Unyango lwezifo zeCoronavirus (COVID-19)

Umxholo

• Loluphi uhlobo lonyango olufumanekayo kwinoveli coronavirus?
• Yintoni eyenziwayo ukufumana unyango olusebenzayo?
• Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona
• IChloroquine
• I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir
• UPAW01
• Favilavir
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-COVID-19?
• Ufuna nini unyango?
• Ungaluthintela njani usulelo kwi-coronavirus
• Umgca wezantsi

Eli nqaku lahlaziywa ngo-Epreli 29, 2020 ukubandakanya ulwazi olongezelelweyo ngeempawu.

I-COVID-19 sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-coronavirus entsha efunyenwe emva kokuqhambuka eWuhan, China, ngoDisemba 2019.

Ukusukela oko kuqhambuke okokuqala, le coronavirus, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-SARS-CoV-2, isasazeke kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Inembopheleleko yezigidi zosulelo kwihlabathi liphela, ibangela ukufa kwamakhulu amawaka. I-United States lelona lizwe lichaphazelekayo.

Okwangoku, akukho sitofu sokulwa nenoveli coronavirus. Abaphandi ngoku basebenza ekwenzeni isitofu sokugonya ngokukodwa le ntsholongwane, kunye nonyango olunokubakho lwe-COVID-19.

Hlala unolwazi ngohlaziyo lwethu ngoku malunga nokuqhambuka kwe-COVID-19 yangoku.

Ndwendwela indawo yethu yecoronavirus ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokulungiselela, iingcebiso kuthintelo nonyango, kunye neengcebiso ngeengcali.

Esi sifo sinokubangela iimpawu kubantu abadala nakwabo baneemeko zempilo ezingaphantsi. Uninzi lwabantu oluphuhlisa iimpawu ze-COVID-19 yamava:

• ifiva
• ukukhohlela
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudinwa

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukugodola, kunye nokuba ungangcangcazeliswa kaninzi
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukuphulukana nokungcamla okanye ivumba
• umqala obuhkungu
• iintlungu zemisipha

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokhetho lwangoku lwe-COVID-19, zeziphi iintlobo zonyango oluqwalaselwayo, kwaye kufuneka wenze ntoni xa uvelisa iimpawu.

Loluphi uhlobo lonyango olufumanekayo kwinoveli coronavirus?

Okwangoku akukho sitofu sokulwa i-COVID-19. I-antibiotics nayo ayisebenzi ngenxa yokuba i-COVID-19 yintsholongwane yentsholongwane kwaye ayiyiyo ibhaktheriya.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kakhulu, unyango oluxhasayo lunokunikezelwa ngugqirha wakho okanye esibhedlele. Olu hlobo lonyango lunokubandakanya:

• ulwelo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane
• oksijini eyongezelelweyo kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu

Abantu abanobunzima bokuphefumla bebodwa ngenxa ye-COVID-19 banokufuna isixhobo sokuphefumla.

Yintoni eyenziwayo ukufumana unyango olusebenzayo?

ICDC ukuba bonke abantu banxibe iimaski zobuso zelaphu kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke apho kunzima ukugcina umgama weenyawo ezi-6 ukusuka kwabanye. Oku kuyakunceda ukucothisa ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane kubantu abangenazo iimpawu okanye abantu abangaziyo ukuba bayifumene intsholongwane. Imaski yobuso belaphu kufuneka inxitywe ngelixa uqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa nomzimba. Imiyalelo yokwenza iimaski ekhaya inokufunyanwa .
Phawula: Kubalulekile ukugcina iimaski zotyando kunye nokuphefumla kwe-N95 kubasebenzi bezempilo.

Izitofu zokugonya kunye nokhetho lwe-COVID-19 zisaphandwa kwihlabathi liphela. Kukho ubungqina bokuba amayeza athile anokubanakho ukusebenza ngokubhekisele ekuthinteleni ukugula okanye ukunyanga iimpawu ze-COVID-19.

Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi kufuneka benze ebantwini ngaphambi kokuba izitofu ezinokubakho kunye nolunye unyango lube khona. Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu.

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisaphandwayo ukukhusela i-SARS-CoV-2 kunye nonyango lweempawu ze-COVID-19.

Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona

I-Remdesivir sisiyobisi esilinganayo esibanzi esibonakalayo esilwa ne-Ebola.

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba i-remdesivir isebenza kakhulu ekulweni i-inoveli coronavirus in.

Olu nyango alukamkelwa ebantwini, kodwa zimbini iimvavanyo zeklinikhi zeli chiza ziye zaphunyezwa e-China. Uvavanyo olunye lwezonyango lusandula ukwamkelwa yi-FDA e-United States.

IChloroquine

I-Chloroquine sisiyobisi esisetyenziselwa ukulwa isifo seengcongconi kunye nezifo ezithi zizivelele. Sele isetyenziselwa ngaphezulu kwaye ithathwa njengekhuselekileyo.

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba eli chiza liyasebenza ekulweni intsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2 kwizifundo ezenziwe kwimibhobho yovavanyo.

Ubuncinci okwangoku bajonge ekusetyenzisweni okunokubakho kwe-chloroquine njengenketho yokulwa inoveli coronavirus.

I-Lopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir

ILopinavir kunye ne-ritonavir zithengiswa phantsi kwegama le-Kaletra kwaye ziyilelwe ukunyanga i-HIV.

EMzantsi Korea, indoda eneminyaka engama-54 yanikwa indibaniselwano yezi ziyobisi zimbini kwaye yayinamanqanaba ayo e-coronavirus.

Ngokwe-World Health Organisation (WHO), kunokubakho izibonelelo zokusebenzisa i-Kaletra ngokudibeneyo namanye amachiza.

UPAW01

Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lusetelwe ukuqala kungekudala e-China ukuvavanya ukubakho kwesiyobisi ekuthiwa yi-APN01 ukulwa ne-coronavirus yenoveli.

Izazinzulu ezathi zaqala ukuvelisa i-APN01 kwii-2000s zakudala zafumanisa ukuba iproteni ethile ebizwa ngokuba yi-ACE2 iyabandakanyeka kusulelo lweSARS. Le protein ikwanceda ukukhusela imiphunga ekonzakaleni ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokuphefumla.

Ukusuka kuphando lwamva nje, kuye kwavela ukuba i-2019 coronavirus, njenge-SARS, ikwasebenzisa iprotein ye-ACE2 ukosulela iiseli ebantwini.

Uvavanyo olungenamsebenzi, olunengalo ezimbini luya kujonga isiphumo samayeza kwizigulana ezingama-24 kwiveki e-1. Isiqingatha sabathathi-nxaxheba kulingo baya kufumana ichiza le-APN01, kwaye esinye isiqingatha siya kunikwa i-placebo. Ukuba iziphumo ziyakhuthaza, kuya kwenziwa ulingo olukhulu lweklinikhi.

Favilavir

I-China ivumile ukusetyenziswa kwe-antiviral drug favilavir ukunyanga iimpawu ze-COVID-19. Iyeza laqala ukuphathwa ukunyanga ukudumba empumlweni nasemqaleni.

Nangona iziphumo zophando zingakhange zikhutshwe okwangoku, iyeza ekucingelwa ukuba libonakalisile ukuba liyasebenza ekunyangeni iimpawu ze-COVID-19 kuvavanyo lwezonyango lwabantu abangama-70.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-COVID-19?

Asinguye wonke umntu onosulelo lwe-SARS-CoV-2 oya kuziva egula. Abanye abantu banokufumana intsholongwane kwaye bangazivelisi iimpawu. Xa kukho iimpawu, zihlala ziphakathi kwaye zihlala zithe chu.

I-COVID-19 ibonakala ibangela iimpawu ezinzima kubantu abadala kunye nabantu abaneemeko zempilo, ezinje ngentliziyo engapheliyo okanye iimeko zemiphunga.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-COVID-19, landela le protocol:

1. Khangela ukuba ugula kangakanani. Zibuze ukuba kwenzeka njani ukuba udibane ne-coronavirus. Ukuba uhlala kwingingqi ethe yaqhambuka, okanye ukuba usandula ukuhambela phesheya, unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba sesichengeni.
2. Biza ugqirha wakho. Ukuba unempawu ezincinci, biza ugqirha wakho. Ukunciphisa ukosuleleka kwintsholongwane, iiklinikhi ezininzi zikhuthaza abantu ukuba batsalele umnxeba okanye basebenzise incoko ephilayo endaweni yokuza ekliniki. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya iimpawu zakho kwaye asebenze nabasemagunyeni bezempilo basekuhlaleni kunye namaZiko oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC) ukumisela ukuba ufuna ukuvavanywa.
3. Hlala ekhaya. Ukuba unempawu ze-COVID-19 okanye olunye uhlobo losulelo lwentsholongwane, hlala ekhaya ufumane ukuphumla okuninzi. Qiniseka ukuba uhlala kude nabanye abantu kwaye thintela ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana nokusela iiglasi, izixhobo, iibhodi yezitshixo kunye neefowuni.

Ufuna nini unyango?

Malunga nabantu bayachacha kwi-COVID-19 ngaphandle kokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele okanye unyango olukhethekileyo.

Ukuba umncinci kwaye usempilweni uneempawu zobumnene kuphela, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba uzahlule ekhaya kwaye unciphise unxibelelwano nabanye kwikhaya lakho. Uya kucetyiswa ukuba uphumle, uhlale unamanzi amaninzi, kwaye ujonge ngononophelo iimpawu zakho.

Ukuba sele umdala, unayo nayiphi na imeko yempilo, okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka, qiniseka ukunxibelelana nogqirha wakho nje ukuba uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu. Ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ngeyona ndlela ingcono yokwenza.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba zimbi ngakumbi ngononophelo lwasekhaya, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango kwangoko. Tsalela isibhedlele sakho, iklinikhi, okanye ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo ubazise ukuba uza kungena ngaphakathi, kwaye unxibe imaski yobuso wakube uphumile ekhayeni lakho. Ungatsalela umnxeba ku-911 ngoncedo lwangoko lwangoko.

Ungaluthintela njani usulelo kwi-coronavirus

Inoveli coronavirus ikakhulu idluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Okwangoku, eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukosuleleka kukuphepha ukuba phakathi kwabantu abachanabeke kwintsholongwane.

Ukongeza, ngokuka, ungathatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo:

• Hlamba izandla zakho ngokucokisekileyo ngesepha namanzi imizuzwana engama-20 ubuncinci.
• Sebenzisa isihlambi sezandla ubuncinci iipesenti ezingama-60 zotywala ukuba isepha ayifumaneki.
• Kuphephe ukubamba ubuso bakho Ngaphandle kokuba usandula ukuhlamba izandla.
• Hlala kude nabantu Okhohlela nokuthimla. I-CDC icebisa ukuba ume ubuncinci iinyawo ezintandathu kude kuye nakubani na obonakala ngathi uyagula.
• Ziphephe iindawo ezixineneyo ngokukhawuleza ngokungxamisekile.

Abantu abadala abadala basemngciphekweni omkhulu wosulelo kwaye banokufuna ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuthintela ukudibana nentsholongwane.

Umgca wezantsi

Okwangoku ngeli xesha, akukho sitofu sokukukhusela kwinoveli coronavirus, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-SARS-CoV-2. Akukho lunyango lukhethekileyo luvunyiweyo lokunyanga iimpawu ze-COVID-19.

Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi kwihlabathi liphela basebenza nzima ukuphuhlisa izitofu ezinokubakho kunye nonyango.

Kukho ubungqina obuvelayo bokuba amanye amayeza anokubanakho ukunyanga iimpawu ze-COVID-19. Uvavanyo olukhulu kakhulu luyafuneka ukumisela ukuba ngaba olu nyango lukhuselekile. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwala machiza lunokuthatha iinyanga ezininzi.