Ungazikhathalela Njani Xa Unononophelo Udinwe Kakhulu

Umxholo

• Yintoni umnakekeli?
• Izibalo zononophelo
• Yintoni ukukhathala kwabanonopheli?
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Ukudinwa ngokuchasene nokudakumba
• Yintoni ukudinwa yimfesane?
• Uthintelo
• Izixhobo kunye nenkxaso
• Umgca wezantsi

Yintoni umnakekeli?

Umntu okhathalelayo unceda omnye umntu ngeemfuno zakhe zonyango kunye nezakhe. Ngokungafaniyo nomsebenzi okhathalelayo wezempilo, umgcini unobuhlobo obubalulekileyo kunye nomntu osweleyo. Ngokwesiqhelo umntu okhathalelweyo ulilungu losapho okanye umhlobo onesifo esinganyangekiyo, onesiphene, okanye umntu omdala okhulileyo ongakwaziyo ukuzikhathalela.

Umgcini uncedisa kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, enje:

• ukulungisa ukutya
• imisebenzi ebalekayo
• ukuhlamba
• ukwenza imisebenzi yezonyango, njengokumisela ukutya ityhubhu kunye nokunika amayeza

Ukuba ngumongi womntu omaziyo nothanda kunokuba ngumvuzo omkhulu, kodwa kunokuba nzima kwaye kuyakhathaza. Ihlala ikhathaza ngokweemvakalelo, ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni. Ithanda ukunciphisa ubomi bakho ekuhlaleni kwaye inokubangela iingxaki zemali.

Ukudinwa okhathalelayo kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo kunye nomthwalo kwezi ziphumo zibi ziba nzima, zichaphazela kakubi ubomi bakho kunye nempilo.

Izibalo zononophelo

Ngokwe-National Alliance for Caregiving kunye ne-AARP Public Policy Institute, ngo-2015, abantu abamalunga ne-43.5 yezigidi zabantu abadala abangabhatalwanga. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-85 zazinakekela umntu ohlobene nabo, kwaye malunga nesiqingatha salaba babekhathalela umzali.

Ukudinwa ngumntu oqhelekileyo kumkhwa kuqhelekile. Kuphando lwe-National Alliance for Caregiving kunye ne-AARP Public Policy Institute, iipesenti ezingama-40 zabanyamekeli baziva bexinezelekile ngokwasemphefumlweni, phantse iipesenti ezingama-20 zathi zibangela iingxaki zemali, kwaye malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 baziva bexakekile.

Yintoni ukukhathala kwabanonopheli?

Umntu okhathalelayo otyhafileyo utyhafile kwaye udiniwe emzimbeni, emphefumlweni nasengqondweni ngenxa yoxinzelelo kunye nomthwalo wokukhathalela lowo umthandayo. Basenokuziva bebodwa, bengaxhaswa, okanye bengaxatyiswa.

Bahlala bengazinyamekeli kakuhle kwaye banokudandatheka. Ekugqibeleni, banokuphulukana nomdla wokukhathalela iziqu zabo kunye nomntu abamjongileyo.

Phantse wonke amava okhathalelo atyhafe ngaxa lithile. Ukuba iyenzeka kwaye ayiphendulwa, umntu okhathalelayo ekugqibeleni uye angabinako ukubonelela ngononophelo olufanelekileyo.

Ngesi sizathu, ukudinwa kukhathalelo kunokuba yingozi kumntu ofumana ukhathalelo kunye nakumongi. Isifundo esikhulu e-kwafumaniseka ukuba abanonopheli abaziva ngathi baphantsi koxinzelelo oluninzi banomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa kunabalondolozi abaziva bencinci okanye bengenalo kwaphela uxinzelelo.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu

Kukho imiqondiso elumkisayo ngaphambi kokuba udinwe. Ukubazi nokubukela kubo kukwazisa xa kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo ukulwa okanye ukuthintela uxinzelelo ohlangabezana nalo.

Iimpawu zokulumkisa ngokubanzi kunye neempawu zokudinwa kukhathalelo zibandakanya:

• ixhala
• ukuphepha abantu
• ukudakumba
• ukudinwa
• uziva uphulukana nolawulo lobomi bakho
• ukucaphuka
• ukunqongophala kwamandla
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwizinto othanda ukuzenza
• ukungahoyi iimfuno zakho kunye nempilo

Xa kusenzeka oko, umntu okhathalelayo adinwe abe neempawu ezibonakalayo kunye nezomzimba. Iimpawu zomzimba kunye neempawu zibandakanya:

• iintlungu zomzimba
• ukudinwa
• intloko rhoqo
• ukonyuka okanye ukuncipha kokutya okunokubangela utshintsho kubunzima
• ukuphuthelwa
• amajoni omzimba abuthathaka akhokelela kukosuleleka rhoqo

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zovakalelo kulula ukuba zibonwe, kwaye unokungaziqapheli. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• ixhala
• ukuba nomsindo nokuphikisana
• ukucaphuka ngokulula kwaye rhoqo
• ukukhathazeka rhoqo
• ukudakumba
• ndiziva ndingenathemba
• ukungabi namonde
• ukungakwazi ukugxila
• ukuzahlula ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasemzimbeni
• ukungabikho komdla kwizinto ezazisoloko zikwenza wonwabe
• ukunqongophala kwenkuthazo

Ukuphuhlisa isimilo esibi, njengokulahla msinya umsindo okanye ukungahoyi imisebenzi yakho yokonga, ngomnye umqondiso wokudinwa.

Njengoko ukudinwa kuqhubeka kunye nokudakumba noxinzelelo lusanda, umntu okhathalelayo unokusebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi, ngakumbi izinto ezikhuthazayo, ukuzama ukunciphisa iimpawu. Oku kunokukhokelela kukhubazeko, olonyusa umngcipheko wokonzakala kumntu ofumana ukhathalelo. Inokuba yimeko enobungozi kakhulu, kwaye umgcini kufuneka ayeke ukubonelela ngononophelo de bangabi phantsi kwempembelelo yeziyobisi okanye utywala.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukudinwa okhathalelayo kunokuchongwa ngugqirha wakho okanye ngumboneleli ngempilo yengqondo. Kukho iimvavanyo zokuzivavanya onokuthi uzithathe ukuze ubone ukuba udiniwe.

Ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uxilongo ngokuthetha nawe malunga nento obukade uyenza kunye nendlela oziva ngayo. Bazofuna ukwazi ukuba uzikhathalele kangakanani kwaye ukuba uthabatha ikhefu elaneleyo kuxinzelelo loononophelo.

Banokukunika iphepha lemibuzo loxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo, kodwa akukho gazi okanye uvavanyo lwe-imaging lunceda ekwenzeni uxilongo. Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhathalela umntu omthandayo ukuze bakwazi ukujonga iimpawu zokudinwa.

Ukudinwa ngokuchasene nokudakumba

Ukudinwa nokudakumba ziyafana kodwa iimeko ezahlukileyo. Banempawu ezininzi ezifanayo, ezinje ngokudinwa, unxunguphalo, kunye nosizi, kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu nawo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Isizathu. Uxinzelelo kukuphazamiseka kwimood yakho okanye imeko yengqondo. Ukudinwa emsebenzini kukusabela koxinzelelo kuxinzelelo lwendalo.
• Uziva njani. Xa uxinezelekile, unokuziva ngathi ubomi buphulukene nolonwabo. Ngokudinwa, uziva ngathi onke amandla akho asetyenzisiwe.
• Iziphumo zokususa uxinzelelo. Ukuba ubaleka ukukhathalela kunye noxinzelelo okwethutyana ayiziphuculi iimpawu zakho, uxinzelelo kunokwenzeka. Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziphucula kunye nexesha, unokudinwa.
• Unyango. Uxinzelelo luhlala lubangcono ngamayeza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha unyango lwengqondo.Ukudinwa kudla ngokuba ngcono ngokubaleka kuxinzelelo lokwenza inkathalo kwaye ujonge impilo kunye neemfuno zakho.

Yintoni ukudinwa yimfesane?

Ngelixa ukudinwa kwenzeka ngexesha, njengoko umntu okhathalelayo eziva exakwe ngumthwalo wokukhathalela umntu omthandayo, ukudinwa kwenceba kwenzeka ngesiquphe. Kukulahleka kokubanakho ukuba novelwano kwaye ube nemfesane kwabanye abantu, kubandakanya umntu omkhathaleleyo.

Kubangelwa luxinzelelo olugqithisileyo oluza nokuvelana nokubandezeleka kunye namava abuhlungu wabantu obakhathaleleyo. Ikakhulu ifundwe kubasebenzi bokhathalelo lwempilo, kodwa kuyenzeka nakubanakekeli.

Ezinye zeempawu zokulumkisa zezi:

• umsindo
• ixhala kunye noloyiko olungenangqondo
• ubunzima ekwenzeni izigqibo
• ukudinwa
• ukungabi nathemba
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweziyobisi notywala
• ukubekwa wedwa
• ukuphuthelwa
• ukucaphuka
• ukungabikho kwengqwalaselo
• ukunganaki

Nje ukuba ichongiwe kwaye kujongwane nayo ngokuzibonakalisa kunye nokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo, ukudinwa kwemfesane kuhlala kulunge ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unayo, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha okanye umboneleli wezempilo yengqondo ngokukhawuleza.

Uthintelo

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele imiqondiso yesilumkiso sokudinwa ngumlondolozi ukuba uyiqonde xa unazo. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzikhathalele, uhlale usempilweni, kwaye uthintele ukudinwa, kubandakanya:

• Cela uncedo kwabanye. Khumbula ukuba awunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze yonke into. Kulungile ukucela izihlobo kunye nosapho ukuba benze eminye yemisebenzi yakho enomdla.
• Fumana inkxaso. Ukuthetha malunga nento ohamba kuyo kunye nokufumana inkxaso kusapho kunye nabahlobo okanye iqela lenkxaso kukunceda ukuba uqhubekeke neemvakalelo zakho kunye neemvakalelo zakho. Ukubamba yonke into kunokukwenza uxinezeleke kwaye ube negalelo ekuziva ungonwabanga. Cinga ngokufuna iingcebiso kwiingcali, ukuba kukho imfuneko.
• Nyaniseka kwisiqu sakho. Yazi ukuba yintoni onokuyenza kwaye awukwazi ukuyenza. Yenza imisebenzi onokuyenza, kwaye uyinike abanye abanye. Yithi hayi xa ucinga ukuba umsebenzi uya kuba noxinzelelo kakhulu okanye awunalo ixesha lokwenza.
• Thetha nabanye abanonopheli. Oku kukunceda ukuba ufumane inkxaso kunye nokuvumela ukuba unike inkxaso kunye nenkuthazo kwabanye abenza into efanayo.
• Thatha ikhefu rhoqo. Ukuqhekeka kunceda ukukhulula uxinzelelo kunye nokubuyisela amandla akho. Sebenzisa ixesha ukwenza izinto ezikuphungulayo kunye nokuphucula imeko yakho. Nokuba ikhefu lemizuzu eli-10 linokunceda.
• Zimasa imisebenzi yoluntu. Ukudibana nabahlobo, ukuqhubeka nokuzonwabisa, kunye nokwenza izinto ozithandayo kubalulekile ukugcina ulonwabo lwakho kwaye ukunqande ukuzahlula. Umsebenzi kufuneka ube yinto ekusahlula kwindlela yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla kunye noseto lokhathalelo.
• Nika ingqalelo kwiimvakalelo zakho kunye neemfuno zakho. Kulula ukulibala ukukhathalela iimfuno zakho xa ungumlondolozi. Kubalulekile ukugxila kuwe rhoqo kwaye unakekele iimfuno zakho.
• Khathalela impilo yakho. Gcina ugqirha wakho rhoqo, kubandakanya ukhuseleko, thabatha amayeza akho, kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho xa uziva ugula. Ukuba awuphilanga, awunakukwazi ukukhathalela omnye umntu.
• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni. Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kukugcina usempilweni kwaye kuphucula amandla kunye namandla. Kuphephe ukutya okungenampilo, okunokwenza uzive udangele.
• Zilolonge. Ukuzilolonga yindlela elungileyo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ukonyusa amandla, kunye nokuthatha ixesha lakho. Inokuphucula uxinzelelo.
• Gcina ishedyuli yakho yokulala. Ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo kubalulekile ukuze uhlale usempilweni uze ugcine amandla akho.
• Thatha ikhefu losapho. Ukuba uyasebenza, sebenzisa izibonelelo zekhefu losapho olufumanekayo. Ukususa uxinzelelo lomsebenzi kunokunciphisa uxanduva lwakho kunye nokuzonwabisa ngakumbi.
• Cinga ngononophelo. Xa ufuna ikhefu, ukusebenzisa inkathalo yokuphefumla iiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa lukhetho kwiindawo ezininzi. Xa ufuna iiyure ezimbalwa okanye usuku lwakho, iinkonzo zasekhaya, ezinje ngoncedo lwempilo yasekhaya okanye iziko leentsuku zabantu abadala, zinokukhathalela umntu omthandayo. Indawo yokhathalelo yokuhlala ibonelela ngononophelo ebusuku ukuba ufuna ikhefu elide. Ingxaki kukuba uhlawula umrhumo kwezi nkonzo zihlala zingagqitywanga yi-Medicare okanye i-inshurensi.

Ukugcina ingqondo esempilweni, umzimba kunye nomoya kubalulekile kwimpilo-ntle yakho nobakho obathandayo. Ukuba nesixhobo sokugcina isikhokelo kunokunceda kukugcina ulungelelene kwaye uhlelekile. Ikwangumthombo onokuwusebenzisa xa ufumana iimpawu zokulumkisa ngokudinwa.

Izixhobo kunye nenkxaso

Zininzi izixhobo ezikhoyo zokukunceda ukhathalele umntu omthandayo. Uninzi lwabanyamekeli abanalo uqeqesho lwento abayenzayo kwimeko ethile, ke ukufumana izixhobo eziluncedo kubalulekile.

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zeemeko ezingapheliyo kunye neenkonzo onokuzifuna. Ezinye zezi zixhobo zidweliswe apha ngezantsi:

• Umbutho we-Alzheimer
• Umbutho woMhlaza waseMelika
• Izibonelelo zoMbutho weNtliziyo yaseMelika kubaNonopheli
• Umbutho waseMelika wemiphunga
• Iziko leLizwe leNyango elongezelelweyo nelinye
• Iziko leMedicare kunye neeNkonzo zeMedicaid: Uluhlu lwezixhobo zikazwelonke nezasekhaya zabanonopheli
• I-US Dept. yeZibonelelo zokuKhubazeka kwezabaSebenzi: Ngaba inezixhobo kwizibonelelo zokukhubazeka
• Umthetho wabadala kunye noCwangciso lwezoMthetho: Ukubonelela ngezixhobo zokunceda ngemali nangemicimbi yezomthetho
• Ukunyamekela okufuphi kunye noMgama omde: Ukubonelela ngezixhobo zononophelo lomgama omde
• IZiko leLizwe lokuGuga: Inolwazi kunye nezixhobo kwimpilo nakwindala
• IZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondo (NIMH): Uluhlu lwezinto ezinxulumene nemicimbi yezempilo yengqondo
• ILayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango: Ineentlobo ngeentlobo zedatha yezolwazi kunye nolwazi lophando
• Uvimba weZibonelelo zeSizwe: Unika ulwazi malunga nokukhathalela amajoni awonzakeleyo
• Ulawulo loKhuseleko loLuntu: Fumana uncedo kwiMedare kunye nemicimbi yokhuseleko kwezentlalo
• Inethiwekhi yokuNakekela abaNakekeli: Iiarhente kunye neMibutho: Uluhlu lweewebhusayithi ezinxulumene nezifo ezithile

Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi ezinemithombo yokunceda abagcini ukuba bazinyamekele:

• Amaziko eZiko lezeMpilo (i-NIH) Izixhobo zoNonophelo zibandakanya iinkonzo ezibonelelwa kwiiklinikhi ze-NIH, kunye nokunxibelelana neewebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo onokuzisebenzisa ukufumana ulwazi kwezona nkathalo zininzi zezempilo kunye nezihloko zenkxaso. Unokufumana urhulumente kunye neenkqubo zasekuhlaleni, iinkonzo kunye nezixhobo zabanonopheli. Ikwanonxibelelwano kwiibhlog eziluncedo, iindibano zocweyo, iipodcast kunye neevidiyo. Ikwanekhonkco kwilayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango lweFacebook iphepha labanonopheli.
• Umdibaniselwano woNonophelo lweeNtsapho sisixhobo esilungileyo ngokubanzi esinolwazi oluninzi kokubini ekuncedeni ukuba unakekele umntu omthandayo kunye nokuzikhathalela. Igcwele amakhonkco kwizixhobo zononophelo olukhulu, imibuzo kunye neenkxalabo.
• IBhokisi yoKhathalelo loSapho evela kwiNethiwekhi yokuNika iNzululwazi ibonelela ngeengcebiso ezilungileyo kunye nezixhobo.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukukhathala kwabanonopheli kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo kunye nomthwalo wokukhathalela umntu omthandayo uya usiba nzima. Oku kubangela ukwehla kwempilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba. Khumbula ukuba ukudinwa yinto exhaphakileyo kubagcini - awenzanga nto ukuyibangela.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kukwazi iimpawu zokulumkisa ngokudinwa kwabanonopheli ukuze ubenokubabona kwaye ubathintele. Ukulandela iingcebiso zokuthintela ukudinwa kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ezikhoyo kubanakekeli kuya kukunceda ufike kwindawo esempilweni.