Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Umxholo

• Oonobangela
• Iimpawu
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Uxilongo
• Uvavanyo kunye nonyango
• Oogqirha abanyanga isifo sentliziyo
• Olunye unyango
• Iingxaki
• Uthintelo

Ushwankathelo

Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, ukunikezelwa kwegazi okuqhele ukondla intliziyo ngeoksijini kuyanqunyulwa kwaye umsipha wentliziyo uqalise ukufa. Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo - ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-myocardial infarction- kuxhaphake kakhulu eMelika. Ngapha koko, kuqikelelwa ukuba enye yenzeka qho.

Abanye abantu abanesifo sentliziyo baneempawu zokulumkisa, ngelixa abanye bengabonisi zimpawu. Ezinye zeempawu abantu abaninzi abazixelayo zezi:

• iintlungu zesifuba
• iintlungu zomzimba eziphezulu
• ukubila
• isicaphucaphu
• ukudinwa
• ingxaki yokuphefumla

Isifo sentliziyo yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Funa unyango kwangoko ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana iimpawu ezinokubonisa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo.

Oonobangela

Kukho iimeko ezimbalwa zentliziyo ezinokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Esinye sezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo kukwakha i-plaque kwiimithambo (i-atherosclerosis) ethintela igazi ukuba lingafiki kwizihlunu zentliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo nako kunokubangelwa ngamachaphaza egazi okanye ngumthambo wegazi okrazukileyo. Ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, isifo sentliziyo sibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zingabandakanya:

• iintlungu esifubeni okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle
• isicaphucaphu
• ukubila
• intloko elula okanye isiyezi
• ukudinwa

Zininzi iimpawu ezinokubakho xa uhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kwaye iimpawu zinokwahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Zininzi izinto ezinokukubeka emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ezinye zezinto ongenakuzitshintsha, ezinje ngeminyaka yobudala kunye nembali yosapho. Eminye imiba, ebizwa ngokuba yimingcipheko enokuguqulwa, nguwe unako tshintsha.

Imiba yomngcipheko ongenakukutshintsha iquka:

• Ubudala. Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo ungaphezulu.
• Ukwabelana ngesondo. Amadoda asengozini ngakumbi kunabafazi.
• Imbali yosapho. Ukuba unembali yosapho yesifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukutyeba kakhulu, okanye isifo seswekile, usengozini enkulu.
• Uhlanga. Abantu abanemvelaphi yaseAfrika banomngcipheko ophezulu.

Izinto ezinobungozi ezinokutshintsha ezinokuthi uzitshintshe zibandakanya:

• ukutshaya
• cholesterol ephezulu
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukunqongophala kwemithambo
• ukutya kunye nokusela utywala
• uxinzelelo

Uxilongo

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sentliziyo kwenziwa ngugqirha emva kokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nokuphononongwa kwimbali yakho yonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhuba i-electrocardiogram (ECG) ukubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yombane wentliziyo yakho.

Kuya kufuneka bathathe isampulu yegazi lakho okanye benze olunye uvavanyo ukuze babone ukuba ngaba bukhona ubungqina bomonakalo wentliziyo yezihlunu.

Uvavanyo kunye nonyango

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa isifo sentliziyo, baya kusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nonyango, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-catheterization yentliziyo. Esi sisiphumo esifakwa kwimithambo yegazi yakho ngombhobho othambileyo obhetyebhetye obizwa ngokuba yicatheter. Ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge iindawo ezinokuba zakhiwe khona i-plaque. Ugqirha wakho unokufaka idayi kwimithambo yakho ngokusebenzisa i-catheter kwaye uthathe i-X-ray ukubona ukuba igazi lihamba njani, kunye nokujonga naziphi na izithintelo.

Ukuba uye wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho usenokucebisa ngenkqubo (yotyando okanye yokuhlinzwa). Iinkqubo zinokuthomalalisa iintlungu kwaye zincede ekuthinteleni olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo ukuba lungenzeki.

Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• I-Angioplasty. I-angioplasty ivula umthambo ovaliweyo ngokusebenzisa ibhaluni okanye ngokususa i-plaque buildup.
• Ukuqina. I-stent yityhubhu yocingo yocingo efakwe kwimithambo ukuze ihlale ivulekile emva kwe-angioplasty.
• Utyando lwentliziyo. Ngoqhaqho olugqithisileyo, ugqirha wakho uhambisa igazi elijikeleze ukucinywa.
• Utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo. Kutyando olwenziwe ngokutsha lweevalve, iivalve zakho ezivuzayo zithathelwa indawo ukunceda impompo yentliziyo.
• Umenzi wePacemaker. I-pacemaker sisixhobo esifakelwe phantsi kolusu. Yenzelwe ukunceda intliziyo yakho igcine isingqisho esiqhelekileyo.
• Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kwiimeko ezinzima apho ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kubangele ukufa kwezicubu ngokusisigxina kuninzi lwentliziyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela amayeza ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo, kubandakanya:

• Iasprini
• iziyobisi zokuqhekeza amahlwili
• i-antiplatelet kunye ne-anticoagulants, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngabacoci begazi
• Iipilisi zentlungu
• initroglycerin
• uxinzelelo lwegazi amayeza

Oogqirha abanyanga isifo sentliziyo

Kuba ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kuhlala kungalindelekanga, ugqirha wegumbi likaxakeka uhlala engowokuqala ukubanyanga. Emva kokuba umntu ezinzile, badluliselwa kugqirha ogxile entliziyweni, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cardiologist.

Olunye unyango

Olunye unyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokuphucula impilo yakho kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ukutya okunempilo kunye nendlela yokuphila kubalulekile ekugcineni intliziyo esempilweni.

Iingxaki

Iingxaki ezininzi zinxulunyaniswa nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Xa ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwenzeka, kunokuphazamisa intliziyo yakho yesiqhelo yesiqhelo, enokuyinqanda ngokupheleleyo. Ezi zingqungquthela zingaqhelekanga ziyaziwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmias.

Xa intliziyo yakho iyeka ukufumana unikezelo lwegazi ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, ezinye izicwili zinokufa. Oku kunokuyenza buthathaka intliziyo kwaye kamva kubangele iimeko ezisongela ubomi ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo.

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lunokuchaphazela iivevithi zentliziyo yakho kwaye lubangele ukuvuza. Ubungakanani bexesha elithathayo ukufumana unyango kunye nendawo yomonakalo eya kuthi ichonge iziphumo zexesha elide entliziyweni yakho.

Uthintelo

Ngelixa zininzi izinto ezinobungozi ezingaphandle kolawulo lwakho, kusekho amanyathelo asisiseko onokuwathatha ukugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni. Ukutshaya ngoyena nobangela wesifo sentliziyo. Ukuqala inkqubo yokuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko. Ukugcina ukutya okusempilweni, ukuzilolonga nokunciphisa ukusela kwakho zezinye iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, qiniseka ukuthatha amayeza akho kwaye ujonge amanqanaba eglucose egazini rhoqo. Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, sebenza ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho kwaye uthathe amayeza akho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkxalabo malunga nomngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.