Yintoni iCytopenia?

Umxholo

• Iindidi
• Ngokuzenzekelayo icytopenia
• I-cytopenia enqabileyo
• Iimpawu
• Yintoni ebangela icytopenia?
• Iimeko ezihambelanayo
• Uxilongo
• Unyango
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

I-Cytopenia yenzeka xa enye okanye ezininzi zeentlobo zeeseli zegazi ziphantsi kunokuba kufanelekile.

Igazi lakho lineenxalenye ezintathu. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-erythrocyte, zithwala ioksijini kunye nezakhamzimba ezijikeleze umzimba wakho. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye ii-leukocyte, zilwa nosulelo kwaye zilwa neentsholongwane ezingenampilo. Iiplatelets zibalulekile ekunqandeni. Ukuba naziphi na kwezi zinto zingaphantsi kwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo, unokuba ne-cytopenia.

Iindidi

Zininzi iintlobo zecytopenia ezikhoyo. Uhlobo ngalunye luxhomekeke kweliphi icala legazi lakho elisezantsi okanye elinciphileyo.

• I-anemia yenzeka xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziphantsi.
• Ileukopenia kwinqanaba eliphantsi leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• I-Thrombocytopenia kukusilela kweeplatelets.
• Pancytopenia kukusilela kwazo zontathu iinxalenye zegazi.

Izizathu ezinokubangela i-cytopenia zintsokothile kwaye zahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwezi zizathu kukutshatyalaliswa kwemida, ukusuleleka kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango. Iindidi ezimbini ze-cytopenia ezinxulumene nesizathu esisisiseko senani eliphantsi leeseli zegazi zii-cytopenia ezizimeleyo kunye necytopenia ekhanyayo.

Ngokuzenzekelayo icytopenia

Ngokuzenzekelayo icytopenia ibangelwa sisifo esizimele. Umzimba wakho uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezilwa neeseli eziphilileyo zegazi, uzitshabalalise kwaye uthintele ekubeni ube nokubala okwaneleyo kweeseli zegazi.

I-cytopenia enqabileyo

I-cytopenia enqabileyo yenzeka xa umongo wethambo lakho ungazivelisi iiseli zegazi esele zikhulile. Oku kunokuba sisiphumo seqela lomhlaza, njengeleukemia okanye omnye umongo wethambo. Iindidi ezininzi ze-cytopenia enqabileyo zikhona. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, zichazwe ngendlela igazi kunye nomongo wethambo ojongeka ngayo phantsi kwemicroscope.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu zecytopenia zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwesimo onaso. Banokuxhomekeka kwingxaki okanye imeko ebangela ukubalwa kweeseli eziphantsi kwegazi.

Iimpawu ze-anemia zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Uxinzelelo olungalunganga
• isiyezi okanye uziva unentloko elula
• izandla neenyawo ezibandayo

Iimpawu leukopenia ziquka:

• usulelo rhoqo
• ifiva

Iimpawu ze-thrombocytopenia zibandakanya:

• ukopha nokugruzuka ngokulula
• ubunzima bokuyeka ukopha
• ukopha ngaphakathi

I-cytopenia enqabileyo inokubangela iimpawu ezimbalwa kumanqanaba okuqala. Njengoko ukubala kweeseli zegazi, iimpawu ezinjengokuphefumla okufutshane, usulelo rhoqo, ukudinwa, kunye nokuphuma kwegazi ngokulula okanye ngokukhululekileyo kunokwenzeka. Kwimeko ye-cytopenia ye-refractory, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubalwa kweeseli eziphantsi kwegazi kuya kukhokelela koogqirha kwingxaki ebangela umhlaza okanye i-leukemia.

I-Cytopenia ebangelwa kukuphendula okuzenzekelayo kunokwenzeka ngezinye iimpawu zenkqubo ezilingisa ezinye iintlobo ze-cytopenia. Ezi mpawu zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• usulelo rhoqo
• ifiva
• ukopha nokugruzuka ngokulula

Yintoni ebangela icytopenia?

Ukuba ufumana ukubala kweeseli eziphantsi ngokungaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga unobangela wokuchaza amanani. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-cytopenia lunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo nezizodwa.

Izizathu zokungabikho kwegazi zibandakanya:

• amanqanaba esinyithi asezantsi
• ukopha rhoqo
• ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ngelixa zijikeleza emzimbeni wakho
• ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu ngokungaqhelekanga kumongo wethambo

Izizathu leukopenia ziquka:

• usulelo olungapheliyo, njenge-HIV okanye i-hepatitis
• umhlaza
• isifo somzimba
• unyango lomhlaza, kubandakanya i-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy

Izinto ezibangela thrombocytopenia ziquka:

• umhlaza
• isifo sesibindi esinganyangekiyo
• unyango lomhlaza, kubandakanya i-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy
• amayeza

Abanye abantu abane-cytopenia, oogqirha abakwazi ukufumana unobangela. Ngapha koko, oogqirha abanako ukufumana unobangela malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-pancytopenia. Xa unobangela engaziwa, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cytopenia ye-idiopathic.

Iimeko ezihambelanayo

Njengoko ubona kuludwe lwezinto ezinokubangela, icytopenia ihlala inxulunyaniswa nomhlaza kunye neleukemia. Kungenxa yokuba zombini ezi zifo zitshabalalisa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni emzimbeni wakho. Banokutshabalalisa umongo wethambo lakho. Ukwenziwa kunye nokukhula kweeseli zegazi kwenzeka kumongo wethambo lakho. Nawuphi na umonakalo kwesi sihlunu sesiponji ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho unokuchaphazela iiseli zakho zegazi kunye nempilo yegazi lakho.

Ezinye iimeko ezinxulunyaniswa necytopenia zibandakanya:

• umhlaza, njenge-leukemia, i-myeloma okanye iHodgkin's okanye i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• isifo somongo
• ukusilela kakhulu kwe-B-12
• isifo sesibindi esinganyangekiyo
• isifo somzimba
• usulelo lwentsholongwane, kubandakanya i-HIV, i-hepatitis, kunye ne-malaria
• izifo zegazi ezitshabalalisa iiseli zegazi okanye ukuthintela ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi, ezinje nge-paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria kunye neaplastic anemia

Uxilongo

I-Cytopenia ifunyaniswa kuvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba ligazi elipheleleyo (CBC). I-CBC ibonisa iseli emhlophe yegazi, iseli ebomvu yegazi kunye nokubalwa kweplatelet. Ukuqhuba i-CBC, ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uza kutsala igazi alithumele kwilebhu yovavanyo. I-CBC luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokufumana icytopenia kwiziphumo ngaphandle kokukrokrela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba uneeseli ezisezantsi zegazi, i-CBC inokukuqinisekisa oko.

Ukuba iziphumo zibonisa amanani asezantsi alo naliphi na igazi, ugqirha unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuba zichaze unobangela okanye ujonge iinkcazo ezinokubakho. Umongo wethambo kunye nomnqweno womongo wethambo unokunika inkangeleko eneenkcukacha kumongo wethambo kunye nakwimveliso yeseli yegazi. Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa okanye ukukhupha izifo zomongo wethambo okanye imiba enokubangela ukubalwa kweeseli eziphantsi kwegazi.

Unyango

Unyango lwe-cytopenia luxhomekeke kwisizathu.

Kwi-cytopenia ebangelwa ngumhlaza okanye i-leukemia, unyango lwezi zifo lunokunyanga iiseli eziphantsi zegazi. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezigulana ezinyangelwa esinye sezi zifo sinokufumana ukubalwa kweeseli zegazi ngenxa yonyango.

I-Corticosteroids ihlala inyango lokuqala lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cytopenia. Izigulana ezininzi zisabela kakuhle kunyango. Nangona kunjalo, abanye banokubuyela umva okanye bangaphenduli konke konke. Kwimeko apho, ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinamandla zinokusetyenziswa. Oku kubandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-immunosuppressive
• ukufakelwa umongo wethambo
• utofelo-gazi
• wmziba

Imbonakalo

Nje ukuba bafunyaniswe, abantu abaninzi baya kuba nakho ukunyanga i-cytopenia kwaye babuyisele ukubalwa kweseli yegazi esempilweni. Abantu abane-anemia, umzekelo, banakho ukukhulisa ukutya kwabo ngentsimbi kukutya okufana nenyama ebomvu, iqokobhe, kunye nemidumba. Oko kunokubuyisela ukubala kweeseli ebomvu, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokujonga ngokuthe rhoqo ukubala kwegazi ukukunceda ugcine amanqanaba asempilweni.

Ezinye zezizathu zecytopenia, nangona kunjalo, zifuna unyango olude kunye olunzulu. Oonobangela babandakanya umhlaza kunye neleukemia, unyango lwezi meko, kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzulu ezinje ngesifo somongo wethambo kunye neaplastic anemia. Kubantu abafunyaniswe benonobangela abanzulu, imbonakalo ihlala ixhomekeke kubukrakra bemeko kunye nendlela unyango oluyimpumelelo ngayo.