Ngaba i-HIV ibangela urhudo?

Umxholo

• Izinto ezibangela urhudo kwi-HIV
• Usulelo lwamathumbu
• Ukwanda kwebacteria
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• Izinketho zonyango
• Ukufuna uncedo kule mpawu
• Ihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ingxaki eqhelekileyo

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo iyabeka esichengeni inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye inokubangela usulelo olungenelelayo olubangela iimpawu ezininzi. Kuyenzeka ukuba uphinde ube neempawu ezahlukeneyo xa usasazeka intsholongwane. Ezinye zezi mpawu, ezinje ngesifo sorhudo, zisenokubakho ngenxa yonyango.

Urhudo yenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ze-HIV. Kungaba nzima okanye kube mnene, kubangele izitulo ezivulekileyo ngamanye amaxesha. Isenokuba yinto eqhubekayo (engapheliyo). Kulabo baphila ne-HIV, ukuchonga unobangela wohudo kunokunceda ekufumaneni unyango olululo kulawulo lwexesha elide kunye nomgangatho wobomi obungcono.

Izinto ezibangela urhudo kwi-HIV

Urhudo kwi-HIV lubangelwa zizinto ezininzi. Isenokuba luphawu lwakwangoko lwe-HIV, ekwabizwa ngokuba sisifo esibi se-HIV. Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, i-HIV ivelisa iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, kubandakanya urhudo, kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbini zosulelo. Banokuqhubeka iiveki ezimbalwa. Ezinye iimpawu zentsholongwane kaGawulayo zibandakanya:

• umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda
• isicaphucaphu
• ukubila ebusuku
• iintlungu zemisipha okanye iintlungu ezidibeneyo
• intloko ebuhlungu
• umqala obuhkungu
• irhashalala
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu

Nangona ezi zimpawu zifana nezo zomkhuhlane wexesha lonyaka, umahluko kukuba umntu usenokuba nakho nokuba sele ethathe amayeza omkhuhlane.

Urhudo olunganyangekiyo luyingozi ngakumbi. Ingakhokelela ekuphelisweni kwamanzi emzimbeni okanye ezinye iingxaki ezisongela ubomi.

Ukuqala kokuhanjiswa kwale ntsholongwane ayinguye kuphela unobangela wohudo one-HIV. Kukwayimpembelelo yecala eliqhelekileyo lamayeza e-HIV. Kunye nesifo sorhudo, la mayeza anokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nesicaphucaphu okanye iintlungu esiswini.

Amayeza e-antiretroviral athatha umngcipheko wotyatyazo, kodwa ezinye iindidi zee-antiretrovirals zinokubangela urhudo.

Iklasi elinelona thuba likhulu lokubangela urhudo yi-protease inhibitor. Urhudo luhlala lunxulunyaniswa ne-protease inhibitors endala, njenge-lopinavir / ritonavir (Kaletra) kunye ne-fosamprenavir (Lexiva), kunezintsha, njenge-darunavir (Prezista) kunye ne-atazanavir (Reyataz).

Nabani na othabatha i-antiretroviral ofumana isifo sohudo kufuneka axhumane nomboneleli wabo wezempilo.

Iingxaki zesisu (GI) ziqhelekile kubantu abane-HIV. Urhudo lolona phawu luqhelekileyo lwe-GI, ngokweYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco (UCSF) kwiZiko lezoNyango. Imicimbi ye-GI enxulumene ne-HIV enokukhokelela kurhudo ibandakanya:

Usulelo lwamathumbu

Ezinye izifo zizodwa kwi-HIV, njengaye Mycobacteriumavium ubunzima (MAC). Abanye, abanjengo Iicryptosporidium, kubangela urhudo olulinganiselweyo kubantu abangenayo i-HIV, kodwa kunokuba sisifo esinganyangekiyo kubantu abane-HIV. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, urhudo oluvela kwi-HIV lwalunokubangelwa lolu hlobo losulelo. Kodwa urhudo olungabangelwa lusulelo lwamathumbu sele luxhaphake.

Ukwanda kwebacteria

Ukwanda kwamathumbu amancinci emathumbu kunokwenzeka kubantu abane-HIV. Iingxaki zesisu zingenza ukuba umntu one-HIV abe nethuba lokugqithisa kwintsholongwane. Oku kunokukhokelela kurhudo kunye neminye imiba yokwetyisa.

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo

INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO ​​ngokwayo inokuba yintsholongwane ebangela urhudo. Ngokuka, umntu one-HIV onesifo sorhudo ngaphezulu kwenyanga ufunyaniswa ukuba une-HIV enteropathy xa kungekho sizathu simbi sifunyenweyo.

Izinketho zonyango

Ukuba isifo sorhudo siyingxaki eqhubekayo ngelixa uthatha amachiza okuthomalalisa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, umboneleli wezempilo unokumisela uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza. Sukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza e-HIV ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngumboneleli wezempilo. Yiyeke imishanguzo ye-HIV, kwaye intsholongwane ingaqala ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni. Ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza kunokukhokelela kwiikopi zentsholongwane eziguqulweyo, ezinokuthi zikhokelele kunyango lwamayeza.

Oososayensi basebenze ukwenza amayeza ukunciphisa urhudo. ICrofelemer (eyayisaziwa ngokuba yiFulyzaq, kodwa ngoku eyaziwa ngegama eligama elithi Mytesi) lunyango lokunyanga isifo sorhudo olungosuleliyo. Ngo-2012, i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yamkela i-crofelemer ukunyanga isifo sorhudo esibangelwe ngamayeza alwa ne-HIV.

Urhudo lunokunyangwa ngamayeza asekhaya kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila enje:

• ukusela ulwelo olucacileyo
• ukunqanda icaffeine
• ukuyeka ukutya iimveliso zobisi
• ukutya iigram ezingama-20 okanye ngaphezulu ifayibha enyibilikayo ngosuku
• ukunqanda ukutya okunamafutha, okunezipayisi

Ukuba ngaba kukho usulelo olusisiseko olwenza urhudo, umboneleli wezempilo uya kusebenza ukuze anyange. Ungaqali ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ukuze unqande urhudo ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wezempilo.

Ukufuna uncedo kule mpawu

Ukujongana nohudo olunxulumene ne-HIV kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye nentuthuzelo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba urhudo olunganyangekiyo lunokuba yingozi kwaye kufuneka lunyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Urhudo olunegazi, okanye urhudo olunomkhuhlane, uqinisekisa umnxeba okhawulezileyo kumboneleli wezempilo.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ixesha lokurhuda kumntu one-HIV lixhomekeke kwisizathu sakhe. Loo mntu unokufumana isifo sohudo njengenxalenye yesifo esosulelayo. Kwaye banokuqaphela iziqendu ezimbalwa emva kweeveki ezimbalwa.

Urhudo unokucoca emva kokutshintshela kumayeza ahlala engabangeli le mpembelelo yecala. Ukwenza utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokuphila okanye ukuthatha amayeza amiselweyo ukunyanga urhudo kunokubonelela ngesiqabu kwangoko.

Enye ingxaki enokuthi ichaphazele ixesha lokurhuda kukungondleki. Abantu abane-HIV engapheliyo abangondlekanga banokufumana urhudo olubi kakhulu. Lo mbandela uxhaphake kakhulu kumazwe asaphuhlayo apho ukungondleki kuyingxaki kubantu abane-HIV nabangenayo. Olunye uphando luqikelele ukuba kubo bonke abantu abane-HIV kwiindawo ezisaphuhlayo banesifo sohudo esinganyangekiyo. Umboneleli wezempilo unokuchonga ukuba ukungondleki ngumba na kwaye acebise utshintsho lokutya ukuze ulungise.