Isishwankathelo ngeNgxwabangxwaba malunga neembaleki zeTransgender - kunye nesizathu sokuba ifanelwe yinkxaso yakho epheleleyo

Umxholo

• Kutheni sithetha ngeembaleki zeTransgender ngoku
• Uninzi lwale Mithetho eYilwayo lwahlula amaQela ngokwaSondo ngokweNdalo '
• Ibango eliKhulu: Amantombazana eTransgender a "Unenzuzo engafanelekanga"
• Ithetha ntoni le Mithetho eYilwayo kwiiMbaleki ezitshintshe isini
• I-Cisgender Allies ingayibonisa njani inkxaso yabo
• Uphengululo lwe

Ngokunyuka kwenani leendawo zikawonke-wonke zihlaziya iingcango zazo zangasese ngeempawu "Zonke iZini ezamkelekileyo zaBesini esifanelekileyo," Buza ukufumana amagama amabini kwiGolden Globe, kunye neLaverne Cox kunye ne-Elliot Page eqinisa iindawo zabo njengamagama emizi, kuyinyani ukuba, kwiindawo ezininzi, izimvo zoluntu malunga nesini (ekugqibeleni) ziyavela, kwaye ziya zisanda ngokwamkela abantu be-transgender.

Kodwa iimbaleki ze-transgender ezisenkundleni, echibini, kunye nasendulini zijongene nemeko eyahlukileyo kwihlabathi lezemidlalo.

"Kumazwe amaninzi kwilizwe liphela, bekukho iinzame ezigxininisiweyo zokunqanda iimbaleki eziguqukayo ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwezemidlalo ezikolweni kumaqela angahambelaniyo nokuba angobani," ucacisa uCasey Pick oyena mntu uphezulu kwezokuxhasa kunye nemicimbi yaseburhulumenteni kwiTrevor Project . Kwelona nqanaba lisisiseko, oko kuthetha ukuba amantombazana e-transgender kula mazwe akavunyelwanga ngokusemthethweni ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo namanye amantombazana, kwaye amakhwenkwe atshintshe isini akanakuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo namakhwenkwe atshintshe isini. Kodwa yemba nzulu, kwaye uya kuqonda ukuba ezi zithintelo zineempembelelo ezingaphezulu kakhulu kunerosta zevarsity.

Funda ukuze uqonde ngcono ukuba kutheni ezi zithintelo zenziwe ngoku, ukuba zithetha ukuthini kwiimbaleki ezitshintshe isini, kunye nokuba kutheni i-facade "yobulungisa" ejikeleze ezi zithintelo ingeyiyo le nto ibonakala ngathi.

Kutheni sithetha ngeembaleki zeTransgender ngoku

Imizimba yabancinci ngokwesini (amantombazana, abafazi, abantu abangengabo-binary) kudala ingumthombo woqikelelo kunye nocalucalulo kwimidlalo. Jonga nje yonke into eyenzekileyo noCaster Semenya, iimbaleki ezibaleka izihlandlo ezibini zeOlimpiki. USemenya ubephantsi kweliso elibukhali lomzimba ukusukela ngo-2009 emva kokuba etyhoboze umgama weemitha ezingama-800 kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi eBerlin, eJamani. Wafunyaniswa ukuba une-hyperandrogenism, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amanqanaba e-testosterone aphezulu ngokwendalo "kwinqanaba labafazi eliqhelekileyo." Ukusukela ngoko, ebekuloo mlo mkhulu wokulwa kunye noManyano lwaMazwe ngaMazwe lweeMbaleki ukukhusela izihloko zakhe kunye nelungelo lokubaleka kwicandelo labasetyhini ukuya phambili.

Nangona kunjalo, iiOlimpiki zaseTokyo ezizayo kunye neendaba zamva nje ezibaleke iimbaleki zeCreCé Telfer zibeke amanqaku kunye nemiceli mngeni yokulawula imidlalo ye-transgender kwindawo ebonakalayo kwakhona. UTelfer akazukuvunyelwa ukuba akhuphisane kwiimvavanyo ze-Olimpiki zase-US kwimidlalo yabasetyhini yeemitha ezingama-400 kuba engakhange ahlangabezane neemfuno zokumiselwa yi-World Athletics, umbutho olawula ilizwe jikelele kwezemidlalo, ngokwe-Associated Press. Iimfuno zokufaneleka - ezikhutshwe ngo-2019 kwaye zibandakanya, umzekelo, ukuba amanqanaba e testosterone kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-5 nanomoles kwilitha nganye kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12-ivaliwe iminyhadala yabasetyhini yamazwe aphesheya kweemitha ezingama-400 kunye nemayile kubadlali abangazange badibane. kubo. Nangona kukho ukusilela, uTelfer ubonakala ethatha isigqibo ngokuthe ngqo. Kwiposti ye-Instagram kwakamsinya nje emva kokuba ezi ndaba ziqhekekile, uTelfer ubhale wathi, "Andinakuyeka ayizukuma🙏🏾. Akukho nto izakubamba ezi zinto. abantu kwaye ndiyenzela wena ❤️🌈💜💛. "

Emva koko, nge-2 kaJulayi, abadlali ababini abangaphezulu bagwetyelwe ukukhuphisana kwimicimbi ethile yabasetyhini kwiMidlalo ezayo ngenxa yamanqanaba abo e-testosterone, nangona i-cisgender; Iimbaleki zaseNamibia uChristine Mboma noBeatrice Masilingi, bobabini abaminyaka ilishumi elinesibhozo ubudala, kunyanzeleke ukuba barhoxe kukhuphiswano lweemitha ezingama-400 emva kovavanyo lwadiza ukuba amanqanaba e-testosterone aphezulu kakhulu, ngokokutshoingxelo ekhutshwe yiKomiti yeOlimpiki yeSizwe yaseNamibia. Iziphumo zabo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba bobabini iimbaleki zinamanqanaba aphezulu e-testosterone angawavumeliyo kwiziganeko eziphakathi kwe-400 kunye ne-1600 yeemitha, ngokomthetho we-World Athletics; Nangona kunjalo, baya kuba nakho ukukhuphisana kugqatso lweemitha ezili-100 kunye neemitha ezingama-200 eTokyo.

Urhulumente waseNamibia uphendule ngengxelo exhasa iimbaleki, esithi, "UMphathiswa ucela i-Athletics Namibia kunye nekomiti ye-Olimpiki yaseNamibia ukuba babandakanye i-International Association of Athletics Federations (ngoku eyaziwa njenge-World Athletics) kunye ne-International Olimpiki Committee ukuba bafune iindlela ezizakwenza oko. bangakhupheli ngaphandle nayiphi na imbaleki ngenxa yeemeko zendalo ezingezizo ezabo,” ngokutsho Reuters.

Kodwa i-Olimpiki ezayo ikude nesizathu sokuba abadlali be-transgender benza iintloko, nangona kunjalo; amazwe aliqela kutshanje uthathe amanyathelo agcina abafundi transgender ngaphandle kwezemidlalo. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2021, i-Alabama, i-Arkansas, i-Mississippi, i-Montana, i-South Dakota, i-West Virginia, i-Tennessee, kunye ne-Florida zonke ziye zamisela izithintelo ezithintela abafundi be-transgender ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwiqela labo lesini esifanelekileyo kwizikolo zikarhulumente. IFlorida ngurhulumente wakutshanje wokwenza njalo, iRhuluneli yaseFlorida uRon DeSantis etyikitye umthetho oyilwayo okhohlisayo, "Ubulungisa kuMthetho Wezemidlalo Wabasetyhini" nge-1 kaJuni kulo nyaka (ewe, ewe, lusuku lokuqala lweNyanga yoKhukhumala). Amazwe amaninzi (North Carolina, Texas, Michigan, nase Oklahoma ukubala nje ezimbalwa) okwangoku azama ukudlulisa umthetho ofanayo.

Ininzi yengxolo ejikeleze le mithetho yetyala ibangele ukuba uluntu lukholelwe ukuba imibutho encinci, i-transphobic grassroots ibangela lo mlilo we-transphobic - kodwa oku akunjalo. Kunoko, "oku kulungelelaniswa ngu yesizwe imibutho elwa ne-LGBTQ efana ne-Alliance Defending Freedom, eyona njongo yayo ingekuko ukukhusela abantu basetyhini kunye namantombazana kwezemidlalo, kodwa kukujongela phantsi ulutsha olungenanto yakwenza nobundlobongela, utshilo uPick. ngokuchasene nokwamkelwa okwandayo kunye nentlonipho uluntu lwe-LGBT oluyiphumeleleyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. uthi.

Ukucacisa: Le mithetho isayilwayo ijolise ngokukodwa kubantwana abakubudala bokuhamba isikolo kwizikolo zikarhulumente. Umbutho weSizwe weeNgcali zeMbaleki kunye neKomiti yeOlimpiki yeHlabathi ayisiyiyo ngqo icacisiwe apha; la mabhunga olawulo aya kuqhubeka nokuzenzela eyabo imithetho.

Uninzi lwale Mithetho eYilwayo lwahlula amaQela ngokwaSondo ngokweNdalo '

Olona lwimi ngqo lwamatyala luhluka kancinci, kodwa uninzi luthi abafundi mabakhuphisane namaqela ngokusekwe kwisini sabo sebhayoloji, esichazwa ngumthetho osayilwayo waseFlorida njengokwabelana ngesondo njengophawu lokuzalwa kwabafundi ngexesha lokuzalwa: M (kwindoda) okanye F (yebhinqa).

Ngelixa zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula kunye nokucwangcisa uluntu, umbono wesini sebhayiloji awuqondwa kakuhle. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu bacinga ukuba ukwabelana ngesondo ngebhayoloji ngumlinganiselo "wento ephakathi kwemilenze yakho," iindlela ezimbini 'zobudoda' (unelungu lobudoda) okanye 'umfazi' (unelungu lobufazi). Hayi nje ukunciphisa, oku kuqonda akuhambelani nesayensi. Ukwabelana ngesondo ngokwebhayoloji akuyiyo into ebambekayo- ikhona kwibala. Abantu abaninzi banokudityaniswa komkhwa (amanqanaba ehomoni, ukumiliselwa kwesini, amalungu okuzala, iipateni zokukhula kweenwele, njl.njl.

Ndiyintombazana kwaye ndiyimbaleki. Ndithatha inxaxheba kwimbaleki njengoontanga bam ukuze ndigqwese, ndifumane uluntu, kunye nentsingiselo ebomini bam. Kungalunganga kwaye kubuhlungu ukuba uloyiso lwam kufuneka luhlaselwe kwaye ukusebenza kwam nzima kungahoywa.

UTerry Miller, imbaleki ye-transgender, kwingxelo ye-ACLU

Ingxaki ngokwahlulahlula abafundi besebenzisa le ndlela iphindwe kabini. Okokuqala, yomeleza ibhayinari yebhayoloji engekhoyo. Okwesibini, isusa isini kwi-equation ngokupheleleyo. (Jonga: Yintoni abantu abangalunganga malunga noLuntu lweTrans, ngokutsho koMhlohli we-Trans Sex)

Isini sahlukile kwisini, kwaye sibhekisa kwiseti yeendlela zokuziphatha, iimpawu, kunye nezinto ezithandwayo ekucingelwa ukuba zikhapha amadoda, abafazi, abantu abangengobantu babini, abantu abakhulu, kunye nabo bonke abanye abantu abahlala ngaphaya koluhlu lwesini. Indlela elula yokucinga ngayo kukuba ukwabelana ngesondo yinto oyenzayo ngokwasemzimbeni, ngelixa isini yinto oqhubeka ngayo entliziyweni yakho, ingqondo kunye nomphefumlo.

Abanye abantu, isini sabo kunye nokuhambelana kwesini, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-cisgender. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, isini kunye nesini azihambelani, nto leyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-transgender. Imithetho esayilwayo ichaphazela le yokugqibela. (Okuninzi apha: I-LGBTQ + Uluhlu lweenkcazo malunga nesini kunye neenkcazo zesini Amanyeneyo ekufuneka eyazi)

Ibango eliKhulu: Amantombazana eTransgender a "Unenzuzo engafanelekanga"

Le mithetho iyilwayo ayijolise nje kumantombazana e-transgender, kodwa njengoko igama lale mithetho libonisa- eIdaho naseFlorida yi "Fairness in Women's Sports Act" ngelixa eMississippi ingu "Mississippi Fairness Act" - ibango elikhulu labo bathandiweyo kubo kukuba amantombazana e-transgender anenzuzo yendalo engafanelekanga xa kuthelekiswa namantombazana e-cisgender.

Kodwa abukho ubungqina benzululwazi obuthi abafazi be-transgender akufuneki bavunyelwe ukuba badlale namanye amantombazana, utshilo ugqirha wabantwana kunye no-Eric Vilain, MD, ongumcebisi kwiKomiti yeOlimpiki yeHlabathi kunye ne-NCAA, owathetha naye I-NPR.

Abaxhasi bala mabhili bajonga kuphando lwangaphambili olucebise ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini be-cisgender, amadoda e-cisgender ane-10 ukuya kwi-12 yepesenti yezemidlalo, ethe yabekwa kwinqanaba elithile kumanqanaba aphezulu e-testosterone testosterone, enoxanduva lokunyuka ubunzima bemisipha kunye namandla. Kodwa (kwaye oku kubalulekile!) Abafazi be-transgender ngabasetyhini, hayi amadoda e-cisgender! Ke ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo azinakusetyenziselwa ukubanga ukuba amantombazana adlula kwi-transgender okanye abasetyhini banelungelo elingafanelekanga kunamantombazana e-cisgender. (Jonga: Utshintsho luyichaphazela njani iNtsebenzo yeMidlalo yeMbaleki yeTransgender?)

Ngapha koko, "abafundi be-transgender abafumana unyango lwe-hormone benza njalo njengonyango phantsi kweliso likagqirha, ke kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo njengaye nawuphi na umfundi omisele iyeza ngugqirha wabo," utshilo uPick.

Abaxhasi bala matyala nabo bakhomba ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukulandelela iinkwenkwezi uTerry Miller kunye noAndraya Yearwood eConnecticut (ilizwe elivumela iimbaleki ukuba zikhuphisane kwezemidlalo ngokwezini zabo zesini) ezihlala ziphumelela imidyarho kwaye zenzeke ukuba zitshintshe. (Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngezi mbaleki, jonga ngaphandle UNancy Podcast Isiqendu 43: "Xa Bephumelele.")

Nantsi into: Kukho abafundi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-56.4 eUnited States, phakathi kwe-pre-kindergarten kunye nebanga le-12, kubandakanywa nezikolo zikarhulumente nezizimeleyo. Uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba phantse iipesenti ezi-2 zaba bafundi zi-transgender, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho malunga nesigidi se-transgender e-US kwaye uninzi lwabafundi abasisigidi sithatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo. “Nangona kunjalo, [abaxhasa lo mthetho uyilwayo] kufuneka baqhubeke bebiza igama elinye okanye amabini ngenxa yokuba iimbaleki ze-transgender azilawulanga kwezemidlalo,” utshilo uPick. "Ke nayiphi na ifuthe testosterone elinalo, siyazi ukuba ayibangeli kulawula." Isishwankathelo: Oko kubizwa ngokuba yinzuzo engenabulungisa akunasiseko.

Ukungabi nabulungisa okwenyani lucalucalulo abajamelene nalo abadlali abancinci be-transgender. NjengoMiller, omnye wabadlali abalandelayo be-transgender track e-Connecticut, wathi kwingxelo ye-ACLU: "Ndijongene nocalucalulo kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi bam [...]. Ndiyintombazana kwaye ndiyimbaleki. Ndithatha inxaxheba Iimbaleki njengoontanga bam ukuba baphumelele, bafumane indawo yokuhlala, kwaye banentsingiselo ebomini bam. Ayilunganga kwaye ibuhlungu into yokuba uloyiso lwam kufuneka luhlaselwe kwaye nokusebenza kwam nzima kungahoywa. "

Ithetha ntoni le Mithetho eYilwayo kwiiMbaleki ezitshintshe isini

Ngokudlula kwale mithetho iyilwayo, abafundi be-transgender abayi kuba nakho ukukhuphisana kumaqela nabanye abantu abakudidi lwabo lwesini. Kodwa kukwathetha ukuba kunokwenzeka, aba bafundi be-transgender abayi kuba nakho nakweyiphi na iqela lezemidlalo konke konke. Ngelixa abawisi-mthetho besithi la mantombazana e-transgender anokukhuphisana kumaqela amakhwenkwe kwaye amakhwenkwe agqithiselayo anokukhuphisana kumaqela amantombazana, kunokuba yinto eyonakalisayo engqondweni nasemphefumlweni ukudlala kwiqela elingahambelani nobuni bakho.

"Ukunyanzela umntu otshintshe isini ukuba enze ngathi akatshintshi okanye abeke kunye nesini esingahambelaniyo kubangela ukuba azenzakalisa kwaye amazinga okuzibulala anyuke," utshilo ingcali yezempilo yengqondo uKryss Shane, M.S., L.M.S.W., umbhali wencwadi ethi Isikhokelo sikatitshala kubandakanywa kwe-LGBT. Ikwababeka emngciphekweni wokuhlukunyezwa. "Umngcipheko wokuxhatshazwa uphezulu," utshilo. Ukuba umfundi ukhetha ukungadlali, bayalelwa ukuba bangabanini, ukusebenza njengeqela, ukuzilolonga, ukuzithemba, kunye nazo zonke ezinye izinto ezifunyanwa lulutsha ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo ezikolweni, utshilo uPick.

Khetha amanqaku okuba ngoku malunga nesiqingatha sabafundi abatshintshe isini baxela ukuba baqinisekisiwe ukuba bangoobani na esikolweni. Ukuba/xa ipasisiwe, “la mithetho isayilwayo ngokusemthethweni iya kufuna ukuba izikolo ezamkelayo ziziphathe ngendlela ecalula olu lutsha,” utshilo. Uphela kwimeko apho, ukusuka nge-8 kusasa ukuya kwi-3 emva kwemini. isini somntu siyavunywa kwaye siqinisekiswe, kwaye ngexesha lokuziqhelanisa kwezemidlalo, akunjalo, utsho uPick. "Oko kujongela phantsi ngokupheleleyo imigangatho yokusebenza yokhathalelo lwengqondo, ukugatya umsebenzi wesikolo wokuphatha abantwana ngokulingana, kwaye ayisebenzi ngokusebenzayo. Aba ngamantombazana; abafuni ukubekwa kumaqela amakhwenkwe. " (Idibeneyo: UNicole Maines kunye no-Isis King babelane ngeengcebiso zabo kubafazi abaselula beTransgender)

I-Cisgender Allies ingayibonisa njani inkxaso yabo

Iqala ngobuncinane obungenanto: Ukuhlonipha abantu abadlulayo, ukubabiza ngamagama abo achanekileyo, nokusebenzisa izimelabizo zabo. Nangona kuvakala kuncinci, oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwimpilo yengqondo yabantu abadlulayo. Ukwamkela umntu omdala omnye kubomi bolutsha lwe-LGBTQ kunokunciphisa iinzame zokuzibulala ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-40, utshilo uPick.

Okwesibini, "ungazivumeli ukuba ubanjiswe kulwazi olungeyonyani phaya," utshilo uPick. "Kukho iinzame ezidibeneyo [ezivela kumaqela alondolozayo] ukwenza idemon abantwana abafuna nje ukuba ngabantwana." Ke qiniseka ukuba ufumana ulwazi lwakho kuphando-luxhaswe, idatha-eqinisekisiweyo, imithombo equkayo efana nabo, iNewNowNext, iAutostraddle, GLAAD, kunye neProjekthi yeTrevor. Oku kuya kubaluleka ngokukodwa kweli hlobo xa umphakamisi wobunzima waseNew Zealand uLaurel Hubbard eza kukhuphisana njengomdlali wokuqala otshintshe isini kwi-Olimpiki. (ICYWW: Ewe, uhlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zemigaqo kunye nezikhokelo zeKomiti yeOlimpiki yeHlabathi kunye nezikhokelo zeembaleki ezihambayo).

Ngokumalunga nendlela yokulwa ngokuchasene nala matyala e-transphobic? Uninzi lwale mithetho lwenziwa egameni labasetyhini kunye namantombazana, uyachaza uPick. "Ke eli lixesha apho ndibiza abafazi kunye neentombi zam kwaye ndithi 'Akukho egameni lethu.' "Biza amalungu owiso-mthetho asekuhlaleni, uthumele uluvo lwakho kumajelo asekuhlaleni, uxhase amaqela ezemidlalo asekuhlaleni, khwaza ngenkxaso yakho kwi-transgender. ulutsha, utsho.

Ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukunceda abafazi kunye namantombazana kwimidlalo, isisombululo hayi ukugcina amantombazana angama-transgender angafikeleli kuwo. Kodwa endaweni yokuqinisekisa ukuba amantombazana e-transgender anokufikelela ngokulinganayo kunye namathuba kuyo yonke imidlalo."Singayikhusela kwaye siyixabise imidlalo yabasetyhini kunye neyamantombazana ngaxeshanye nokuhlonipha ubuni besini se-transgender kunye nolutsha olungafakwanga nto," utshilo uPick "Lo ayingomdlalo we-zero-sum."

Uphengululo lwe