iya kubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isiqendu se-coronary
• imiphunga inokubangela ukubola kwemiphunga
• Imithambo enzulu iya kuba sisisu se-vein thrombosis (DVT)

I-spleen eyandisiweyo kunye nesibindi

Isipeni sakho sikwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu sakho. Omnye wemisebenzi yawo kukucoca iiseli zegazi ezigugileyo emzimbeni. Ukuziva udumbile okanye ugcwele ngokulula ziimpawu ezimbini ze-PV ezibangelwa sisipele esandisiweyo.

I-spleen yakho iyanda xa izama ukucoca inani eligqithisileyo leeseli zegazi ezenziwe ngumongo wethambo. Ukuba udakada lwakho alubuyeli kubungakanani obuqhelekileyo ngonyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-PV, kusenokufuneka lususwe.

Isibindi sakho sikwindawo ephezulu yesisu sakho. Njengepeni, inokwandiswa kwi-PV. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yotshintsho ekuhambeni kwegazi esibindini okanye umsebenzi owongezelelekileyo ekufuneka isibindi siwenzile kwi-PV. Isibindi esandisiweyo sinokubangela iintlungu zesisu okanye ulwelo olongezelelekileyo ukwakha ngaphakathi

Amanqanaba aphezulu eeseli ezibomvu zegazi

Ukonyuka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokubangela ukudumba ngokudibeneyo, kunye noxinaniso, iintloko zentloko, iingxaki zombono, kunye nokuba ndindisholo kunye nokubetha ezandleni nasezinyaweni. I-hematologist yakho iya kuphakamisa iindlela zokunyanga ezi mpawu.

Ukutofelwa igazi okwenziwa ngamaxesha athile kunokunceda ukugcina iiseli ezibomvu zikwinqanaba elamkelekileyo. Xa olu khetho lungasebenzi okanye amayeza engancedi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukufakelwa kweeseli zokulawula isifo.

Myelofibrosis

I-Myelofibrosis, ekwabizwa ngokuba “sisigaba esichithwe” se-PV, ichaphazela malunga neepesenti ezili-15 zabo bafunyaniswe bene-PV. Oku kwenzeka xa umongo wethambo lakho ungasavelisi iiseli ezisempilweni okanye ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Endaweni yoko umongo wethambo lakho uthatyathelwe indawo sisihlunu esibomvu. I-Myelofibrosis ayichaphazeli kuphela inani leeseli ezibomvu, kodwa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelet.

Ileukemia

Ixesha elide i-PV inokukhokelela kwi-leukemia ebukhali, okanye umhlaza wegazi kunye nomongo wethambo. Le ngxaki ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kune-myelofibrosis, kodwa umngcipheko wayo uyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokude umntu ene-PV, umngcipheko ophakamileyo wokuba ne-leukemia.

Iingxaki zonyango

Unyango lwe-PV lunokubangela iingxaki kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ungaqala ukuziva udiniwe okanye udiniwe emva kwephlebotomy, ngakumbi ukuba unale nkqubo rhoqo. Imithambo yakho isenokonakala ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo iphindaphindwe.

Ngamanye amaxesha, irejimeni yedosi ephantsi yedosi inokubangela ukopha.

I-Hydroxyurea, eyindlela ye-chemotherapy, inokunciphisa ukubala kwegazi okubomvu nokumhlophe kunye neeplatelets kakhulu. I-Hydroxyurea yonyango lwelebheli ye-PV. Oku kuthetha ukuba ichiza alivunyelwanga kunyango lwe-PV, kodwa kubonisiwe ukuba luncedo kubantu abaninzi. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwe-hydroxyurea kunyango kwi-PV zinokubandakanya iintlungu zesisu, iintlungu zethambo, kunye nesiyezi.

I-Ruxolitinib (Jakafi), ekuphela konyango oluvunyiweyo lwe-FDA ye-myelofibrosis kunye ne-PV, inokucinezela ukubala kwegazi kwakho kakhulu. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukuba nesiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukudumba kwezihlunu, iintlungu esiswini, ukuphefumla nzima, kunye.

Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibalulekileyo kulo naluphi na unyango okanye amayeza akho, thetha neqela lakho lonyango. Wena kunye ne-hematologist yakho unokufumana unyango olunokukusebenzela.