IHemoglobin Electrophoresis

Umxholo

• Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo eentlobo zehemoglobin
• Kwiintsana
• Kubantu abadala
• Kutheni kwenziwa ihemoglobin electrophoresis
• Kuphi kwaye kwenziwa njani uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis
• Umngcipheko we-hemoglobin electrophoresis
• Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kovavanyo

Yintoni uvavanyo lwehemoglobin electrophoresis?

Uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis luvavanyo lwegazi olusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuchonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zehemoglobin egazini lakho. IHemoglobin yiprotein ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinoxanduva lokuhambisa ioksijini kwizicwili nakwizitho zakho.

Ukutshintsha kwemfuza kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise ihemoglobin eyenziwe ngokungachanekanga. Le hemoglobin ingaqhelekanga inokubangela ioksijini encinci ukuba ifikelele kwizicwili nakwizitho zomzimba.

Kukho amakhulu eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zehemoglobin. Ziquka:

• IHemoglobin F: Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin yomntwana. Luhlobo olufumaneka ekukhuleni kwemveku kunye neentsana. Ifakwa endaweni yehemoglobin A ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa.
• IHemoglobin A: Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin yabantu abadala. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwehemoglobin. Itholakala kubantwana abasempilweni kunye nabantu abadala.
• IHemoglobin C, D, E, M, kunye no-S: Ezi ziindidi ezinqabileyo zehemoglobin engaqhelekanga ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwemfuza.

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo eentlobo zehemoglobin

Uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis alukuxeleli malunga nesixa se-hemoglobin esegazini lakho-oko kwenziwa kubalo olupheleleyo lwegazi. Amanqanaba ekubhekiswa kuwo kuvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis ziipesenti zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zehemoglobin ezinokufumaneka egazini lakho. Oku kwahlukile kwiintsana nakubantu abadala:

Kwiintsana

IHemoglobin ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngehemoglobin F kwimveku. I-Hemoglobin F isenza uninzi lwe-hemoglobin kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Iyancipha ngokukhawuleza ngelixa umntwana wakho enonyaka ubudala:

Kubantu abadala

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo eentlobo ze-hemoglobin kubantu abadala ngala:

Kutheni kwenziwa ihemoglobin electrophoresis

Ufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingaqhelekanga zehemoglobin ngokuzuza imfuza kwiijeni ezinoxanduva lokuvelisa ihemoglobin. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba uneengxaki ezibangela ukuveliswa kwehemoglobin engaqhelekanga. Izizathu ugqirha anokufuna ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis lubandakanya:

1. Njengenxalenye yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo: Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya ukuba i-hemoglobin yakho ilandelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwegazi ngexesha lomzimba oqhelekileyo.

Ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka kwegazi: Ugqirha wakho unokuthi wenze uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-anemia. Uvavanyo luya kubanceda bafumane naziphi na iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga ze-hemoglobin egazini lakho. Oku kunokuba luphawu lweengxaki kubandakanya:

• I-sickle cell anemia
• thalassemia
• polycythemia vera

3. Ukubeka iliso kunyango: Ukuba uphathwa kwimeko ebangela iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga ze-hemoglobin, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqanaba akho eentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hemoglobin ene-hemoglobin electrophoresis.

4. Ukujonga iimeko zofuzo: Abantu abanembali yosapho ye-anemias eyifa njenge-thalassemia okanye i-sickle cell anemia banokukhetha ukukroba kwezi ngxaki zemfuza ngaphambi kokuba babe nabantwana. Ihemoglobin electrophoresis iya kubonisa ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi na iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga zehemoglobin ezibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwemfuzo. Iintsana nazo zihlala zivavanywa kwezi ngxaki zemfuza zehemoglobin. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuvavanya umntwana wakho ukuba unembali yosapho ye-hemoglobin engaqhelekanga okanye une-anemia engabangelwa kukusilela kwentsimbi.

Kuphi kwaye kwenziwa njani uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis

Awudingi ukwenza nantoni na ekhethekileyo ukulungiselela i-hemoglobin electrophoresis.

Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uye kwilebhu ukuze utsale igazi lakho. Kwilebhu, umboneleli wezempilo uthatha isampuli yegazi engalweni okanye esandleni sakho: Baqala bacoca indawo kunye ne-swab yokuhlikihla utywala. Emva koko bafaka inaliti encinci enetyhubhu eqhotyoshelwe ukuqokelela igazi. Xa kutofwe igazi elaneleyo, bayayisusa inaliti kwaye bayogquma isiza ngephedi yokwaleka. Emva koko bathumela isampuli yegazi lakho elabhoratri ukuze ihlolwe.

Kwilabhoratri, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-electrophoresis idlulisa umbane nge-hemoglobin kwisampulu yegazi lakho. Oku kubangela ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zehemoglobin zohlukane ngokwamaqela ahlukeneyo. Isampulu yegazi lakho emva koko ithelekiswa nesampulu esempilweni ukumisela ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zehemoglobin ezikhoyo.

Umngcipheko we-hemoglobin electrophoresis

Njengalo naluphi na uvavanyo lwegazi, kukho umngcipheko omncinci. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukugruzuka
• ukopha
• usulelo kwindawo yokuhlatywa

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umthambo ungadumba emva kokutsalwa kwegazi. Le meko, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-phlebitis, inokunyangwa nge-compress efudumeleyo amatyeli aliqela ngosuku. Ukopha okuqhubekayo kunokuba yingxaki ukuba unesifo esophayo okanye uthatha amayeza okucoca igazi, njenge-warfarin (Coumadin) okanye i-aspirin (iBufferin).

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kovavanyo

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa amanqanaba ehemoglobin angaqhelekanga, zinokubangelwa ngu:

• Isifo sehemoglobin C, isifo esingokofuzo esikhokelela kwi-anemia ebukhali
• hemoglobinopathy enqabileyo, iqela lokuphazamiseka kwemfuza elibangela ukuveliswa okungaqhelekanga okanye ulwakhiwo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• I-sickle cell anemia
• thalassemia

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza iimvavanyo zokulandela ukuba uvavanyo lwehemoglobin electrophoresis lubonisa ukuba uneentlobo ezingaqhelekanga zehemoglobin.