I-Toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa

Umxholo

• Iimpawu kunye neengxaki zeCoxitalasm Toxoplasmosis
• Zithini iingozi zomntwana wam ongekazalwa efumana i-Toxoplasmosis ye-Congenital?
• Yintoni ebangela ukuba i-Toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa?
• Ngaba Ndifanele Ndiyilahle Ikati Yam?
• Ichongwa Njani?
• Iphathwa Njani?
• Amayeza anikwe ngexa lokukhulelwa
• Amayeza anikwa umntwana emva kokuzalwa
• Ukulindela ixesha elide
• Uthintelo

Ushwankathelo

I-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa sisifo esenzeka kwimveku enesifo Toxoplasma gondii, sisidleleli protozoan, leyo idluliselwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kwimveku. Ingabangela ukuphuma kwesisu okanye ukuzala umntwana oswelekileyo. Inokubangela ukubonwa okunzulu kunye nokuqhubela phambili kokuva, ukuva iimoto, ukuqonda, kunye nezinye iingxaki emntwaneni.

Kukho malunga nama-400 ukuya kuma-4,000 amatyala e-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa unyaka nonyaka e-United States.

Iimpawu kunye neengxaki zeCoxitalasm Toxoplasmosis

Uninzi lweentsana ezosulelekileyo lubonakala lusempilweni xa luzalwa. Bahlala bengazivelisi iimpawu de kube ziinyanga, iminyaka, okanye amashumi eminyaka kamva ebomini.

Iintsana ezine-toxoplasmosis ezalwa kakhulu zidla ngokuba neempawu xa zizalwa okanye zibe neempawu kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala zobomi.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha - kangangesiqingatha seentsana ezine-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa zizalwa ngaphambi kwexesha
• ubunzima bokuzalwa obungaqhelekanga
• ukonakala kwamehlo
• i-jaundice, ukutyheli kolusu kunye namhlophe ngamehlo
• urhudo
• ukugabha
• ianemia
• ubunzima bokutya
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• ukwandisa isibindi kunye ne-spleen
• i-macrocephaly, intloko enkulu ngokungaqhelekanga
• i-microcephaly, intloko encinci encinci
• irhashalala
• iingxaki zombono
• ukungeva kakuhle
• ukulibaziseka kweemoto kunye nophuhliso
• i-hydrocephalus, ulwakhiwo lwe-fluid kulukakayi
• ukubala okungaphakathi, ubungqina bemimandla yomonakalo kwingqondo ebangelwa zii-parasites
• ukuxhuzula
• ukudodobala kwengqondo ngokukhawuleza

Zithini iingozi zomntwana wam ongekazalwa efumana i-Toxoplasmosis ye-Congenital?

Ukuba wosulelwa ngama-parasites ngexesha lekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, umntwana wakho unethuba le-15-20 leepesenti lokufumana i-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wosuleleka kwinyanga yesithathu, umntwana wakho ongekazalwa unamathuba angama-60 ekhulwini wokosulelwa, ngokutsho koqikelelo lweSibhedlele saBantwana saseBoston.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba i-Toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa?

Ungayifumana T. gondii izidleleleli ngeendlela ezininzi:

• ngokutya inyama engaphekwanga okanye engaphekwanga kakuhle
• kwimveliso engahlanjwanga
• ngamanzi okusela angcoliswe zizifunxi-gazi okanye amaqanda abo, nangona kunqabile ukufumana izifunxi-gazi emanzini eUnited States.
• ngokuchukumisa umhlaba ongcolileyo okanye ilindle lekati emva koko uchukumise umlomo wakho

Ukuba wosulelwa zizifunxi-gazi xa ukhulelwe, ungazigqithisela kumntwana wakho ongekazalwa ngexa lokukhulelwa okanye xa uhambisa.

Ngaba Ndifanele Ndiyilahle Ikati Yam?

Ungayigcina ikati yakho, nokuba zinezidleleleli. Umngcipheko wokufumana iiparasites kwikati yakho uphantsi kakhulu, ngokwe. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba nomnye umntu otshintsha ibhokisi yenkunkuma yekati yakho ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ichongwa Njani?

Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze afumane izifunxi-gazi. Ukuba uvavanyiwe une-parasites, banokwenza uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho ukumisela ukuba umntwana wakho ongekazalwa unosulelo. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya:

• i-ultrasound ukujonga ukungaqheleki kosana olungekazalwa, olufana nehydrocephalus
• ukusabela kwetyathanga le-polymerase, okanye i-PCR, kuvavanyo lwe-amniotic fluid, nangona olu vavanyo lunokuvelisa iziphumo ezibi ezingezizo okanye ubuxoki
• ukuvavanywa kwegazi kwimveku engekazalwa

Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa emva kokuzalwa, ugqirha wakho unokwenza enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba womzimba kwintsholongwane yegazi
• Uvavanyo lwe-antibody kulwelo lomntwana wakho lwe-cerebrospinal fluid
• uvavanyo lwegazi
• ukuvavanywa kwamehlo
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological
• Iskena se-CT okanye se-MRI sobuchopho bosana lwakho

Iphathwa Njani?

Olunye uhlobo lonyango luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa:

Amayeza anikwe ngexa lokukhulelwa

• i-spiramycin, okanye i-Rovamycine, ukunceda ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwe-parasites ukusuka kumntwana wakho
• I-pyrimethamine, okanye iDaraprim, kunye ne-sulfadiazine zinokunikwa emva kwekota yokuqala ukuba kuqinisekisiwe ukuba umntwana wakho wosulelwe zizifunxi-gazi.
• folic acid ukukhusela ekulahlekelweni ngumongo wethambo kuwe nakwimbungu yakho, ebangelwa yi-pyrimethamine kunye ne-sulfadiazine
• i-pyrimethamine, i-sulfadiazine, kunye ne-folic acid, zihlala zithathwa unyaka omnye
• i-steroids ukuba umbono wosana lwakho usongelwa okanye ukuba umntwana wakho unamanqanaba aphezulu eeprotein kulwelo lomqolo

Amayeza anikwa umntwana emva kokuzalwa

Ukongeza kumayeza, ugqirha wakho unokumisela ezinye iindlela zonyango, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomntwana wakho.

Ukulindela ixesha elide

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yosana lwakho ixhomekeke kubukhali beempawu zabo. Usulelo lwe-parasite ngokubanzi lubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu kwimveku ezayifumana ekukhulelweni kwasekuqaleni kunokuba ikhulelwe kade. Ukuba ubhaqwe kwangethuba, amayeza anokunikwa ngaphambi kokuba iiparasites zenzakalise umntwana wakho. Ukufikelela kwiipesenti ezingama-80 zeentsana ezine-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa ziya kuphuhlisa ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kunye nokufunda kamva ebomini babo. Abanye abantwana banokulahleka kombono kunye nezilonda emehlweni abo kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu nangaphezulu emva kokuzalwa.

Uthintelo

I-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa e-United States inokuthintelwa ukuba wena, njengomama olindeleyo:

• kupheke ukutya kakuhle
• Hlamba uchuba zonke iziqhamo nemifuno
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo kunye neebhodi zokusika ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa inyama, iziqhamo okanye imifuno
• nxiba iiglavu xa usebenza egadini okanye ukunqande ukulima ngokupheleleyo ukunqanda ukudibana nomhlaba onokuba nenkunkuma yekati
• kuthintele ukutshintsha ibhokisi yenkunkuma

Ukulandela ezi zikhokelo zilula kuya kukunceda uphephe ukosulelwa zizifunxi-gazi ezibangela i-toxoplasmosis kwaye ke akunako ukuzidlulisela kumntwana wakho ongekazalwa.