I-Cryptosporidiosis: Into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Oonobangela be-cryptosporidiosis
• Iimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis
• Imiba yomngcipheko we-cryptosporidiosis
• I-cryptosporidiosis ifunyaniswa njani
• Ungayinyanga njani i-cryptosporidiosis
• Ukuthintela usulelo
• Umgca wezantsi

Yintoni i-cryptosporidiosis?

I-Cryptosporidiosis (ehlala ibizwa ngokuba yi-Crypto ngokufutshane) sisifo esisulelayo esisifo samathumbu. Iziphumo zokuvezwa Iicryptosporidium izifunxi-gazi ezihlala emathunjini abantu kunye nezinye izilwanyana kwaye zichithelwa esitulweni.

Ngokuka, i-Crypto ichaphazela abantu abayi-750,000 ngonyaka. Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa kungekho ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, urhudo olunamanzi, isicaphucaphu, kunye neekram zesisu eziza nosulelo zinokuhlala abanye abantu.

Kubantwana abancinci okanye kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, usulelo lunokuba yingozi ngakumbi.

Iingxelo zokuba i-Crypto ifunyanwa kuwo onke amazwe eli kwaye nakwihlabathi liphela.

Oonobangela be-cryptosporidiosis

Umntu unokukhulisa i-Crypto emva kokudibana nelindle elingcolileyo. Olu bhengezo luhlala lusenzeka ngokuginya amanzi okudada. Naphi na apho abantu bahlangana khona emanzini - iiphuli zokubhukuda, iipaki zamanzi, iibhafu ezishushu, amachibi, kunye nolwandle- zinokuqulatha Iicryptosporidium. Olunye usulelo olubi kakhulu lunokungenelwa kwezi meko.

Ngokutsho kweSiseko seSizwe seZifo eziSulelayo, Iicryptosporidium iintsholongwane zingunobangela ophambili wezifo ezibangelwa ngamanzi kweli lizwe. Abantwana abancinci abadla ngokutshiza kunye nokudlala emanzini bayachaphazeleka kusulelo, oluphakama kakhulu kwixesha lokuqubha lasehlotyeni nasekwindla.

Iingxelo zokuba izigidi ze Iicryptosporidium izifunxi-gazi zinokuchithwa ngokuhamba kwamathumbu omntu omnye osulelekileyo, zisenza ukuba i-Crypto yosuleleke kakhulu. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-parasite ijikelezwe ngeqokobhe langaphandle, iyamelana ne-chlorine kunye nezinye i-disinfectants. Isidleleleli sinokuphila iintsuku, nkqu nasemachibini acocwe ngokufanelekileyo ngemichiza.

Iintsholongwane ze-Crypto zinokusasazeka ngokudibana ngesandla. Zifumaneka nakweyiphi na indawo engcoliswe lilindle elosulelekileyo. Ngenxa yoku, usulelo lunokudluliselwa ngo:

• ukudlala ngeethoyi ezingcolileyo
• ukuchukumisa indawo yokuhlambela ngaphandle kokuzihlamba kakuhle izandla
• ukuphatha izilwanyana
• ukulala ngesondo
• ukusela amanzi anganyangekiyo
• ukuchukumisa amanabukeni amdaka
• ukuphatha imveliso engahlanjwanga ekhuliswe kumhlaba ongcolileyo

Iimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis

Iimpawu zokuxela zeCrypto zibandakanya:

• urhudo rhoqo kunye namanzi
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• isisu esiswini
• ifiva

Iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwiveki yokuvezwa kwaye zinokuhlala iiveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, kwisifundo esinye esipapashwe kwi-BMC yezeMpilo yoLuntu, Abanye abantu baneempawu eziqhubekekayo kwiinyanga ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-36.

Ngeempawu zexesha elide, umntu usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhla komzimba, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni nokungondleki. Oku kunokuba sisongelo kubomi kwiintsana ezincinci kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, njengaleyo ine-HIV okanye abo bafumana unyango ngamayeza e-chemotherapy. Kukho izifo ezosulelayo ezinokuba neempawu ezifanayo okanye ezahlukeneyo.

Imiba yomngcipheko we-cryptosporidiosis

Nabani na odibana nelindle elingcolileyo ubeka emngciphekweni wokufumana i-Crypto. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 bahlala begula kukosuleleka kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba baginye amanzi okudada.

Abanye abasemngciphekweni omkhulu we-Crypto babandakanya:

• abasebenzi bokhathalelo lwabantwana
• abazali babantwana abasulelekileyo
• Abaphathi bezilwanyana
• abantu abachaphazeleka kumanzi okusela anganyangekiyo, anjengabahambi kumazwe angaphuhliswanga kunye neenkampu okanye abakhenkethi abanokusela kwimilambo

I-cryptosporidiosis ifunyaniswa njani

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela i-Crypto, baya kuthumela isampuli yesitulo sakho kwilebhu yovavanyo. Iisampulu ezininzi kunokufuneka zijongwe kuba Iicryptosporidium izinto ezincinci kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuzibona phantsi kwemicroscope. Oku kunokwenza ukuba usulelo lube nzima ukulufumanisa. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza iisampulu zamathambo emathunjini akho.

Ungayinyanga njani i-cryptosporidiosis

Umntu one-Crypto kufuneka andise ukutya okune-fluid ukuze alwe neziphumo zokuphelelwa ngamandla kwesisu esihambisayo. Ukuba ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kuyaqhubeka okanye kuya kusiba kubi ngakumbi, umntu angalaliswa esibhedlele kwaye anikwe ulwelo olufakwa ngaphakathi.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-nitazoxanide yeziyobisi ye-antidiarrheal, kodwa isebenza kuphela kubantu abanamajoni omzimba asempilweni. Abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, njengalawo ane-HIV, banokunikwa iziyobisi zokunyusa amajoni omzimba njengendlela yokulwa nosulelo.

Ukuthintela usulelo

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukusulelwa yi-Crypto kunye negalelo ekusasazeni kwayo kukuziqhelanisa. Fundisa abantwana imikhwa emihle yococeko besebancinci.

I-CDC icebisa ukuba uhlambe izandla zakho ngesepha kunye namanzi ubuncinci imizuzwana engama-20 kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukutshintsha ilweyile, okanye ukunceda abanye basebenzise igumbi lokuhlambela
• ngaphambi kokutya okanye ukupheka
• emva kokuphatha isilwanyana
• emva kwegadi, nokuba usebenzise iigloves
• xa ukhathalela umntu onorhudo

I-CDC ikwacebisa ezi ngcebiso zokuthintela usulelo lwe-Crypto:

• Hlala ekhaya okanye ugcine abantwana abancinci ekhaya xa wena okanye umntu onesifo sohudo.
• Musa ukusela amanzi angacocwanga.
• Shower ngaphambi kokusebenzisa indawo yokuqubha yolonwabo ukuhlamba nayiphi na into enokubakho Iicryptosporidium izinto emzimbeni wakho.
• Musa ukuginya amanzi echibini.
• Hlamba yonke imveliso ngaphambi kokuyitya. Ukuxovula izikhumba kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko.
• Thatha abantwana abancinci echibini baye kwigumbi lokuhlambela rhoqo.
• Guqula amanabukeni abantwana rhoqo.
• Hlala kude namanzi ukuba wena okanye abantwana bakho ninotyatyazo. Phuma emanzini iiveki ezimbini ezipheleleyo emva kokuba urhudo luyekile.

Umgca wezantsi

I-Crypto lusulelo oluqhelekileyo lwamathumbu emathunjini, ngakumbi ehlotyeni xa abantu abaninzi bonwabela amachibi, iipaki zamanzi kunye nezinye izinto zokubhukuda.

Uninzi lwabantu abanamajoni omzimba asempilweni banokuchacha kwi-Crypto ngaphandle kwengxaki, kodwa kwabanye, usulelo kunye neempawu zalo ziyanyibilika kwaye ziyancipha. Ukanti kwabanye, kunokubulala.

Ezona ndlela zimbini zokuthintela ukusasazeka nokusasazeka kwesi sifo sisulelayo kukuhlamba izandla nokuthintela iindawo zamanzi zokuzonwabisa xa wena okanye abantwana bakho ninotyatyazo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unokuba ne-Crypto, jonga umboneleli wezempilo. Unyango kunye noncedo lokulahleka kolwelo kunokuba yimfuneko.