Yintoni i-dyscalculia, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Dyscalculia bubunzima ekufundeni imathematics, ethintela umntwana ekuqondeni ukubala okulula, njengokufaka okanye ukukhupha amaxabiso, kwanaxa kungekho enye ingxaki yokuqonda. Ke, olu tshintsho luhlala luthelekiswa nedyslexia, kodwa ngamanani.

Ngokwesiqhelo, abo banengxaki kule ngxaki banobunzima obukhulu ekuqondeni ukuba ngawaphi amanani aphezulu okanye asezantsi.

Nangona unobangela wayo othile ungekaziwa, i-dyscalculia ihlala inxulunyaniswa nezinye iingxaki zoxinzelelo kunye nokuqonda, ezinje ngokusilela kwengqwalaselo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye idyslexia, umzekelo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zokuqala zedyscalculia zivela kwiminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6, xa umntwana efunda amanani, kwaye zibandakanya:

• Kunzima ukubala, ngakumbi umva umva;
• Ukulibaziseka ekufundeni ukongeza amanani;
• Unzima ngokwazi ukuba leliphi inani elikhulu, xa uthelekisa amanani alula afana no-4 kunye no-6;
• Akakwazi ukwenza amacebo okubala, njengokubala kwiminwe yakhe, umzekelo;
• Ubunzima obugqithisileyo kubalo bunzima ngakumbi kunokongeza;
• Gwema ukwenza imisebenzi enokuthi ibandakanye izibalo.

Akukho luvavanyo lunye okanye uviwo olunokwazi ukufumanisa isifo se-dyscalculia, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wabantwana ekufuneka enze uvavanyo rhoqo kubuchule bokubala komntwana de kube kunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Xa kukho urhano lokuba umntwana unokuba ne-dyscalculia, kubalulekile ukuba wazise amalungu osapho kunye nootitshala ukuze bazi imiqondiso enokubakho yengxaki, ukongeza ekuvumeleni ixesha elininzi kunye nendawo yokuba benze imisebenzi ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa yamanani.

Kuba imathematics sesinye sezifundo esinceda kakhulu ekukhuleni kwengqondo, le ngxaki kufuneka ichongwe kwangoko, ukuqala unyango kwaye kuthintelwe ukungazithembi kunye nokungaqiniseki, umzekelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-dyscalculia kufuneka lwenziwe ngokudibeneyo ngabazali, usapho, abahlobo kunye nootitshala kwaye lubandakanya ukunceda umntwana ukuba aphuhlise iindlela ezibavumela ukuba bajikeleze ingxaki yabo.

Kule nto, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukufumanisa indawo apho umntwana alula khona, emva koko uzama ukubabandakanya ekufundeni kwamanani kunye nokubala. Umzekelo, ukuba kulula ukwenza imizobo, ungacela umntwana ukuba azobe iiorenji ezi-4 kunye neebhanana ezi-2, kwaye ekugqibeleni, zama ukubala ukuba zingaphi iziqhamo ezitsaliwe.

Ezinye izimvo ezinokuthi zisebenze njengesikhokelo kuyo yonke imisebenzi zezi:

• Sebenzisa izinto ukufundisa ukubala ukudibanisa okanye ukuthabatha;
• Qala kwinqanaba apho umntwana eziva ekhululekile kwaye uhambe kancinci uye kwiinkqubo ezinzima ngakumbi;
• Bekela bucala ixesha elaneleyo lokufundisa ukuzola kunye nokunceda umntwana ukuba aziqhelanise;
• Nciphisa isidingo sokukhumbula;
• Ukwenza ukufunda kube mnandi kwaye ngaphandle koxinzelelo.

Kukwabalulekile ukunqanda ukuchitha ixesha elininzi uchaza imisebenzi, nokuba usebenzisa indlela emnandi. Kungenxa yokuba ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ucinga ngento enye kunokushiya umntwana ekhathazekile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube nzima ukuyinkqaya kunye nayo yonke inkqubo yokufunda.