Yintoni iDysphagia, zintoni iimpawu kwaye unyango lwenziwa njani

Umxholo

• Iindidi zedysphagia kunye neempawu
• 1. Idysphagia yeOropharyngeal
• 2. I-Esophageal dysphagia
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Dysphagia inokuchazwa njengobunzima bokuginya, nto leyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-oropharyngeal dysphagia, okanye njengokuziva ubambekile phakathi komlomo nesisu, esidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-esophageal dysphagia.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uchonge uhlobo lwedysphagia ekhoyo, ukuze wenze olona nyango lufanelekileyo, kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, zombini iintlobo zedysphagia zinokubonakala ngaxeshanye.

Ngokubanzi, unyango lubandakanya ukwenza umthambo, ukufunda iindlela zokuginya, ukuhambisa amayeza kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, ukwenza utyando.

Iindidi zedysphagia kunye neempawu

Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-dysphagia:

1. Idysphagia yeOropharyngeal

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-dysphagia ephezulu ngenxa yendawo ekuyo, i-oropharyngeal dysphagia ibonakaliswa bubunzima ukuqala ukugwinya, ngeempawu ezinjengobunzima bokuginya, ukuphinda ubuye ngeempumlo, ukukhohlela okanye ukunciphisa ukuncipha kokukhohlela, ukuthetha ngeempumlo, ukukrwitsha kunye nokuphefumla kakubi.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kukho umngcipheko wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukungondleki kunye nokunqwenela amathe, ukufihla kunye / okanye ukutya emiphungeni.

2. I-Esophageal dysphagia

I-Esophageal dysphagia, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-dysphagia esezantsi, yenzeka kwi-esophagus esembindini kwaye ibonakaliswa kukuziva kokutya okuvaleleke kumqala. I-Dysphagia eyenzeka kunye nokufakwa kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo kunxulunyaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwe-esophageal motility, kwaye inokudityaniswa nentlungu yesifuba. IDysphagia eyenzeka kuphela kwizinto eziqinileyo, inokuba luphawu lokuphazamiseka koomatshini.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-Oropharyngeal dysphagia inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuvela kwesibetho, ukwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu, izifo ezonyukayo ezinje ngeParkinson kunye neAlzheimer, izifo ze-neuromuscular, ezinje nge-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myasthenia, multiple sclerosis, tumors yengqondo kunye ne-cerebral palsy, i-cavity yomlomo kunye ne-laryngeal tumors, amayeza, i-orotracheal intubation ende, i-tracheostomy kunye ne-radiotherapy, umzekelo.

Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zesifo sokuqaqanjelwa ngumzimba sisifo se-mucosal, kunye nokuncipha kwe-lumen esophageal ngenxa yokudumba, i-fibrosis okanye i-neoplasia, izifo zangaphakathi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesifo kunye nezifo ze-neuromuscular ezichaphazela ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, ukuphazamisa i-peristalsis kunye / okanye ukuphumla kwe-esophageal sphincter.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-oropharyngeal dysphagia lilinganiselwe, njengoko ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo-luvo eyivelisayo, akunakulungiswa ngonyango okanye ngonyango. Ngokubanzi, utshintsho ekutyeni lubonelelwa, ngokutya okuthambileyo, ulwelo olunamandla, kwizikhundla eziququzelela ukugwinya. Iindlela zonyango zinokwamkelwa ukunceda ukuginya, njengokuqinisa umthambo kunye nokukhuthaza ubushushu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufunxwa kwetyhubhu ye-nasogastric kungafuneka

Unyango lwe-esophageal dysphagia luxhomekeke kwingcambu, kodwa inokwenziwa ngokuthatha iziyobisi ezinqanda i-asidi, kubantu abane-gastroesophageal reflux, kunye ne-corticosteroids kwimeko ye-eosinophilic esophagitis kunye ne-relaxant yemisipha, kubantu abane-spasms ye-esophagus. Jonga ukuba ngawaphi amayeza abonisiweyo kunyango lwe-Reflux.

Ukongeza, unyango lungenziwa nangeenkqubo zonyango ezikhuthaza ukwanda komqala okanye ngoqhaqho, kwimeko zokuthintelwa ngamathumba okanye i-diverticula, umzekelo.